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Questions and Answers
Which component is NOT part of the model of communicative competence developed by Canale and Swain?
Which component is NOT part of the model of communicative competence developed by Canale and Swain?
In which speech style would you most likely find the phrase, 'I would like to request a meeting to discuss the proposed project in detail.'?
In which speech style would you most likely find the phrase, 'I would like to request a meeting to discuss the proposed project in detail.'?
What characterizes the Frozen Register?
What characterizes the Frozen Register?
Which of the following best describes sociolinguistic competence?
Which of the following best describes sociolinguistic competence?
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What is the main focus of communicative competence as defined by Dell Hymes?
What is the main focus of communicative competence as defined by Dell Hymes?
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Which type of illocutionary act involves expressing belief about the truth of a proposition?
Which type of illocutionary act involves expressing belief about the truth of a proposition?
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What is the main goal of a commissive illocutionary act?
What is the main goal of a commissive illocutionary act?
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Which of the following examples best illustrates a declarative illocutionary act?
Which of the following examples best illustrates a declarative illocutionary act?
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Which illocutionary act is intended to make the listener perform an action?
Which illocutionary act is intended to make the listener perform an action?
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What type of illocutionary act typically includes thanking or apologizing?
What type of illocutionary act typically includes thanking or apologizing?
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Which statement is an example of an assertive illocutionary act?
Which statement is an example of an assertive illocutionary act?
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Which illocutionary act involves making a commitment to a future action?
Which illocutionary act involves making a commitment to a future action?
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In which scenario is a directive illocutionary act being used?
In which scenario is a directive illocutionary act being used?
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What defines a locutionary act?
What defines a locutionary act?
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Which example illustrates an illocutionary act?
Which example illustrates an illocutionary act?
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How do constantive illocutionary acts differ from performative acts?
How do constantive illocutionary acts differ from performative acts?
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Which statement is an example of a performative act?
Which statement is an example of a performative act?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a locutionary act?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a locutionary act?
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What is the key element that distinguishes illocutionary acts from locutionary acts?
What is the key element that distinguishes illocutionary acts from locutionary acts?
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When someone says, 'You are free to leave,' which type of speech act are they performing?
When someone says, 'You are free to leave,' which type of speech act are they performing?
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Which of the following best represents a perlocutionary act?
Which of the following best represents a perlocutionary act?
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What defines the intimate register in language use?
What defines the intimate register in language use?
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Which of the following is a feature of consultative register?
Which of the following is a feature of consultative register?
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Which phrase best exemplifies the characteristics of the intimate register?
Which phrase best exemplifies the characteristics of the intimate register?
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Which of the following statements is true about the characteristics of the consultative register?
Which of the following statements is true about the characteristics of the consultative register?
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What type of language is referred to when saying 'I, [name], take you, [name]' in a vow?
What type of language is referred to when saying 'I, [name], take you, [name]' in a vow?
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Which option best reflects a misunderstanding of the consultative register?
Which option best reflects a misunderstanding of the consultative register?
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In what context is the phrase 'What do you think?' typically used?
In what context is the phrase 'What do you think?' typically used?
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Which of the following best illustrates the purpose of using an intimate register?
Which of the following best illustrates the purpose of using an intimate register?
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Which of the following exemplifies a nomination communicative strategy?
Which of the following exemplifies a nomination communicative strategy?
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What is the purpose of the restriction communicative strategy?
What is the purpose of the restriction communicative strategy?
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What does turn-taking help achieve in a conversation?
What does turn-taking help achieve in a conversation?
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Which scenario best illustrates a perlocutionary effect?
Which scenario best illustrates a perlocutionary effect?
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What is the role of topic control in communication?
What is the role of topic control in communication?
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What is the definition of topic shifting?
What is the definition of topic shifting?
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What action is commonly used to indicate one is finished speaking in a turn-taking strategy?
What action is commonly used to indicate one is finished speaking in a turn-taking strategy?
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In the context of communicative strategies, which behavior can lead to conflicts during discussions?
In the context of communicative strategies, which behavior can lead to conflicts during discussions?
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Which example best illustrates a conversational transition for topic shifting?
Which example best illustrates a conversational transition for topic shifting?
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What does the repair strategy of 'requesting clarification' involve?
What does the repair strategy of 'requesting clarification' involve?
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What is meant by 'recasting' in the context of communicative strategy?
What is meant by 'recasting' in the context of communicative strategy?
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Which action is an example of termination in communication?
Which action is an example of termination in communication?
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What does the strategy of 'not acknowledging the new situation' imply?
What does the strategy of 'not acknowledging the new situation' imply?
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the repair communicative strategy?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the repair communicative strategy?
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Which of the following statements represents effective use of topic shifting?
Which of the following statements represents effective use of topic shifting?
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Study Notes
Communicative Competence
- The ability to use language correctly in different social situations
- Includes the correct use of the linguistic system
- Refers to how effectively one communicates with someone else
Dell Hymes (1966)
- Defined communicative competence
- Explored how people use language in different situations
- His work formed the basis of modern communicative competence
Michael Canale and Merrill Swain
- Developed a model of communicative competence with four components
- Linguistic competence
- Strategic competence
- Sociolinguistic competence
- Discursive competence
Types of Speech Styles
-
Formal Register: Used in professional or formal settings (e.g., business meetings, official correspondence)
- Example: "I would like to request a meeting to discuss the proposed project in detail."
-
Casual Register: Used in relaxed and informal situations (e.g., among close friends)
- Example: "Hey, wanna grab some lunch and chat about the project later?"
- Frozen Register: Language that has not changed over time (e.g., wedding vows).
- Intimate Register: Used in private and special occasions between two people (e.g., intimate conversations)
-
Consultative Register: Used in professional settings, seeking advice, requiring feedback (e.g., interviews, meetings).
- Example: "What do you think?," "How can we solve this?, "Tell me what your opinion is"
Types of Speech Acts
- Locutionary Acts: Saying something that has meaning (e.g., "It is raining")
-
Illocutionary Acts: Saying something with a purpose or intention (e.g., "Please sit down," "I'm sorry")
- Constantive: Making something true or false (e.g., "I name this dog Chubby")
- Performative: Changing the situation by saying the words (e.g., "I accept the challenge")
- Perlocutionary Acts: The effect the words have on the listener (e.g., the listener feeling scared after hearing "Fire!")
Types of Communicative Strategies
- Nomination: Setting a purpose for the conversation (e.g., asking "Good morning, class. How are you today?")
- Restriction: Limiting the conversation to certain topics or categories (e.g. limiting the conversation to pandemic and mental health)
- Turn-Taking: Recognising when to speak and listen (e.g. waiting for others to finish speaking and using non-verbal cues)
- Topic Control: Keeping the conversation going by asking questions (e.g., "That was excellent, Arlene! How about the rest of the class?")
- Topic Shifting: Introducing a new topic (e.g., starting to talk about social media usage after discussing the topic of physical distancing)
- Repair: Overcoming communication breakdown (e.g., requesting clarification)
- Termination: Ending the conversation (e.g., thanking someone, and saying goodbye)
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Description
This quiz explores communicative competence, emphasizing its definition and significance in language use across various social contexts. It delves into the contributions of Dell Hymes and the model proposed by Michael Canale and Merrill Swain, as well as different speech styles like formal and casual registers.
