Communication traditions

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Match the Frankfurt School theorist with their corresponding contribution:

Theodor Adorno = Critique of the culture industry and its role in perpetuating capitalist ideologies. Jürgen Habermas = Development of the concept of the public sphere and its role in democratic discourse. Max Horkheimer = Contributions to critical theory, focusing on the critique of capitalist systems and culture. Herbert Marcuse = Exploration of consumerism, alienation, and liberation within capitalist societies.

Match the semiotic concept with its definition:

Signifier = The physical form of a sign, such as a word or image. Signified = The concept or idea that a signifier represents. Langue = The abstract, underlying system of rules and conventions of a language. Parole = The concrete instances of language use, such as speech or writing.

Match the theorist with their rhetorical contribution:

Aristotle = Defined rhetoric as the art of persuasion and introduced ethos, pathos, and logos. Cicero = Elucidated the five canons of rhetoric: Invention, Arrangement, Style, Memory, and Delivery. Kenneth Burke = Explored rhetorical identification and expanded the discipline to include feminist and cultural perspectives. Corax = Credited with the first formal rhetorical theory, focused on probability in Syracuse, Sicily.

Match the key term from Muted Group Theory with its corresponding definition:

Mutedness = The struggle of non-dominant groups to express their thoughts without conforming to the dominant group's language. Malestreaming = The dominance of male perspectives in mainstream communication. Gatekeeping = Control over information and communication channels, often exerted by dominant groups. Inversion Thesis = Knowledge authority is granted to marginalized individuals because they often possess deeper insights than those benefiting from oppression Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist of symbolic interactionism with their contribution:

George Herbert Mead = Explored the role of symbols, language, and social interaction in the formation of the self. Charles Horton Cooley = Introduced the concept of the 'looking-glass self'. Erving Goffman = Introduced 'dramaturgy,' viewing social life as a theatrical performance with roles and scripts. Herbert Blumer = Coined the term 'symbolic interactionism,' formalized and popularized Mead's theories. Signup and view all the answers

Relate the concept to the relevant canon of rhetoric:

Invention = Discovering and developing persuasive arguments, including topics, stasis, and argumentation. Arrangement = Organizing and structuring persuasive arguments effectively. Style = Using language and rhetorical devices artfully to enhance the message's impact. Delivery = The physical and verbal presentation of a message. Signup and view all the answers

Match the key term with its description within third-order signification according to Roland Barthes:

Denotative Meaning = The literal or dictionary definition of a sign or symbol. Connotative Meaning = The implied or associated meanings of a sign or symbol, shaped by cultural and personal contexts. Cultural Connotations = The specific meanings associated with symbols or practices within a particular culture. Mythic Meaning = Deeply ingrained cultural assumptions and societal worldviews that transform historical or cultural meanings into seemingly naturalized concepts. Signup and view all the answers

Align the theoretical concept with its descriptor:

Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) = A psychological theory of persuasion distinguishing between central and peripheral routes of processing persuasive messages. Central Route = Involves critical thinking and careful evaluation of the message's content. Peripheral Route = Relies on cues external to the message, such as source credibility or attractiveness. Strong Arguments = Essential in the central route for effective persuasion due to its dependency on critical thinking and careful message evaluation. Signup and view all the answers

Match the semiotician with their foundational concept

Ferdinand de Saussure = Signifier/Signified - The linguistic expression verses the mental concept of an object Charles Sanders Peirce = Representamen/Interpretant/Object - The triadic relationship of a sign representing the object it stands for via the interpretant. Roland Barthes = Myth - The second order signification that naturalises cultural concepts. Umberto Eco = Aberrant Decoding - An alternative interpretation of a message that goes against the senders intended meaning. Signup and view all the answers

Match the term to its relevant definition regarding the critical tradition:

Dominant-Hegemonic Position = Audiences largely align with the intended message of media texts, reinforcing dominant ideologies. Negotiated Position = Audiences engage critically with media texts, accepting some aspects while rejecting others. Oppositional Position = Actively resist and reject the intended message of media texts, challenging dominant ideologies. Aberrant Decoding Position = An unintended reading that goes against the preferred meaning of a text, and usually causes offence. Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its relationship to Standpoint Theory:

Standpoint = Earned through collective political struggle and offers critical insights into power structures. Situated Knowledge Thesis = Knowledge creation is influenced by social factors such as historical context and socio-cultural environments. Strong Objectivity = Starting research from women's lives enhances objectivity by acknowledging researcher biases. Inversion Thesis = Marginalized individuals possess deeper insights due to their knowledge of oppression. Signup and view all the answers

Correlate the term to its respective definition from Intersectional Feminist Theory:

Political Intersectionality = How various social identities intersect with political systems and structures. Representational Intersectionality = How gender, race, and sexuality are linked and enforce oppressive stereotypes in media. Structural Intersectionality = How marginalized groups experience social oppression differently due to the intersection of multiple social identities. Black Feminism = Focusing on the specific injustices faced by Black women, emphasizing intersectionality regarding various forms of discrimination. Signup and view all the answers

Match the communication tradition with its focus:

Critical Tradition = Explores how discourses influence dominant and marginalized voices through reflective discourse. Cybernetic Tradition = Focuses on communication as information processing and its influence on individuals or organizations. Phenomenological Tradition = Emphasizes communication as an experience of self and others through dialogue. Rhetorical Tradition = Studies how persuasion is achieved through the practical art of discourse. Signup and view all the answers

Connect a key concept of symbolic interactionism with its definition:

Meaning = Socially constructed and negotiated through continuous interpretation and redefinition. Self = The spontaneous 'I' and the conforming 'me' components of the self-concept. Taking the Role of Others = Imaginative role-taking to understand perspectives, contributing to self-awareness and social understanding. Looking-Glass Self = Self-concept development through imagining how others perceive and judge us. Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its related definition regarding the analysis of signs:

Stereotypes = Oversimplified generalizations about groups of people based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or nationality Ideologies = Beliefs that convey specific meanings and messages that reflect the dominant social, political, and economic interests of a given society Social Conventions/Ideals/Phenomena/Attributes/Forms = Societal standards and conventions that attach meanings to aspects of the everyday. Arbitrariness of the Sign = There is no inherent connection between the linguistic sign and its meaning Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts related to the Muted Group Theory, and its role in the communication of marginalized communities:

Dominant and Muted Groups = The social group holding the most power and influence within a given society, while the muted group has a less privileged position. Feminist Dictionaries = Provide alternative definitions and readings of words to promote inclusivity and challenge sexist language. Non-Verbal Communication = Language can reinforce existing social hierarchies and perpetuate the dominance of certain groups over others. Mutedness = The struggle of individuals from non-dominant groups to express their thoughts freely without conforming to the dominant group's language Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its description in rhetorical theory:

Ethos = A rhetorical appeal rooted in the credibility of the speaker. Pathos = A rhetorical appeal leveraging emotions through emotive language and storytelling. Logos = A rhetorical appeal based on logic and reason, involving facts, and logical reasoning. Enthymeme = A persuasive argument presenting a premise and a conclusion, with the audience filling in the implied premise. Signup and view all the answers

Connect the semiotic concept with its application:

Sign = A unit of meaning consisting of a signifier and a signified. Signifier = The physical manifestation of a sign, such as a word or image. Signified = The mental concept or image associated with a signifier. Third-Order Signification = How signs convey deeper layers of meaning beyond their immediate referents, highlighting ideological implications. Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its respective explanation concerning the effects of Capitalism:

Culture Industry = The mass production and dissemination of cultural products within capitalist societies, often aimed at shaping societal values and behaviors. Oppositional Position = Audiences actively resist and reject the intended message of media texts, challenging dominant ideologies and narratives. Ideology = A system of beliefs that justify and perpetuate existing power structures within society. Decoding = The process by which audiences interpret and make sense of media messages. Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of feminist perspective with its theoretical focus:

Black Feminism = Focuses on understanding injustices faced by Black women by exploring different forms of discrimination and how those elements intersect with these communities. Intersectional Feminist Theory = Explains how various forms of oppression intersect and compound to shape communication. Political Intersectionality = Aims to make certain movements are responding to all needs that encompass the oppressed while examining how systems interplay. Representational Intersectionality = Explores in media how depictions enforce various sterotypes. Signup and view all the answers

Relate the following rhetorical term with its definition:

Delivery = The physical and verbal presentation of a message, focusing on non-verbal communication. Memory = Memorization of a speech's structure and key points for effective delivery. Style = The artful use of language and rhetorical devices to enhance the message's implications. Arrangement = Organization and structure of persuasive arguments, encompassing introduction, background, thesis, division, confirmation, rebuttal, and conclusion. Signup and view all the answers

Match the element from Muted Group Theory with its theoretical implications:

Dominant Voices = Shapes Societal Standards that perpetuate a bias and disadvantage towards non-dominant discourse. Expressed Thought = A challenge that individuals without a strong background to the standard face and where their meanings can be overlooked if they are unable to express them. Oppressed = Those that hold marginalized or suppressed status because societies favor the oppressor. Gatekeepers = Have control of information and influence that is delivered which provides a bias that often promotes oppression. Signup and view all the answers

Associate the term from the ELM model with its interpretation:

Peripheral Route = Relying on superficial cues, such as source attractiveness, to process information. Central Route = Engaging in deep analysis of the information to process its relevance and draw the necessary conclusions. Motivation to Process = The degree to which an individual is willing to engage with and critically analyze the information presented. Ability to Process = Assessing whether an individual can take the relevant information and engage with it to arrive at a deeper understanding of its core concepts. Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its implication within symbolic interactionism regarding the effects of social structure on individual identity:

Looking-Glass Self = An examination of the standards that dominate our everyday lives and how we create a sense of social expectation that perpetuates standards. Taking the Role of Others = The importance of individuals engaging in understanding the experiences or opinions of the other. Role of Symbolic Interaction = Those who are able to perpetuate their perspectives by conveying the implications behind them. Meaning = The core concept that requires interpersonal relation and the creation a deeper understanding of each other that is often shared to reinforce social order. Signup and view all the answers

Match the meaning with its understanding of semiotics:

Denotative Meaning = The straightforward interpretation of signs or symbols. Connotative Meaning = Implied meanings shaped by culture, society, and personal interpretation. Mythic Meaning = Deeply ingrained cultural that transforms historical or cultural meanings into naturalized concepts. Aberrant Decoding = An alteration to the message that goes against the senders intended meaning, and can cause offense. Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist with their relevant work:

Jürgen Habermas = Focused on the public sphere, emphasizing the importance of rational discourse and democratic participation. Max Horkheimer = Examined the critique of capitalist systems and the role of culture in maintaining social inequalities. Herbert Marcuse = Extended views on consumerism, alienation, and liberation within capitalist cultures to create the idea of "One-Dimensional Man". Theodor Adorno = Critique of the culture industry and its role in Capitalism. Signup and view all the answers

Relate the role in Muted Group Theory with its example:

Mutedness = A person struggling to get their point across is unable to express an opinion and is subject to the group consensus. Preferred Group = The standard that groups establish to create and benefit themselves from the norms. Malestreaming = The role of those acting as gatekeepers for information as well as being dominant when they give discourse. Non-verbal Communication = Used by an individual to show dissaproval. Signup and view all the answers

Consider the effect of different levels of engagement on reception relating to ELM model:

Peripheral Route = An examination of the communicator presenting the message. Central Route = A deep process of analyzing the contents relevance as well as creating meaning that reflects relevance to the recipient. Relevance of Involvement = The standard requirements that would push the receiver to engage or discard the message. Motivating to Process = Examining what standard of information would encourage a receiver to take action or dismiss Signup and view all the answers

Associate the effect of each term used that makes interpersonal communication a relevant exploration concerning symbolic interactionism:

Taking the Role of Others: = Engaging in introspection or considering how another may feel about the situation. Society: = Creating social pressure to create an effect on others and their choices. Looking Glass Self = An assessment and the resulting effect of internalized social expectations. Group: = A setting in which the dynamic plays a vital part, giving those in the setting the requirements of meeting standards that encourage certain reactions. Signup and view all the answers

Relate the following terms with its definition concerning semiotics

Ideologies: = A set of social expectations that benefit the status quo and control aspects of discourse. Culture = The standards set that dictate meaning behind discourse. Social/Conventions: = A set of unwritten codes and guidelines on how societies operate. Stereotypes: = A generalized expectation or belief that is used to describe others and can have disservice. Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist with the communication concept:

Edwin Ardener = Developed Muted Group Theory, highlighting challenges faced by women expressing themselves in dominant communication systems. Donna Haraway = Explored the intersection of technology, gender, and biology introducing the idea of feminist technoscience. Cheris Kramarae = Expanded on Muted Group Theory, emphasizing the power dynamics inherent in communications. Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw = The legal mind that coined the term "Intersectionality". Signup and view all the answers

Match the action with its function during rhetorical examination:

Style = Express the subject to engage with and relate to the listener. Arrangement = Order core arguments using logical organization as well as supporting thoughts. Invention = Craft the message to resonate with the subject. Delivery = Convey aspects, emphasis and engagement to connect the speech with listeners. Signup and view all the answers

How do the following points related to ELM Model create meaning:

Preferred Meaning = The original reason that content was made and intended to be disseminated. Receiver-Based Meaning = The end user that receives the message. The degree to which they assess it and create their own meaning. Source Credibility = Those in power or those who have proven their ability to act with relevant and vital knowledge. Message Construction = The content itself and the means of delivering the idea that require various understanding and context points Signup and view all the answers

Considering the theoretical implications behind symbolic interactionism how can the following theoretical approaches influence communication

Creation of "Meaning" = How symbols and interactions create societal understanding that become social conventions. Subjective Interpretation = How an individual may translate a sentiment or concept, and the validity of its meaning and the effect of their actions. Group Dynamics = How groups interact and express understanding based on the group members' beliefs and meanings. Self-fulfilling Prophecy = If an individual were to internalize what they are told it shapes their reality, and what they engage in. Signup and view all the answers

Consider the following levels when assessing a written or verbal sentiment through semiotics

Literal Meaning = The first order or the literal and obvious meaning. Symbol(ism) = Those images, points or meanings that reinforce the first concept or present a secondary function. Cultural/Implicit = Those underlying factors or connotations that can be examined with an awareness of different standards. Meaning Construction Based on Ideologies = A result of understanding implicit factors and the overall concepts, creating social standing and action or discourse. Signup and view all the answers

Match the key term with its definition:

Decolonization = Undoing colonial legacies in media and communication De-westernization = Moving away from Western-centric perspectives Discourse = Communication conforming to social or ideological rules Media Literacy = Critically analyzing media messages Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist with their concept associated with symbolic interactionism:

Charles Horton Cooley = Looking-glass self Erving Goffman = Dramaturgy George Herbert Mead = Role of symbols in self-formation Herbert Blumer = Formalization of symbolic interactionism Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its description in symbolic interactionism:

Meaning = Socially constructed through interpretation Self = Spontaneous 'I' and conforming 'me' Self-fulfilling Prophecy = Beliefs influencing behavior Symbols = Language with agreed-upon meanings Signup and view all the answers

Match the rhetorician with their contribution to rhetoric:

Aristotle = Defined rhetoric as the art of persuasion Cicero = Introduced the five canons of rhetoric Corax = Developed the first formal rhetorical theory Kenneth Burke = Explored rhetorical identification Signup and view all the answers

Match the canon of rhetoric to its function:

Invention = Discovering persuasive arguments Arrangement = Organizing persuasive arguments Style = Using language artfully Delivery = Presenting a message verbally and physically Signup and view all the answers

Match the rhetorical appeal with its focus:

Ethos = Speaker's credibility Logos = Logic and reason Pathos = Emotions Enthymeme = Implied premise for audience conclusion Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with its semiotic definition:

Sign = Signifier and signified Signifier = Physical manifestation of a sign Signified = Mental concept associated with a signifier Arbitrariness of the Sign = No inherent connection between sign and meaning Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its semiotic level of meaning:

Denotative Meaning = Literal interpretation of signs Connotative Meaning = Implied meanings shaped by culture Mythic Meaning = Deeply ingrained cultural assumptions Cultural Connotations = Specific meanings associated with symbols in a culture Signup and view all the answers

Match the structural component with its role in semiotics:

Langue = Underlying system of language Parole = Instances of speech or writing Stereotypes = Oversimplified generalizations about groups Ideologies = Beliefs reflecting dominant interests Signup and view all the answers

Match the key thinker with their contribution to critical theory:

Theodor Adorno = Critiques of culture industry and capitalist ideologies Jürgen Habermas = Concept of the public sphere Stuart Hall = Encoding and decoding model of communication Max Horkheimer = Critique of capitalist systems and social inequalities Signup and view all the answers

Match the encoding/decoding positions from Stuart Hall with the core attribute:

Encoding = Producers construct the message Decoding = Audiences interpret the message Dominant-Hegemonic Position = Aligning with the intended message Oppositional Position = Actively rejecting the intended message Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with the description associated with audience decoding for encoding/decoding model according to Stuart Hall:

Encoding = Background, meaning construction Decoding = Sense making with social context Negotiated Position = Engagement, critiques, acceptance and rejections Oppositional Position = Rejecting the intended message, challenging narratives Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist with their contribution to muted group theory:

Edwin Ardener = Identified challenges women face in communication Shirley Ardener = Challenges with dominant communication systems and power dynamics Cheris Kramarae = Power dynamics and suppression of marginalized voices Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw = Intersectional oppression Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its description in feminist theory:

Dominant and Muted Groups = Power and influence within a society Malestreaming = Dominance of male perspectives in communication Mutedness = Struggle to express thoughts freely Gatekeeping = Control over information and communication channels Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with a description from the area of marginalized group theories:

Muted Group Theory = Language reinforces social hierarchies Political Intersectionality = Intersecting identities and political systems Representational Intersectionality = Oppressive stereotypes in media Structural Intersectionality = Intersection of multiple identities Signup and view all the answers

Match the theory with description in feminist inquiry and social epistemology:

Inversion Thesis = Knowledge authority to marginalized individuals Situated Knowledge Thesis = Knowledge influenced by social factors Standpoint Theory = Positionality of lived experie Strong Objectivity = Enhances objectivity for researchers Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with an example of it from the text:

Critical Tradition = Exploring dominant and marginalized voices through reflective discourse. Decolonization = The movement to undo colonial legacies in media. Postmodernism = Challenging established norms and emphasizing varied interpretations. Theory = A framework explaining phenomena. Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with a description that involves an action within communication studies as mentioned in the text:

Communication = Conveying information, ideas, or feelings. Power Relations = Solidifying power structures during interactions. Media Literacy = Critically analyzing and navigating media messages. Rhetoric = Speaking persuasively in a public area. Signup and view all the answers

Match a theorist with their conceptual contribution:

Aristotle = Defining the art of persuasion. Erving Goffman = Dramaturgy for social interactions. Donna Haraway = Work on cyborg theory and feminist technoscience. George Herbert Mead = Exploring the role of symbols in self-formation. Signup and view all the answers

Match the canon of rhetoric with the term that best describes it:

Style = Language Delivery = Expression Memory = Memorization Invention = Discovery Signup and view all the answers

Associate the term of rhetoric with its correct property:

Enthymeme = Missing premise Logos = Logical arguments Pathos = Leveraging emotions Ethos = Cultivating trust Signup and view all the answers

Identify the contribution that involves communications with a theorist listed:

Theodor Adorno = Role of mass media. Stuart Hall = Encoding & decoding model. Cheris Kramarae = Muted Group Theory. George Herbert Mead = Symbolic Interactionism. Signup and view all the answers

Match the term from rhetoric with the field it relates to:

Aristotle = Philosophy Cicero = Roman rhetoric Kenneth Burke = Cultural rhetoric Richard Petty = Social psychology Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist with a tradition within communications:

Habermas = Critical tradition Mead = Sociocultural tradition Saussure = Semiotic tradition Cooley = Sociopsychological tradition Signup and view all the answers

Match the theorist with a school of thought related to communications:

Adorno = Frankfurt School Hall = Cultural Studies Harding = Feminist Empiricism Blumer = Symbolic Interactionism Signup and view all the answers

Relate the communicative process with an associated explanation:

Encoding = Producers organize media messages. Decoding = Audiences interpret the message. Mythic Meaning = Cultural assumptions and worldviews. Discourse = Communication reflects ideological positions. Signup and view all the answers

Pair the canon of rhetoric with its description:

Memory = Memorization of structure and points. Invention = Discovery of topics and arguments. Style = Artful use of language. Arrangement = Organization of arguments. Signup and view all the answers

Relate the concept with the field it involves.

Cybernetic Tradition = Information processing Critical Tradition = Influence of discourse Semiotic Tradition = Shared meaning Sociopsychological Tradition = Human psychological processes Signup and view all the answers

Relate elements of social theory to the theorist:

Erving Goffman = Dramaturgy Charles H. Cooley = Looking-glass self Dorothy Smith = Importance of women’s experiences Jürgen Habermas = Public sphere Signup and view all the answers

Decide which action relates to media literacy associated with communications theories:

Media Literacy = Analyzing media messages Communication = conveying messages socially Ethos = Speaker's credibility Gatekeeping = control of information Signup and view all the answers

Pick the type of communications that fits in the school of thought mentioned.

Semiotic Tradition = Shared meaning through symbols Postmodernism = Relativity of truth Sociocultural Tradition = Shaping social orders Rhetorical Tradition = Art of discourse Signup and view all the answers

Consider the theorist associated, what school of thought does the mentioned social theorist belong to?

Ferdinand de Saussure = Semiotics George Herbert Mead = Symbolic interactionism Theodor Adorno = Frankfurt School Donna Haraway = Feminist Technoscience Signup and view all the answers

Match the critical position, related to decoding, for a media text with a behaviour:

Negotiated Position = Engaging with the message critically. Encoding Position = Producers organizing the message. Dominant Position = Aligning with the intended message. Oppositional Position = Actively resisting the message. Signup and view all the answers

Understand the application of the process with communications:

Looking-Glass Self = Self concept through perceptions. Malestreaming = Dominance of male perspectives. Gatekeeping = Controlling information. Decoding = Audiences sense making. Signup and view all the answers

Match the appropriate term based on description from the text related to encoding/decoding:

Connotative = Cultural and personal interpretation. Encoding = Meaning construction. Langue = Language rules and structure. Parole = Application in communications. Signup and view all the answers

Relate a term with the area of studies for the description.

Structural Intersectionality = Social identities’ overlapping impact. Culture Industry = Production of cultural products. Political Intersectionality = Intersection of identities to political systems. Situated Knowledge Thesis = Social factors that influence knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

Considering feminist theory, what aspect relates to the term from the choice?

Black Feminism = Junctures that require understanding injustices faced. Muted Group Theory = Marginalized group struggle. Strong Objectivity = Enhancing reliability in inquiry. Representational Intersectionality = Oppressive portrayals of the group females of colour. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communications

Conveying information, ideas, or feelings between individuals or groups through various channels.

Critical Tradition

Interprets communication as reflective discourse influencing dominant and marginalized voices.