Communication Process and Elements
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies verbal communication?

  • A student writing notes during a lecture.
  • A person nodding in agreement while listening to a speaker.
  • A driver using hand gestures to signal a turn.
  • A friend actively listening and responding to another's concerns. (correct)

In what way does empathetic listening extend beyond sympathetic listening?

  • Sharing personal experiences to create a bond.
  • Expressing sorrow for someone's misfortunes.
  • Offering advice based on one's own emotions.
  • Acknowledging and understanding an individual's deeper feelings. (correct)

According to the content, what is the primary cause of nervousness when speaking?

  • Audience size and demographics.
  • The fear of forgetting one's lines. (correct)
  • Inadequate preparation of speech content.
  • Lack of experience in public speaking.

A doctor maintains professional distance while treating a patient's injury, acknowledging the pain without expressing personal sorrow. Which type of listening is the doctor demonstrating?

<p>Empathetic Listening (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two key components of effective speaking, as described in the content?

<p>Content development and presentation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of having a good storage or retrieval system for one's ideas?

<p>It helps listeners understand the ideas more easily. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the WHPI storage system, what does 'Prove It' entail?

<p>Providing supporting examples, case studies, or statistics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When preparing a presentation, what is the purpose of brainstorming?

<p>Generating and documenting a wide range of ideas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it beneficial to put ideas down on paper during individual brainstorming?

<p>To externalize and organize thoughts effectively. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of elements in the IBC storage system?

<p>Introduction, Body, Conclusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action demonstrates sympathetic listening?

<p>Sharing the speaker's emotions and feelings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the '+ve, -ve, personal touch' storage system, what is the purpose of including a 'personal touch'?

<p>To offer a balanced evaluation based on the positive and negative aspects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next recommended step in the 'what to speak' process, after brainstorming all of your ideas?

<p>Choosing a format to present the speech. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of effective speaking refers to the number of words spoken per minute?

<p>Speed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the guidelines on 'How to Speak', which factor involves using pauses and intonation effectively?

<p>Expression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Time Sequence' storage system involve?

<p>Organizing ideas chronologically from past to present to future. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of non-verbal communication (NVC) within the context of human interaction?

<p>Bodily communication that excludes the use of words and language. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to be cautious when interpreting non-verbal cues, even within your own culture?

<p>Jumping to conclusions about the meaning of non-verbal cues can be misleading. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of improving speech, slowing down the rate of speech primarily contributes to:

<p>Improving clarity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should one do to address challenges in pronunciation?

<p>Consult a dictionary or work with a trainer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST describes the role of punctuation in effective verbal communication?

<p>Punctuation guides the rhythm and pacing of speech through pauses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does familiarity with words contribute to effective communication?

<p>Familiarity with words includes understanding contexts and situations before speaking. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for developing fluency in speech?

<p>Having all other parameters in place. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does expression, in terms of speech, transform ideas and convey feelings?

<p>By converting feelings and ideas into words, pitch, tone and word stress. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vocal features falls under the category of prosodic features in non-verbal communication?

<p>Volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company implements a strict dress code for its employees. From an NVC perspective, what is the MOST likely intention behind this?

<p>To promote a uniform corporate identity to clients and the public. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a conversation, a person consistently avoids eye contact. What could this behavior potentially indicate, according to NVC principles?

<p>Discomfort, deception, or lack of engagement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST exemplifies an 'emblem' within the context of kinesics?

<p>Using a thumbs-up to signal approval. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When someone uses objects like a coat or bag to reserve a seat in a public area, which aspect of non-verbal communication are they engaging in?

<p>Proxemics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the function of 'illustrators' in body language?

<p>To complement and reinforce the spoken message. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST accurate description of 'adapters' in the context of non-verbal communication?

<p>Unconscious behaviors used to manage emotions or stress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Non-Verbal Communication (NVC) contribute to establishing and maintaining personal relationships?

<p>By communicating feelings and emotions, establishing levels of intimacy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can the use of perfumes and deodorants be considered a form of non-verbal communication?

<p>They can convey messages related to social status and personal identity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST important attribute of a competent communicator regarding non-verbal communication?

<p>The ability to recognize and adapt non-verbal cues to different social situations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communication

A process involving a sender and a receiver exchanging information.

Verbal Communication

Communication through spoken or written words, including listening.

Listening

An essential part of verbal communication that involves receiving and interpreting information.

Sympathetic Listening

Listening that shows care and shares feelings with others' experiences.

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Empathetic Listening

Listening that seeks to understand the speaker's feelings deeply; acknowledging emotions.

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Rate of Speech

Slowing down speech promotes clarity and understanding.

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Voice Clarity

The ability to speak audibly and without distortion.

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Content Development

The process of defining what to communicate through brainstorming and format selection.

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Pronunciation

How words are spoken, not always matching their spelling.

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Brainstorming

Generating ideas quickly on paper without judgment, crucial for developing content.

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Presentation Format

The method or style used to present the content after brainstorming.

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Punctuation in Speech

Using pauses to enhance understanding during speech.

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Familiarity with Words

Understanding and using words in new contexts for clarity.

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Fluency

The ability to express ideas easily and quickly.

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Expression

Transforming thoughts and feelings into spoken words.

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Non-Verbal Communication (NVC)

All forms of communication that don't involve words.

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Benefits of unrestricted thought flow

Encourages creativity and open-mindedness in idea generation.

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Comparative evaluation of ideas

Ranking and assessing ideas based on importance and effectiveness.

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Importance of Presentation Format

Organizes ideas for clarity and ease of understanding by the audience.

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Cause of Nervousness

Nervousness primarily stems from the fear of forgetting.

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Good Storage System

A reliable method for retaining and accessing ideas during a presentation.

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IBC Format

A structure for presentations: Introduction, Body, Conclusion.

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WHPI Structure

A format covering What, How, Prove It, and Conclusion in your talk.

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Speed of Speech

The rate of speaking, usually measured in words per minute, can affect clarity.

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NVC

Non-Verbal Communication includes gestures, body language, and other non-verbal cues.

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Prosodic Features

Elements of speech such as volume, pitch, and intonation that convey meaning.

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Kinesics

The study of body movement and gestures as a form of communication.

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Proxemics

The study of how personal space and distance affects communication.

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Haptics

The study of touch as a form of non-verbal communication.

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Complex Messages

Non-verbal codes rarely operate in isolation; they often work with verbal language.

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Affective Function

NVC's role in communicating feelings, emotions, and establishing relationships.

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Emblems

Gestures with specific cultural meanings, like waving.

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Adapters

Unconscious gestures used to relieve stress or boredom.

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Communicative Competence

The ability to use verbal and non-verbal styles effectively in social situations.

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Study Notes

Communication Process and Elements

  • Communication is a process occurring between two or more people, acting as sender and receiver.
  • Communication can be expressed through words (spoken or written), actions (non-verbal), or both.
  • Effective communication involves both speaking and listening.

Communication Process Model

  • Sender: Initiates the communication process.
  • Encoding: Process of converting thoughts into a message.
  • Message: The actual content conveyed.
  • Channel: Medium through which the message is sent.
  • Noise: Any interference disrupting the message (e.g., distractions, background noise).
  • Barrier: An obstacle impeding understanding (e.g., language differences, cultural barriers).
  • Decoding: Process of interpreting the message by the receiver.
  • Receiver: Receives the message.
  • Feedback: Receiver's response to the message, completing the communication loop.

Listening Types

  • Sympathetic Listening: Showing concern for the other person's feelings and sharing their emotions.
  • Empathetic Listening: Going beyond sympathy to understand the other person's feelings and perspectives deeply.

Speaking Components

  • What to Speak:

    • Brainstorming is the first step in content development.
    • Choosing a presentation format/storage system is next.
      • The presentation itself is the final step.

  • How to Speak:

    • Speed (adjust to audience familiarity, speaking rate should suit the topic and audience).

    • Clarity (speak loudly and clearly, avoid distortion).

    • Pronunciation (accuracy matters; English is not phonetic).

    • Familiarity (learn new and use existing vocabulary).

    • Fluency (ability to speak effortlessly).

    • Expression (clearly convey ideas/meaning).

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication (NVC)

  • Nonverbal communication (NVC) includes all communication not involving words (e.g. body language, tone of voice).

Nonverbal Communication Categories

  • Paralanguage: Vocal elements accompanying speech (e.g., tone, pitch, volume).
  • Physical Appearance: Includes clothing, hairstyle, make-up, body language and other visible characteristics.
  • Activity: Includes body movement (kinesics), closeness (proxemics), touching (haptics), eye movement, and scents.
  • Closeness (Proxemics): Study of how we use space and distance during communication.

Relationship Between NVC, Language & Culture

  • Cultural differences significantly impact nonverbal communication interpretation.
  • Recognizing the nuances of nonverbal communication and adapting communication habits is crucial for competent cross-cultural communication.
    • Be mindful of cultural differences (body language).

Functions of Nonverbal Communication

  • Communicating emotions and attitudes: Nonverbal communication often expresses feeling more effectively than words.
  • Replacing and regulating language: Nonverbal cues can supplement or even replace verbal communication (e.g., gestures).
  • Other functions: Includes aspects like self-expression, establishing group membership, persuasion, and reflecting social roles or influence.

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Related Documents

Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication PDF

Description

Understand the communication process: sender, encoding, message, channel, noise, barrier, decoding, receiver, and feedback. Explore effective communication involving speaking and listening. Learn about sympathetic listening and its role in building understanding and rapport.

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