Communication Basics and Processes
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Questions and Answers

What are the primary goals of communication?

  • To generate large amounts of data
  • To express one's needs and establish relationships (correct)
  • To entertain and captivate an audience
  • To memorize information and present it accurately

Which element interferes with the communication process?

  • Decoding
  • Encoding
  • Noise (correct)
  • Channel

In the communication process, what comes after the sender?

  • Receiver
  • Noise
  • Channel
  • Message (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a factor of the source in the communication process?

<p>Channel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered when communication is effective?

<p>Both sender and receiver understand the same information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which channel is NOT a method of conveying information?

<p>Reflecting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does encoding refer to in the communication process?

<p>The design of the message for comprehension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is part of the receiver's characteristics in communication?

<p>Communication Skills (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes the importance of providing accurate information in journalism?

<p>Truthfulness of information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the roles of a Public Relations Specialist?

<p>Generating positive press coverage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is NOT listed as a specialization of communication professionals?

<p>Human Resources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of marketing?

<p>Preparing a product for the marketplace (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle promotes fairness and equality in journalism?

<p>Prohibition of discrimination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an Advertising role typically involve?

<p>Making products known to the audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which job is concerned with analyzing market forces?

<p>Marketing Analyst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one responsibility of a Publicist in the realm of Public Relations?

<p>Developing publicity campaigns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes journalists from bloggers?

<p>Journalists rely on research and external data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function of journalism involves shaping public opinion?

<p>Encouraging decisions and influencing change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the rights of journalists mentioned?

<p>The right to free access to all sources of information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In contrast to journalists, bloggers generally have what type of accountability?

<p>No accountability for their posts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the appeal to facts signify in journalism?

<p>Stories are based on verified evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a journalist's awareness of legal liability indicate?

<p>Commitment to ethical guidelines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a trait of blogging compared to journalism?

<p>Personal views and judgments are prominent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the social roles of journalism?

<p>Connecting people across sectors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit people gain from effective communication?

<p>Information and education (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does age affect communication?

<p>It may influence the communication format or distribution channels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the primary language important in communication?

<p>It is crucial for effective communication. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What communication need is focused on resolving conflicts within organizations?

<p>Encouraging empathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason organizations communicate with others?

<p>To inform and educate the audience (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might a limited literacy audience prefer over written materials?

<p>Oral presentations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered when planning communication materials?

<p>Preferred hobbies of the audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when selecting graphics for communication materials?

<p>The race and ethnicity of the audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of government-wide communication?

<p>To explain government activities and decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of communication ensures beneficiaries receive information about service availability?

<p>Communication relating to benefits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of institutional communication?

<p>To enhance visibility and influence of an organization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of communication do NGOs commonly use to mobilize people around their causes?

<p>Social media campaigns and public demonstrations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of communication is typically involved in the private sector?

<p>Advertising and corporate communications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of government-wide communication?

<p>A press briefing on a new vaccination policy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes communication in schools?

<p>Building relationships and organizing extracurricular activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which campaign is an example of persuasive communication in the private sector?

<p>Coca-Cola's &quot;Share a Coke&quot; campaign (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do applied social sciences play in arts and entertainment?

<p>They reflect a country's culture and society. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of applied social sciences in advocacy and mobilization?

<p>Artistic expression and performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is applied social science important for journalism?

<p>It ensures balanced reporting of events. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of community organizing and mobilization?

<p>Building power within communities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities in advocacy groups involves educating communities about important issues?

<p>Information dissemination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does applied social sciences aid in research for community needs?

<p>By studying social and political dynamics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of training is often provided by advocacy groups?

<p>Successful strategies for personal and community development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field provides essential knowledge for influencing public policy through advocacy?

<p>Political science (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communication

Passing information between people or groups for understanding and agreement.

Communication Goal

The purpose behind communicating, like expressing needs, transferring information, or building relationships.

Communication Process

The steps involved in sending and receiving a message, from the sender encoding it to the receiver decoding it.

Noise (Communication)

Anything that prevents a message from being understood.

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Effective Communication

When both the sender and receiver understand the message the same way.

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Encoding

Turning an idea into a message; getting a message ready for the receiver.

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Communication Channel

The method used to send a message (e.g., speaking, writing).

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Berlo's SMCR Model

A communication model (Source, Message, Channel, Receiver) that shows the key parts of communication.

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Journalist vs. Blogger

Journalists are trained professionals with degrees, aiming for objectivity and factual reporting. Bloggers are individuals with varied backgrounds, often biased and opinion-based.

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Journalism's Function: Information

Journalism's primary role is to provide accurate and important news and facts to the public.

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Journalism's Function: Public Awareness

Journalism helps increase public understanding of issues and events.

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Journalist's Role: Investigating

Journalists research and investigate topics to understand complex issues.

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Journalist's Responsibility: Accountability

Journalists are accountable for their reporting and must follow legal and ethical standards.

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Journalist's Responsibility: Fact-Based Reporting

Journalists are expected to base their content on verified facts and evidence.

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Blogger's Characteristics

Bloggers are often biased, opinionated, and lacking formal training, and their content isn't always verifiable.

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Journalism's Role: Public Opinion

Journalism aims to shape public discourse and encourage discussion on important issues.

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Journalist's Ethics

Principles of professional conduct expected of journalists, such as truthfulness, clarity, and respecting sources.

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Public Relations Goal

To manage information flow between organizations or individuals and the public.

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Public Relations Specialist

A professional responsible for shaping and protecting a company's image by interacting with media and generating positive press.

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Publicist

A professional focused on promoting clients and their brands to the press and audience.

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Marketing vs. Advertising

Marketing prepares a product for the market. Advertising communicates about the product to the audience.

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Marketing Analyst Role

Analyzing market data to help companies decide what to sell, to whom, and at what price.

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Marketing Specialist Role

Developing new marketing strategies and campaigns based on market analysis.

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Social Media Manager

Manages a company's social media marketing campaigns.

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Why do people communicate?

People communicate to share information, get guidance, build relationships, and form their identity.

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Benefits of Communication

Communication provides information, guidance, advice, promotes socialization and relaxation, helps with identity formation, provides security, and builds relationships.

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Organizations communicate to...

Organizations communicate to inform their audience, build understanding, resolve conflicts, present ideas, and reduce barriers between groups.

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Building understanding

Organizations communicate to encourage positive change in their audience, like encouraging healthy habits.

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Resolving conflicts

Empathy and clear communication can prevent conflicts by addressing misunderstandings within an organization.

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Presenting an idea

Organizations need to present ideas effectively, using the appropriate communication methods and style.

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Lowering barriers

Effective communication is crucial for breaking down prejudices and discrimination between groups.

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Communication and Community

Communication plays a crucial role in building and maintaining communities by sharing information, promoting collaboration, and fostering a sense of belonging.

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Government-wide Communication

Communication that aims to explain government actions and decisions to the public, using methods like speeches, press releases, and reports.

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Communication Relating to Benefits

Communication used to inform people about government services and benefits, including how to apply and eligibility criteria.

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Institutional Communication

Communication focused on building a strong and consistent image for an organization, highlighting its values and activities.

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Communication in Civil Society

How non-profit organizations (NGOs) communicate their causes to the public, using social media, protests, and advocacy materials.

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Communication in the Private Sector

Business communication that uses advertising, public relations, and social media to reach customers.

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Schools Communication

Communication involving academics, extracurricular activities, and relationships between students, parents, and teachers.

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Coca-Cola Advertising Campaigns

Coca-Cola uses advertisements to create emotional connections and encourage consumer engagement.

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Greenpeace Communication

Greenpeace uses powerful visual campaigns, social media, and public protests to raise awareness about environmental issues.

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Arts and Entertainment's Reflection

Arts and entertainment forms show a country's culture and society.

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Understanding Trends in Arts

To analyze changes in arts and entertainment, we need to know the people's social and cultural context.

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News's Role in Truth

Journalism focuses on giving a fair, objective, and accurate picture of important events.

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Social Science in Journalism

Applied social science gives journalists skills for writing and reporting news accurately and objectively.

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Advocacy Groups: Shaping Policies

Groups advocating for public issues educate people and try to influence policy development.

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Social Science in Advocacy

Applied social science is important for advocacy work because it studies politics, governance, and social dynamics.

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Advocacy Activities

Advocacy activities include community organizing, information sharing, research, and training.

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Knowledge Needed for Advocacy

All advocacy efforts require knowledge of applied social sciences.

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Study Notes

Communication

  • Communication is the mutual understanding and confident exchange of information between people or groups. Without communication, misunderstanding can lead to chaos.
  • Goals of communication include expressing needs and wants, transferring information, strengthening social relationships, facilitating social etiquette, helping those with differing viewpoints understand each other, transferring emotions/thoughts, and changing behavior/developing a career.
  • The primary goal is to send and receive information, leading to understanding.

Communication Process

  • Key elements of communication include: Sender, Encoding, Message (including noise), Channel (including noise), Receiver, Decoding.
  • Noise is anything that interferes with the communication process between the speaker and the audience.

Berlo's SMCR Model

  • Source (speaker) encodes messages.
  • Message is sent through a channel.
  • Receiver decodes the message.
  • Key elements of the source include communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, social systems, and culture.
  • Key elements of the message include context and its individual elements.
  • Key elements of the channel include different methods of communication such as hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, and tasting.
  • Key elements of the receiver include understanding the message based on communication skills, attitudes, knowledge,social system, and culture.

Effective Communication

  • Effective communication occurs when both the source and receiver understand the same information.
  • Principles of effective communication (7 C's): Clarity, Conciseness, Correctness, Concreteness, Courtesy, Coherence, and Confidence.

Levels of Communication

  • Intrapersonal (self-talk)
  • Interpersonal (between two people)
  • Small Group
  • Public
  • Mass

Media Communication

  • Computer-mediated/mobile-mediated communication is the use of computer and mobile devices to communicate with others online.
  • Mass communication is a form of communication that relays information to many people via print or digital media.

Journalism vs. Blogger

  • Journalists have specific educational requirements and are expected to be objective, non-debatable, and rely on facts, while bloggers often lack these credentials and can be subjective, debatable, and reliant on opinion.

Journalism Functions

  • Journalism's purpose is to inform, enhance public awareness, explain how society functions, influence change and shape opinion, develop economics, and perform a social role.

Rights and Responsibilities

  • The right to free access to information.
  • The right to investigate stories of public interest.
  • Protecting the identity and confidentiality of sources.
  • The right to publish stories without fear of punishment.

Communication in Different Settings (e.g. Government, Public Relations, Marketing)

  • Public Relations: Creating and influencing a positive image of the organization.
  • Public relations and communication in organizations is the effort to manage information shared between the organization and the public. Public relations can involve exposure to topics and information of community interest without having to pay for this exposure.
  • Marketing/Advertising: Communicating product and service information to audiences.
  • Marketing: Making a product or service ready for the marketplace. This involves preparing a product for a market and promoting it to audiences.
  • Advertising: The act of communicating products and services to target audiences. It is a step in the overall marketing process.
  • Government: Communication of policies, decisions, and actions to the public; transparency.

Audience Characteristics and Communication

  • Audience includes readers, listeners, viewers, and users of media.
  • Effective communication considers audience characteristics (position, education level, age, race, ethnicity, primary language) and adjusts the message accordingly (e.g., simple language for low-literacy audiences, diverse media approaches for various demographics).

Communication Tools and Technologies

  • Different tools and technologies are used in communication, including print materials (newspapers, reports), non-print materials (audio-visual materials), and digital technologies (phones, computers).

Communication in Society

  • Advocacy and mobilization
  • Education
  • Arts and entertainment
  • News and information

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamentals of communication, including its goals and the essential elements involved in the communication process. Learn about the Berlo's SMCR model and how various factors like noise can impact understanding. Test your knowledge on effective communication techniques.

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