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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is the 3rd most common cause of unintentional injury in children aged 5 to 14 years old?
What is the 3rd most common cause of unintentional injury in children aged 5 to 14 years old?
- Cerebral palsy
- Child abuse
- Poisoning
- Burns (correct)
Which type of burns are caused by strong acids, alkalis, detergents, or solvents?
Which type of burns are caused by strong acids, alkalis, detergents, or solvents?
- Thermal burns
- Radiation burns
- Chemical burns (correct)
- Electrical burns
What is the second greatest cause of unintentional injury in children aged 1-4 years old?
What is the second greatest cause of unintentional injury in children aged 1-4 years old?
- Burns (correct)
- Poisoning
- Child abuse
- Cerebral palsy
What is the main characteristic of fine motor development in toddlers?
What is the main characteristic of fine motor development in toddlers?
Which type of burns are caused by external heat sources like hot metals, scalding liquids, steam, and flames?
Which type of burns are caused by external heat sources like hot metals, scalding liquids, steam, and flames?
What is a common injury type associated with drowning and aspiration in toddlers?
What is a common injury type associated with drowning and aspiration in toddlers?
Which treatment is appropriate for lead levels between 10-20 µg/100ml?
Which treatment is appropriate for lead levels between 10-20 µg/100ml?
What should not be given to patients with peanuts allergy or G6PD deficiency?
What should not be given to patients with peanuts allergy or G6PD deficiency?
Which theory of Child Maltreatment focuses on the parent's potential to maltreat a child?
Which theory of Child Maltreatment focuses on the parent's potential to maltreat a child?
What type of injury characterizes Child Maltreatment as involving physical, emotional, or psychological harm?
What type of injury characterizes Child Maltreatment as involving physical, emotional, or psychological harm?
Who are considered mandatory reporters for reporting suspected Child maltreatment?
Who are considered mandatory reporters for reporting suspected Child maltreatment?
What is the first step in managing poisoning at home?
What is the first step in managing poisoning at home?
What are the signs that a child has ingested acetaminophen?
What are the signs that a child has ingested acetaminophen?
What should be avoided when a child has ingested a caustic substance?
What should be avoided when a child has ingested a caustic substance?
What are the side effects of administering activated charcoal?
What are the side effects of administering activated charcoal?
What is the antidote for acetaminophen poisoning?
What is the antidote for acetaminophen poisoning?
What are the usual agents ingested in poisoning incidents?
What are the usual agents ingested in poisoning incidents?
Which of the following is a sign of psychological maltreatment in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is a sign of psychological maltreatment in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is not an indicator of physical abuse in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is not an indicator of physical abuse in child maltreatment?
What is the term for a parent who repeatedly brings a child to a health care facility and reports symptoms when the child is well?
What is the term for a parent who repeatedly brings a child to a health care facility and reports symptoms when the child is well?
Which of the following is an indicator of sexual maltreatment in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is an indicator of sexual maltreatment in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is a sign of physical neglect in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is a sign of physical neglect in child maltreatment?
Which of the following is not a recommended step in addressing child maltreatment?
Which of the following is not a recommended step in addressing child maltreatment?
Which degree of burn involves the epidermis and full extent of dermis, and may require skin grafting?
Which degree of burn involves the epidermis and full extent of dermis, and may require skin grafting?
What is a common cause of fourth degree burns?
What is a common cause of fourth degree burns?
Which burn assessment tool is used to calculate the TBSA (Total Body Surface Area) for children?
Which burn assessment tool is used to calculate the TBSA (Total Body Surface Area) for children?
What is the most common complication of a second-degree burn?
What is the most common complication of a second-degree burn?
Which of the following is not a component of the Burns Assessment approach?
Which of the following is not a component of the Burns Assessment approach?
What is the characteristic appearance of a first-degree burn?
What is the characteristic appearance of a first-degree burn?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Rule of 9s
Rule of 9s
Method to estimate Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) affected by burns, especially in adults.
First Degree Burn
First Degree Burn
A burn affecting only the epidermis, appearing red and dry without blisters, and heals in 1-10 days.
Second Degree Burn
Second Degree Burn
A burn involving the epidermis and part of the dermis, appearing red and blistered, usually very painful, and heals in 2-6 weeks.
Third Degree Burn
Third Degree Burn
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Fourth Degree Burn
Fourth Degree Burn
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Mandatory Reporters
Mandatory Reporters
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Permissive Reporters
Permissive Reporters
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Shaken Baby Syndrome
Shaken Baby Syndrome
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Physical Neglect
Physical Neglect
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Psychological Maltreatment
Psychological Maltreatment
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Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
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Implementation (Child Maltreatment)
Implementation (Child Maltreatment)
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Gross Motor (Toddler)
Gross Motor (Toddler)
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Fine Motor (Toddler)
Fine Motor (Toddler)
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Burns Assessment
- Airway, Breathing: beware of inhalation and rapid airway compromise
- Circulation: fluid replacement
- Disability: compartment syndrome
- Exposure: percentage area of burn
Rule of 9s (Adults)
- A method to calculate the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) affected by burns
Classification and Description of Burns
First Degree/Superficial Thickness
- Affects only the epidermis, or outer layer of skin
- Appears red, dry, and with no blisters
- Feels mildly painful
- Heals 1-10 days by simple regeneration
- Common cause: Sunburn
Second Degree/Partial Thickness
- Involves the epidermis and part of the dermis layer of skin
- Appears red, blistered, and may be swollen
- Very painful
- Heals over 2-6 weeks by tissue regeneration
- Common cause: Scalding
Third Degree/Full Thickness
- Involves the epidermis and full extent of dermis and may go into the subcutaneous tissue
- Appears white or charred and lacks sensation because the nerve endings are destroyed
- Skin grafting is usually necessary, healing takes months
- Scar tissue will cover the final healed site
- Common cause: Flames
Fourth Degree
- Full thickness burn extending into muscle and bone
- Skin grafting is necessary
- Muscle and bone may be permanently damaged
Lead Poisoning Treatment
- Lead levels >10-20 µg/100ml: prescribed dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) or succimer
- Lead levels >45µg/100ml: treated with Dimercaprol (BAL) or edetate calcium disodium (CaEDTA)
- ❖Don't give BAL to patients with peanuts allergy or G6PD deficiency
Child Maltreatment
- Willful injury by one person to another
- May be physical, emotional, or psychological, neglect, and sexual maltreatment
Theories of Child Maltreatment
1. Special Parent
- A parent has the potential to maltreat a child
- History of mental illness (10%)
- Maltreated as children
- Unfamiliar with Normal G&D
- Socially isolated
- Substance abuse
2. Special Child
- Children who are maltreated
- Parent views child as different
- Birth anomaly
3. Special Circumstance
- Stress
Child Maltreatment Reporting
- Mandatory reporters: professionals who are mandated by law to report child maltreatment
- Permissive reporters: encouraged to report suspected child abuse but are not required by law
Physical Abuse Indicators
- Bruises
- Burns
- Head injuries
- Eye injuries
- Mouth injuries
- Human bites
- Chunks of hair pulled off the scalp
- Repetitive accidents
- Multiple wound or fracture at different stages of healing
Shaken Baby Syndrome
- Repetitive violent shaking of a small infant by the arms or shoulders
- Causing a whiplash injury to the neck, edema of brainstem or possibly subdural or retinal hemorrhage
Physical Neglect
- Child is unwashed
- Thin and malnourished
- Dressed inappropriately
- Failure to bring child to seek early medical help
- Not requiring a child to attend school without setting up a home school
Psychological Maltreatment
- Constant belittling, threatening, rejecting, isolating, or exploiting a child
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
- Refers to a parent who repeatedly brings a child to a health care facility and reports symptoms and illness when the child is well
Sexual Maltreatment Indicators
- Difficulty walking or sitting
- Gross evidence of trauma in the genitalia, oral, or anal regions
- STI
- Pregnancy
- Weight loss
Implementation
- Protect the child from further injury or neglect
- Make sure that the child is free from further harm
- Remove the child from the abusive environment
Health Problems Common in Toddlers
- Burns
- Poisoning
- Child Abuse
- Cerebral Palsy
Toddler Development
1. Gross Motor
- Walking
- Running
- Climbing
2. Fine Motor
- Feeding themselves
- Drawing
3. Sensory/Cognitive
- Seeing
- Hearing
- Tasting
- Touching
- Smelling
4. Language/Communication (Speech)
- Saying single words
- Then sentences
5. Social/Emotional
- Playing with others
- Taking turns
- Doing fantasy play
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