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Questions and Answers
Which condition is characterized by involuntary nodding movements?
Which condition is characterized by involuntary nodding movements?
What type of hearing loss results from damage to the inner ear?
What type of hearing loss results from damage to the inner ear?
Which disorder is defined by a 'mask-like' face?
Which disorder is defined by a 'mask-like' face?
What causes 'swimmer's ear'?
What causes 'swimmer's ear'?
What type of sound is produced by a lung filled with air?
What type of sound is produced by a lung filled with air?
What is the correct term for the thudlike sound produced by dense tissue like the liver?
What is the correct term for the thudlike sound produced by dense tissue like the liver?
What eye condition involves the loss of elasticity of the lens, resulting in the inability to see close objectives?
What eye condition involves the loss of elasticity of the lens, resulting in the inability to see close objectives?
Which eye condition is characterized by the uneven curvature of the cornea, causing horizontal and vertical rays to not focus on the retina?
Which eye condition is characterized by the uneven curvature of the cornea, causing horizontal and vertical rays to not focus on the retina?
What term is used to describe an outward turn of the eye?
What term is used to describe an outward turn of the eye?
Which eye condition is associated with redness, swelling, and tenderness of hair follicles and glands?
Which eye condition is associated with redness, swelling, and tenderness of hair follicles and glands?
What eye condition results from an injury causing red blood in the eye?
What eye condition results from an injury causing red blood in the eye?
Which eye disorder is characterized by involuntary movement of the eyes when assessing different positions?
Which eye disorder is characterized by involuntary movement of the eyes when assessing different positions?
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Study Notes
Eye Disorders
- Hypopyon: accumulation of white blood cells in the anterior chamber
- Visual acuity: the degree of detail the eye can discern in an image
- Visual fields: the area an individual can see when looking straight ahead
Neurological Disorders
- Trigeminal neuralgia: sharp, shooting, piercing facial pains that last from seconds to minutes, occurring over the divisions of the fifth trigeminal cranial nerve
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI): results from a bump, jolt, blow, or penetrating injury to the head
- Parkinson's disease: characterized by a "mask-like" face
Face and Head Disorders
- Nephrotic syndrome: pale, swollen face
- Cachexia: "sunken" face
- TMJ syndrome: limited range of motion, swelling, tenderness, and crepitation
- Cererebrovascular accident (CVA): drooping, weakness, or paralysis on one side
- Aortic insufficiency: involuntary nodding movement
- Neurological disorders: horizontal jerking movement
Hearing Disorders
- Conductive hearing loss: interrupted transmission of sound waves through the outer and middle ear structures
- Sensorineural hearing loss: damage to the inner ear, auditory nerve, or hearing center in the brain
- Mixed hearing loss: combination of conduction and sensorineural loss
- Otorrhea: drainage
- Orolgia: earache
- Otitis externa: "swimmer's ear" caused by fungal infection
- Otitis media: collection of fluid in the ear
- Tinnitus: ringing of the ears due to excessive earwax
- Vertigo: true spinning motion associated with inner ear problem
- Otosclerosis: fusion of ossicles in the middle ear over time
- Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder: damage to the inner ear or hearing nerve, sound is not organized in a way the brain can understand
- Congenital hearing loss: associated with maternal rubella, syphilis, or certain infections during pregnancy
- Acquired hearing loss: infectious diseases such as meningitis, measles, and mumps
- Temporary hearing loss: due to allergies, blocked eustachian tubes, wax build-up, etc.
- Age-related hearing loss: "presbycusis" caused by changes in the nerves or cells of the inner ear
- Microtia: external ear or ear canal not fully developed
- Macrotia: excessive enlargement of the external ear
Examination Techniques
- Percussion: produces different sounds depending on the underlying tissue
- Dullness: thud-like sound produced by dense tissue such as the liver, spleen, or heart
- Resonance: hollow sound produced by lungs filled with air
- Hyperresonance: booming sound heard over an emphysematous lung
- Tympany: musical or drumlike sound produced by an air-filled stomach
- Flatness: extremely dull sound produced by very dense tissue, such as muscle or bone
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