Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of leaves in plants?
Which type of root is characterized by a single, thick structure that penetrates deep into the soil?
What is the main function of stems in plants?
What type of stem is typically found in trees and shrubs?
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Which function is NOT typically performed by roots?
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What are cereal crops primarily grown for?
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Which of the following is considered a root and tuber crop?
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What is the primary use of sugar crops?
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Vegetable crops are important because they provide which of the following?
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How are food crops categorized?
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Study Notes
Learning Outcomes
- Identify five major crops in the Philippines.
- Provide examples of commercial food crops in the Philippines.
- Describe parts of plants and their functions.
- Explain the importance of plants in ecosystems.
Types of Commercial Food Crops
- Food Crops: Cultivated primarily for human consumption, providing essential nutrients and energy.
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Major Food Crop Categories:
- Cereal Crops: Edible seeds or grains, staple foods rich in carbohydrates.
- Root and Tuber Crops: Underground parts rich in carbohydrates and essential nutrients.
- Sugar Crops: Grown for high sugar content, processed into sugar or ethanol.
- Vegetable Crops: Edible plant parts like leaves and stems, important for vitamins and minerals.
- Fruit Crops: Grown for fruits, consumed raw or used in cooking, rich in vitamins and natural sugars.
Plant Structure and Functions
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Roots:
- Functions: Anchorage, absorption of water/nutrients, storage.
- Types: Taproot (e.g., carrots) and fibrous root (e.g., grasses).
- Special Adaptations: Adventitious roots and prop roots provide additional support.
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Stems:
- Functions: Support leaves/flowers/fruits, transport nutrients/water, storage.
- Types: Herbaceous (soft, non-woody) and woody (hard, rigid).
- Special Adaptations: Succulent stems for water storage, climbing stems for support.
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Leaves:
- Functions: Photosynthesis, gas exchange, transpiration.
- Parts: Blade (photosynthesis site), petiole (connects blade to stem), veins (transport).
- Special Adaptations: Needles for water conservation, tendrils for climbing.
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Flowers:
- Functions: Facilitate reproduction, attract pollinators.
- Parts: Petals (attract pollinators), sepals (protect flower bud), stamens (male parts), pistils (female parts).
- Special Adaptations: Composite flowers and pollinator-specific adaptations.
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Fruits:
- Functions: Protect and disperse seeds.
- Types: Fleshy (e.g., apples) and dry fruits (e.g., nuts).
- Special Adaptations: Drupes (single seed) and berries (multiple seeds).
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Seeds:
- Functions: Contain the embryo, store nutrients, protection from damage.
- Parts: Seed coat (protective layer), embryo (future plant), cotyledons (nutrient providers).
- Special Adaptations: Wind and water dispersal mechanisms.
Summary of Plant Parts and Functions
- Roots: Anchorage, nutrient absorption, energy storage.
- Stems: Support and transport system for nutrients and water.
- Leaves: Photosynthesis site, gas exchange, transpiration.
- Flowers: Reproductive organs that attract pollinators.
- Fruits: Protect and assist in dispersing seeds.
- Seeds: Contain developing plant and nutrient storage.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the five major crops in the Philippines and their importance in the ecosystem. Students will be able to identify various commercial food crops and explain the parts of plants and their functions. Test your knowledge on the role of these crops in agriculture and society.
