Coma: Definition, Diagnosis, and Treatment

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Questions and Answers

What is a common symptom of Stage III of renal coma?

  • Headache
  • Violent behavior (correct)
  • Muscle twitches
  • Diarrhea

What is the primary cause of dialysis disequilibrium syndrome?

  • Rapid changes in blood pressure
  • Electrolyte disturbances
  • Rapid osmotic shift of water into the brain (correct)
  • Metabolic acidosis

Which of the following is a characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis?

  • Rapid onset with late development of coma
  • Subacute onset with late development of coma (correct)
  • Subacute onset with early development of coma
  • Rapid onset with early development of coma

What is the typical breathing pattern of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis?

<p>Rapid and shallow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is more common in the elderly?

<p>Hyperglycaemic non-ketotic diabetic coma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic test for renal coma?

<p>Blood urea level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of profound cellular dehydration?

<p>Cerebral venous thrombosis contributing to disturbance of consciousness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what blood sugar level do symptoms of hypoglycaemic coma typically appear?

<p>Less than 55 mg/dl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the onset of hypoglycaemic coma?

<p>Much more rapid onset (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common neurological finding in patients with hypoglycaemic coma?

<p>Extensor plantar responses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential sequela of inadequately treated hypoglycaemia?

<p>Both A and B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain is particularly affected by hypoglycaemia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a person in a coma?

<p>They fail to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, or sound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

<p>To assess the severity of coma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signs is NOT indicative of lateralization in a comatose patient?

<p>Bilateral convulsions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the clinical approach to a comatose patient?

<p>To identify the underlying cause of coma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely underlying cause of coma in a patient with liver failure and portosystemic shunting?

<p>Hepatic encephalopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of toxicologic screening in a comatose patient?

<p>To identify potential toxic substances contributing to coma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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