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Questions and Answers
What is the primary effect of filgrastim on neutrophils?
What is the primary effect of filgrastim on neutrophils?
Which monitoring parameter is specifically recommended during sargramostim infusion?
Which monitoring parameter is specifically recommended during sargramostim infusion?
What symptoms should a patient receiving filgrastim be instructed to report immediately?
What symptoms should a patient receiving filgrastim be instructed to report immediately?
What potential reaction is specifically monitored for during the first dose of sargramostim?
What potential reaction is specifically monitored for during the first dose of sargramostim?
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What condition is associated with filgrastim that requires careful monitoring?
What condition is associated with filgrastim that requires careful monitoring?
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What is a key monitoring priority when administering filgrastim?
What is a key monitoring priority when administering filgrastim?
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Which of the following actions is important after administering sargramostim?
Which of the following actions is important after administering sargramostim?
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What symptom indicates the need for immediate notification to the healthcare provider in a patient receiving filgrastim?
What symptom indicates the need for immediate notification to the healthcare provider in a patient receiving filgrastim?
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What effect does sargramostim have on granulocytes?
What effect does sargramostim have on granulocytes?
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What monitoring finding is particularly essential for patients receiving filgrastim?
What monitoring finding is particularly essential for patients receiving filgrastim?
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Study Notes
Colony-Stimulating Factors
- Filgrastim (Granix, Neupogen) and Sargramostim (Leukine) are examples of colony-stimulating factors.
- Filgrastim stimulates the production of neutrophils, leading to faster recovery and reduced fever in patients undergoing chemotherapy for AML.
- Sargramostim stimulates the production of granulocytes, helping patients with AML recover faster and reducing their risk of infection after bone marrow transplantation.
- Monitor CBC regularly in patients receiving these drugs.
- Monitor vital signs closely during and after sargramostim infusions, especially for signs of allergic reactions.
- First-dose reaction with sargramostim can include flushing, hypotension, syncope, and weakness.
- Filgrastim can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, indicated by fever, lung infiltrates, and respiratory distress.
- Monitor for splenic enlargement or rupture in patients taking filgrastim, as it can cause left upper abdominal or shoulder pain.
- Inform patients to report any symptoms of splenic enlargement or rupture, allergic reaction, respiratory distress, swelling of ankles or face, decreased urine production, dark-colored urine, blood in urine, or redness or purple spots on the skin while taking filgrastim.
- Instruct patients taking sargramostim to report any instances of dyspnea or palpitations.
Colony-Stimulating Factors
- Filgrastim (Granix, Neupogen) and Sargramostim (Leukine) are drug examples of colony-stimulating factors.
- Filgrastim works by stimulating the division and differentiation of immature neutrophils and activating mature neutrophils, which helps speed up neutrophil recovery and shorten fever duration in patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
- Sargramostim works by stimulating the production, division, differentiation, and activation of granulocytes. This helps treat AML, reduces infection risk, and accelerates recovery time following bone marrow transplantation (both allogeneic and autologous).
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Close monitoring is essential for patients receiving these medications, including:
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory status, particularly during and immediately after sargramostim infusion
- Allergic reactions with filgrastim, such as rash, urticaria, wheezing, dyspnea, facial edema, hypotension, and tachycardia
- First-dose reaction with sargramostim, including flushing, hypotension, syncope, and weakness
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with filgrastim, characterized by fever, lung infiltrates, and respiratory distress
- Splenic enlargement or rupture with filgrastim, presenting as left upper abdominal or shoulder pain
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Patient education is crucial for patients taking these medications:
- Instruct patients receiving filgrastim to immediately report any symptoms of spleen enlargement or rupture, allergic reaction, respiratory distress, swelling of ankles or face, decreased urine production, dark-colored urine, blood in urine, or redness or purple spots on the skin.
- Instruct patients receiving sargramostim to immediately report any symptoms of dyspnea or palpitations.
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Description
This quiz focuses on colony-stimulating factors like Filgrastim and Sargramostim, crucial in the treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Test your understanding of their mechanisms, monitoring requirements, and potential side effects as part of chemotherapy protocols.
