10 Questions
What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune response?
To facilitate cell-to-cell communication and coordinate immune responses
What is the term used to describe the proteins involved in cell-to-cell communication during immune responses?
Cytokines
What is the primary mechanism by which cytokines exert their effects on immune cells?
Through the release of chemical signals
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cytokines?
They are always pro-inflammatory
What is the term used to describe the process by which cytokines facilitate the interaction between immune cells?
Cytokine-mediated signaling
Which of the following cytokines is involved in the regulation of inflammation?
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha
What is the primary function of cytokines in the adaptive immune response?
To facilitate cell-to-cell communication and coordinate immune responses
Which of the following is an example of a cytokine?
Interleukin-1
What is the term used to describe the study of cytokines and their role in the immune response?
Cytokine biology
Which of the following is NOT a type of cytokine?
Hormone
Study Notes
Cytokines and Innate Immunity
- Cytokines are categorised into three main functions: Innate Immunity, Adaptive Immunity, and Hematopoiesis
- Cytokines that mediate and regulate Innate Immunity include:
- Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)
- IL-1
- IL-6
- Chemokines
- Type I IFNs
- IL-12
- IL-15
- IL-18
- Mononuclear phagocytes are the principal source of cytokines for Innate Immunity
- Proinflammatory cytokines play a crucial role in Active recruitment of cells to the sites of infection, recognition of microbes, phagocytosis, and destruction
Cytokines and T-cell Biology
- The three elemental R's of T-cell biology are:
- Repertoire of clones
- Recognition phase
- Response phase
- Recognition of processed antigens involves peptide-MHC binding
- Cytokine production is a principal response of T cells to antigen recognition
- The response phase involves activation and effector phases, with TH1 cytokines (IFN-γ) playing a key role in the effector phase
Cytokine Classification
- Cytokines can be classified into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines based on their biological responses
- Cytokines mediate complex interactions among cells, including cell-to-cell communication
This quiz covers the biological functions of cytokines, including colony stimulating factors, and their role in regulating innate immunity. It explores the different categories of cytokines and their effects on the immune system.
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