Colonial Rivalries in North America
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Questions and Answers

What were the two main reasons why France and Great Britain wanted to control the fur trade and expand their territories in North America?

To control the fur trade and expand their territories.

Why did France and England fight each other in four wars during the 17th and 18th centuries?

They fought each other in four wars due to competing territorial claims and control of the fur trade.

In 1689, England and many other European nations formed an alliance and declared war against France to end France's territorial expansion in Europe.

They formed an alliance and declared war against France.

Who were the main combatants in the first Intercolonial War, and what did they do?

<p>The main combatants were France, the mother country, and Native allies who attacked the Thirteen Colonies using guerrilla warfare, and England and its colonies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened in the Peace Treaty of Ryswick in 1697?

<p>France won but there were no changes in territory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the British attempt to do during the First Intercolonial War?

<p>They tried to capture Quebec City.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event triggered the War of the Austrian Succession? What did this war involve in North America?

<p>The succession of the Austrian throne triggered another war between France and Great Britain in North America, involving British capture of Louisbourg but the French won the war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened in the peace treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748?

<p>France regained Louisbourg, no territorial loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the fortress of Louisbourg?

<p>It was a military and naval base built by France to protect the entrance of the St-Lawrence River, seen as a key position in their North American Empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The fortress of Louisbourg was supposed to be impenetrable.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the other attempts France made to diversify its economy?

<p>They attempted to diversify the economy through tobacco farming, sawmills, hemp and flax production, timber and iron works, and shipyards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main economic staple for the French in New France?

<p>The fur trade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the new culture that emerged in New France? What were the people that were part of this culture called?

<p>The French regime, a new culture, that of the Canadiens (habitants), emerged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the main ways the Canadiens differed from people in France?

<p>They felt a sense of belonging to New France rather than France, had a more independent spirit, more liberties, and adopted Indigenous practices, such as snowshoes, canoes, and fur clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Colonial Rivalries in North America

  • France and Great Britain wanted to control the fur trade and expand their territory.
  • Both mother countries contested the territory around the Hudson's Bay (known as Rupert's Land) as their own.
  • In the 17th and 18th centuries, France and England fought each other in four wars.
  • These conflicts led their colonies, New France and the Thirteen Colonies, to war as well.

The Major Wars between 1689 and 1748

  • First Intercolonial War: The War of the League of Augsburg 1689-1697

    • In 1689, England and many other European nations formed an alliance and declared war against France to end France's territorial expansion in Europe.
    • Since the mother countries were at war, so were New France and the Thirteen Colonies.
    • The French and Native allies attacked the Thirteen colonies using guerrilla warfare. (hit and run attacks)
    • The British attempted to capture Quebec City but Governor Frontenac successfully defended the city.
    • Peace Treaty of Ryswick 1697
      • France wins the war.
      • No changes in territory.
  • Second Intercolonial War: The War of Spanish Succession 1701-1713

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Description

Explore the intense conflicts between France and Great Britain over control of North America during the 17th and 18th centuries. This quiz covers key events, including major wars and the impact on colonies. Test your knowledge on the territorial disputes, warfare strategies, and alliances formed during this tumultuous period.

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