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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the body's protein is made up of collagen?
What percentage of the body's protein is made up of collagen?
What is the primary function of Type I collagen?
What is the primary function of Type I collagen?
What happens to collagen as we age?
What happens to collagen as we age?
What is one medical use of collagen?
What is one medical use of collagen?
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What is a characteristic of natural resins?
What is a characteristic of natural resins?
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What is the process by which oleoresin can be separated?
What is the process by which oleoresin can be separated?
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What is the main constituent of Mastic Resin?
What is the main constituent of Mastic Resin?
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What is the use of Myrrh in dental remedies?
What is the use of Myrrh in dental remedies?
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What is the active constituent of Guggul responsible for its lipid-lowering activity?
What is the active constituent of Guggul responsible for its lipid-lowering activity?
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What is the main use of Olibanum in medical treatment?
What is the main use of Olibanum in medical treatment?
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Study Notes
Collagen
- Accounts for 30% of the body's protein
- Provides structure, support, or strength to skin, muscles, bones, and connective tissues
- Types of collagen: Type I (90% of body's collagen, densely packed, used for skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments) and Type II (found in elastic cartilage, provides joint support)
Uses of Collagen
- Dermal fillers: collagen injections can fill out shallow depressions in the skin, such as lines and wrinkles
- Cosmetic use: as a mask for restoring skin elasticity
Resins and Resin Combinations
- Natural resins: sticky, water-insoluble substances secreted by plants when damaged
- Characteristics: hardens shortly after secretion, can be returned to liquid by heating
- Chemically complex: composed of resinolic acids, resinophenol, resinol, esters, and neutral inert compounds
- Examples: copal resin, oleoresin, gum-resin, oleo-gum-resin, and balsams
Mastic
- Dried resinous exudate obtained from the incised stems and branches of Pistacia lentiscus L. var. latifolius Coss.
- Constituents: triterpenic acid, alcohols, and volatile oil
- Uses: flavoring agent, breath freshener, and for duodenal and peptic ulcer due to antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori
Myrrh
- Dried oleo-gum-resins obtained by incision or spontaneous exudation from the stem and branches of Commiphora molmol Engler
- Constituents: essential oil (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes), gum resin (α,β commiphoric acid)
- Uses: antibacterial and astringent properties, component of dental remedies, minor skin inflammations, gargle and mouth wash, and in some haemorrhoidal preparations
Guggul
- Air-dried oleogum resin exudate from the stems and branches of Commiphora wightii (Arn.)
- Constituents: essential oil, gum, resinous fraction (diterpene), sterols (guggulsterones), guggulipid, and triterpene (myrrhanol)
- Uses: lipid-lowering activity, approved in India for lowering elevated serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels
Olibanum (Frankincense)
- Oleo-gum resin obtained by incision from the bark of Boswellia carteri
- Constituents: volatile oil, gum resin (boswellic acid)
- Uses: treatment of bronchial asthma, osteoarthritis, and anti-inflammatory action
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Description
Learn about collagen, its types, and functions in the human body. Discover how it provides structure and support to skin, muscles, bones, and connective tissues.
