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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the four environmental factors for recovery?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four environmental factors for recovery?
Mood is defined as an immediate expression of emotion, while affect is the emotional state over an extended period.
Mood is defined as an immediate expression of emotion, while affect is the emotional state over an extended period.
False
Name one treatment method used in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders.
Name one treatment method used in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders.
Changing negative thought patterns
The CHIME framework includes hope, identity, meaning, and __________.
The CHIME framework includes hope, identity, meaning, and __________.
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Match the following types of affect with their descriptions:
Match the following types of affect with their descriptions:
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Which of the following indicators is associated with depression?
Which of the following indicators is associated with depression?
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Biological theories of anxiety suggest that it is always caused by genetic predispositions.
Biological theories of anxiety suggest that it is always caused by genetic predispositions.
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What is one characteristic feature of anxiety disorders?
What is one characteristic feature of anxiety disorders?
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During therapy, patients are encouraged to assume __________ as part of their treatment.
During therapy, patients are encouraged to assume __________ as part of their treatment.
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What is a common characteristic of Anorexia Nervosa?
What is a common characteristic of Anorexia Nervosa?
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Binge Eating Disorder (BED) includes compensatory behaviors such as purging.
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) includes compensatory behaviors such as purging.
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Name one subtype of Anorexia Nervosa.
Name one subtype of Anorexia Nervosa.
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Eating disorders can cause significant stress and conflict within the ______.
Eating disorders can cause significant stress and conflict within the ______.
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Match the following eating disorder characteristics with their definitions:
Match the following eating disorder characteristics with their definitions:
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Which of the following is a symptom of Binge Eating Disorder?
Which of the following is a symptom of Binge Eating Disorder?
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Cultural interpretations of trauma do not influence responses to eating disorders.
Cultural interpretations of trauma do not influence responses to eating disorders.
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What is one aspect emphasized in collectivist societies regarding trauma?
What is one aspect emphasized in collectivist societies regarding trauma?
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Individuals diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa often have a ______ body image.
Individuals diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa often have a ______ body image.
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Match the following family dynamics with their effect on eating disorders:
Match the following family dynamics with their effect on eating disorders:
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What is the main finding related to the environment and drug use in the Rat Park study?
What is the main finding related to the environment and drug use in the Rat Park study?
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Harm minimisation aims to completely eliminate drug use.
Harm minimisation aims to completely eliminate drug use.
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What is the Australian National Drug Strategy's primary focus from 2017-2025?
What is the Australian National Drug Strategy's primary focus from 2017-2025?
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In the Stages of Change model, the stage where individuals have no immediate intention to change is called ______.
In the Stages of Change model, the stage where individuals have no immediate intention to change is called ______.
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Match the following stages of the Stages of Change model with their descriptions:
Match the following stages of the Stages of Change model with their descriptions:
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Which strategy is part of harm reduction?
Which strategy is part of harm reduction?
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Which of the following is a biological risk factor for mental health issues?
Which of the following is a biological risk factor for mental health issues?
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Withdrawn behavior and escape fantasies can be a result of mental pain.
Withdrawn behavior and escape fantasies can be a result of mental pain.
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The Transtheoretical Model includes five stages.
The Transtheoretical Model includes five stages.
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What does Orbach theorize suicide stems from?
What does Orbach theorize suicide stems from?
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What are the two categories of risk factors mentioned?
What are the two categories of risk factors mentioned?
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In Orbach's theories, the term ______ describes the unbearable mental pain associated with frustration of needs.
In Orbach's theories, the term ______ describes the unbearable mental pain associated with frustration of needs.
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The immediate situational factors are known as ______ risk factors.
The immediate situational factors are known as ______ risk factors.
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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Which of the following best describes self-hate according to Orbach?
Which of the following best describes self-hate according to Orbach?
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What should effective assessment include regarding suicidal ideation?
What should effective assessment include regarding suicidal ideation?
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Giving away possessions can be a warning sign of suicidal behavior.
Giving away possessions can be a warning sign of suicidal behavior.
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Who can issue a Treatment Authority in mental health care?
Who can issue a Treatment Authority in mental health care?
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The emotional state of an individual is assessed in terms of intent and ______ level.
The emotional state of an individual is assessed in terms of intent and ______ level.
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Which of the following includes terms like “suicide” and “death” in their assessment?
Which of the following includes terms like “suicide” and “death” in their assessment?
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What is a requirement for individuals managed under the Mental Health Act (MHA)?
What is a requirement for individuals managed under the Mental Health Act (MHA)?
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The Mental Health Review Tribunal (MHRT) can revoke treatment orders without any restrictions.
The Mental Health Review Tribunal (MHRT) can revoke treatment orders without any restrictions.
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What does capacity to consent entail regarding mental illness treatment?
What does capacity to consent entail regarding mental illness treatment?
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A __________ model is commonly used in adult community mental health settings for case management.
A __________ model is commonly used in adult community mental health settings for case management.
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Match the following roles or elements with their descriptions:
Match the following roles or elements with their descriptions:
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Who assesses whether an accused person was of unsound mind in Queensland?
Who assesses whether an accused person was of unsound mind in Queensland?
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Study Notes
Willingness to Work Collaboratively for Social & Systemic Change
- Includes acceptance of assistance and recognition of limitations imposed by symptoms
- Requires taking an active role in treatment and assuming risks
Environment Factors for Recovery
- Connectedness: Fostering social connections and support networks.
- Inclusion: Promoting feelings of belonging and acceptance within the community.
- Compassion: Showing empathy and understanding towards individuals with mental illness.
- Acceptance: Recognizing and validating the realities of mental health challenges.
CHIME Framework
- Focuses on five key areas for recovery:
- Connectedness: Strengthening social bonds and support networks.
- Hope and Optimism: Maintaining a positive outlook on the future.
- Identity: Recognizing personal strengths and values.
- Meaning in Life: Finding purpose and fulfillment in activities.
- Empowerment: Promoting self-efficacy and control over one's life.
Mood and Affect
- Mood: A prolonged emotional state influenced by various factors, including genetics, biology, psychology, social experiences, and cognition.
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Affect: The immediate expression of emotion observed through behavior and appearance.
- Euthymic: Normal emotional display.
- Hyperthymic: Intense emotion.
- Dysphoric: Unease or dissatisfaction.
- Labile: Rapidly changing emotions.
- Congruence: Aligning stated mood with observed affect.
Anxiety Disorders
- Characterized by excessive and prolonged anxiety that impacts functioning.
- Theories for causation:
- Biological: Genetic predisposition, evolutionary fears, neurotransmitter regulation.
- Cognitive: Distorted thinking that amplifies anxiety.
- Learning: Anxiety learned through association and reinforcement.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors including psychoeducation, relaxation techniques, graded exposure, and response prevention.
Depression
- Characterized by persistent sad or irritable mood, loss of energy, and motivation.
- Key factors to assess: Intensity, Duration, Life-event Links, Impact on Functioning.
- Effects:
- Physical: Reduced energy, sleep issues, cognitive slowing.
- Emotional: Feeling hopeless, worthless, and guilt.
- Social: Withdrawal, isolation, and difficulty maintaining relationships.
Trauma
- Cultural interpretations of trauma vary, influencing responses and beliefs.
- Some cultures attribute trauma to supernatural causes (e.g., karma, witchcraft).
- Collectivist societies may emphasize community and family over individual responses.
- Culturally significant events (e.g., destruction of sacred sites) can heighten traumatic stress.
Anorexia Nervosa
- Defined by significantly low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image.
- Restricting Type: No binge eating or purging behaviors.
- Binge-Purge Type: Recurrent binge eating or purging behaviors.
- Key features: Severe weight loss, persistent weight-loss behaviors, distorted body image.
Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
- Characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors like purging.
-
Symptoms include:
- Eating large quantities in a short period.
- Lack of control during eating episodes.
- Eating rapidly, until uncomfortably full, when not hungry, alone due to embarrassment.
- Feeling disgusted or guilty after eating.
- Episodes occur at least once a week for three months.
Role of Family in Eating Disorders
- Eating disorders can become the central organizing principle of family life, leading to stress and conflict.
- Family members often feel anxious, frustrated, or helpless.
- Families are seen as a crucial resource for recovery, especially for children and adolescents.
Harm Minimisation
- A public health approach that aims to reduce the negative impacts of drug use without aiming to eliminate use.
- National Drug Strategy (Australia, 2017-2025) focuses on reducing supply, demand, and harm.
- Key principle: Acknowledges that substance use may continue, striving to make it safer.
Stages of Change Model
- Describes the stages individuals go through when considering and making changes to their behavior.
- Pre-contemplation: No intention to change.
- Contemplation: Considering change but not committed.
- Preparation: Planning to act.
- Action: Actively working on change.
- Maintenance/Relapse: Sustaining change, planning for setbacks, and viewing relapses as learning opportunities.
Orbach's Theories on Suicide
- Frustration of Fundamental Needs: Suicide stems from the frustration of essential needs, leading to unbearable mental pain.
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Psychache Clusters:
- Self-Hate: Deeply offended by one's own existence.
- Unrelenting Loss: Continuous perception of loss, both present and anticipated.
- Mental Pain: Extreme negative emotions such as guilt, shame, and estrangement.
Suicide Risk Factors
- Biological: Age, ethnicity.
- Psychological: Substance abuse, untreated mood disorders.
- Cognitive: Impulsivity, rigid thinking.
- Social: Unemployment, relationship breakdown, poverty.
- Proximal Risk Factors: Immediate, situational factors (e.g., job loss).
- Distal Risk Factors: Long-term, chronic stressors (e.g., chronic illness).
Suicide Warning Signs
- Verbal: Talking about death or expressing a desire to die.
- Behavioral: Giving away possessions or neglecting self-care.
- Mood Shifts: Sudden improvement after deep depression.
Effective Suicide Assessment
-
Assessment Components:
- Thoughts: Evaluating suicidal ideation, distinguishing between passive and active thoughts.
- Plans and Means: Assessing planning or access to means of suicide.
- Intent and Distress Level: Determining severity of intent and emotional state.
- Coping Potential: Gauging individual's ability to manage stress and impulses.
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Approach:
- Use empathy and communication skills.
- Ask direct and specific questions about suicide and death.
- Assess for ambivalence and impulsivity.
- Collaborate to create a safety plan.
Mental Health Act (Australia)
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Treatment Authority (TA): Used when a consumer lacks capacity to consent to treatment.
- Issued by an authorized psychiatrist.
- Includes community or inpatient treatment.
- Revoked when consumer regains capacity.
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Forensic Orders (FO): Applied to individuals with major mental illness who have committed a serious crime.
- Managed by an authorized mental health service.
- Include conditions like housing restrictions, drug screenings, weapon prohibitions.
- Reviewed by Mental Health Review Tribunal (MHRT) biannually.
- Involve higher supervision levels, often with a Forensic Liaison Officer (FLO).
Capacity
- Definition: Understanding illness, nature and purpose of treatment, risks/benefits, and consequences of not receiving treatment.
- Assessment: Regular evaluations to determine if capacity is maintained or regained.
- TA Revocation: Can be revoked by a psychiatrist or MHRT if capacity is regained.
Case Management in Mental Health
- Typically used in adult community mental health settings.
- Role: Provide a biopsychosocial approach to care, coordinating clinical treatment and support.
- Responsibilities: Develop recovery goals, foster resilience, coordinate referrals, and support involuntary consumers.
- Specialist Work: Working with high-risk consumers or those under FO, including safety, risk assessments, and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Mental Health Court (Queensland, Australia)
- Unique court that determines the mental state of individuals charged with serious criminal offenses.
- Composition: Supreme Court judge and two psychiatrists who advise on psychiatric and medical issues.
- Decisions: Whether the accused was of unsound mind or unfit for trial.
- Outcomes: May lead to forensic orders for treatment under the MHA instead of traditional criminal penalties.
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Description
This quiz explores the willingness to work collaboratively for social and systemic change in mental health. It emphasizes the importance of environmental factors such as connectedness, compassion, and empowerment as well as the CHIME framework for recovery. Delve into key concepts that contribute to effective mental health practices and community support.
