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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of using fixative mixtures that include glacial acetic acid?
Which temperature is used in a cryostat for cutting frozen sections?
Prior to sectioning, which process increases enzyme solubility in tissue fixed for enzyme histochemical studies?
Which agent is considered the best substitute for ethyl alcohol as a dehydrating agent?
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Who is typically responsible for covering the expenses of an autopsy?
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What is most likely the cause of extraneous tumor cells found in an H&E-stained section?
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Which stain is appropriate for studying ground substance carbohydrates?
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What are lipofuscins commonly associated with?
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What does the term 'argentaffin' refer to?
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Which of the following statements about a good fixative is true?
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Normal elastic fibers will stain with which type of dye?
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Which factor can lead to artifacts in histological sections?
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What is a common misconception about the role of heavy metals in staining?
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Which fixation method is most suitable to demonstrate chromaffin granules?
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What component is NOT included in the B5 fixative?
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In what condition should enzyme pretreatment of antigens be performed in immunoperoxidase staining?
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Which statement about the avidin-biotin-complex (ABC) procedure is incorrect?
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What is the primary leadership style exhibited when a leader consults the majority of their members for decision making?
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What term is used for the oral process of confirming information provided by a job applicant?
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What role does acetone play in the preservation of enzymes?
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What effect does sodium acetate have in the context of immunoperoxidase staining?
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What is a likely reason for soft, mushy appearing paraffin sections?
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When frozen sections stick to the anti-roll plate of the cryostat, what is the most probable issue?
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What causes the knife to gouge out a chunk from the tissue block while trimming?
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Why can't tissue be fixed in a microwave oven?
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Which fixative is NOT recommended for lipid histochemistry?
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How should layered structures like cyst walls and gall bladders be embedded?
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What is the main reason for emptying and cleaning flotation baths according to the QC manual?
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What is a common misconception about using a diamond knife?
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Laboratory reports should be given by the Medical Technologist only to which of the following?
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What is the Masson-Fontana method used to stain for?
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Which chemical can be used to remove formalin pigments from tissue?
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If the water used in washing Mayer's hematoxylin stain is not sufficiently alkaline, which solution should be added?
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What type of cells will smears and cell blocks of urine for cytological examination show?
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Which substance is used in histopathology as both a fixative and a dye?
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An autopsy should ideally be conducted within what time frame to be most informative?
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What is a requirement for a clinical laboratory to operate effectively?
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Study Notes
Dyes and Stains
- Brightly colored dyes are often used in histopathology, including natural dyestuffs and fluorescent compounds.
- Alcian blue-PAS is a preferred staining method for examining ground substance carbohydrates.
Tissue Examination Techniques
- Microscopic examination reveals extraneous tumor cells possibly caused by poor practices like unclean flotation baths or excess adhesive.
- Normal elastic fibers stain specifically with basic and acid dyes depending on prior treatment with chromic acid.
Fixatives and Staining Procedures
- Fixatives like Orth's fluid and B5 solution are used for demonstrating chromaffin granules.
- B5 fixative includes glacial acetic acid, mercuric chloride, and formaldehyde, enhancing preservation of cellular structures.
- Acetone is effective for retaining some enzymes during fixation.
Leadership Styles in Management
- Trust and independence are emphasized in collaborative management, highlighting employee decision-making.
- A democratic leadership style involves consulting members and basing decisions on majority opinions.
Enzyme Demonstration Challenges
- It is unusual to demonstrate enzymes on tissues preserved in absolute alcohol due to fixation interference.
- Immunoperoxidase techniques require enzyme pretreatment, which influences antigen visibility.
Cryostat Operations
- Frozen sections sticking to cryostat plates may indicate improper alignment or excessive warmth.
- Controlling temperature in a cryostat is crucial, commonly set at -20°C for optimal cutting.
Histochemical Considerations
- Effective fixation techniques include dehydration and decalcification of bones prior to paraffin infiltration.
- Lipid histochemistry is best achieved with solutions like acetone or formalin saline.
Legal and Ethical Aspects
- Oral consent and written consent are important considerations in laboratory practices, especially regarding patient information.
- Expenses for an autopsy are typically borne by the relatives, while pathology reports should be directed to the requesting physician.
Histopathological Stains and Their Applications
- The Masson-Fontana method applies specifically for staining phospholipids and melanin.
- Formalin pigment removal can be achieved by soaking tissue in nitric acid or acid alcohol.
Cytological Sample Analysis
- Urine smears reveal transitional, mucous, squamous, and columnar cells, indicative of urinary tract health.
- Acetic acid functions as both a fixative and dye in histopathology.
Autopsy Timing
- To gain informative insights, autopsies should ideally occur within 24 to 48 hours post-mortem.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the principles of collaborative management and their applications. This quiz includes questions on various topics such as natural dyestuffs, microscopic examination, and the significance of certain compounds. Enhance your understanding of effective teamwork and management strategies.
