Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Quiz

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• A type of psychotherapy that focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors
• Goals: identify and challenge distorted or unhelpful thinking patterns, learn new coping skills, and improve overall mental health
• Key components:
  • Cognitive restructuring: identifying and challenging negative thoughts
  • Behavioral activation: increasing engagement in pleasant activities
  • Exposure: gradually confronting feared situations or objects

Psychopathology

• The study of abnormal behavior and mental illness
• Focuses on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of mental disorders
• Key concepts:
  • Comorbidity: co-occurrence of multiple mental health disorders
  • Etiology: study of the causes of mental health disorders
  • Nosology: classification and naming of mental health disorders

Assessment and Diagnosis

• The process of gathering information to identify mental health disorders
• Key steps:
  1. Clinical interview: gathering information about symptoms, behavior, and medical history
  2. Behavioral observations: observing behavior and mental status
  3. Psychological testing: using standardized tests to assess cognitive and emotional functioning
  4. Diagnostic formulation: integrating information to arrive at a diagnosis

Personality Disorders

• A type of mental health disorder characterized by inflexible and maladaptive patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
• Key characteristics:
  • Impaired interpersonal functioning
  • Difficulty adapting to stress
  • Maladaptive coping mechanisms
• Examples:
  • Borderline personality disorder
  • Narcissistic personality disorder
  • Antisocial personality disorder

Depression

• A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in activities
• Key symptoms:
  • Depressed mood
  • Loss of interest in activities
  • Changes in appetite and sleep patterns
  • Fatigue or loss of energy
  • Difficulty concentrating
• Subtypes:
  • Major depressive disorder
  • Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
  • Postpartum depression
  • Seasonal affective disorder

Bipolar Disorder

• A mood disorder characterized by periods of mania or hypomania, often alternating with episodes of depression
• Key symptoms:
  • Manic episodes: elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, reduced need for sleep
  • Hypomanic episodes: milder symptoms than mania, often with increased productivity
  • Depressive episodes: symptoms similar to major depressive disorder
• Subtypes:
  • Bipolar I disorder: at least one manic episode
  • Bipolar II disorder: at least one hypomanic episode and one depressive episode
  • Cyclothymic disorder: recurrent hypomanic and depressive symptoms

Schizophrenia

• A chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, and emotions
• Key symptoms:
  • Positive symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior
  • Negative symptoms: flattened affect, social withdrawal, apathy
  • Cognitive symptoms: impaired attention, memory, and processing speed
• Subtypes:
  • Paranoid schizophrenia
  • Disorganized schizophrenia
  • Catatonic schizophrenia
  • Undifferentiated schizophrenia

Paraphilic Disorders

• A type of mental health disorder characterized by recurring, intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors
• Key characteristics:
  • Deviant or non-normative sexual interests
  • Causes significant distress or impairment
• Examples:
  • Pedophilia
  • Exhibitionistic disorder
  • Fetishistic disorder
  • Voyeuristic disorder

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• Focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors
• Goals: identify and challenge distorted or unhelpful thinking patterns, learn new coping skills, and improve overall mental health
• Cognitive restructuring: identifying and challenging negative thoughts
• Behavioral activation: increasing engagement in pleasant activities
• Exposure: gradually confronting feared situations or objects

Psychopathology

• Study of abnormal behavior and mental illness
• Focuses on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of mental disorders
• Comorbidity: co-occurrence of multiple mental health disorders
• Etiology: study of the causes of mental health disorders
• Nosology: classification and naming of mental health disorders

Assessment and Diagnosis

• Process of gathering information to identify mental health disorders
• Clinical interview: gathering information about symptoms, behavior, and medical history
• Behavioral observations: observing behavior and mental status
• Psychological testing: using standardized tests to assess cognitive and emotional functioning
• Diagnostic formulation: integrating information to arrive at a diagnosis

Personality Disorders

• Characterized by inflexible and maladaptive patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
• Impaired interpersonal functioning
• Difficulty adapting to stress
• Maladaptive coping mechanisms
• Examples: borderline personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder

Depression

• Mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and lack of interest in activities
• Depressed mood
• Loss of interest in activities
• Changes in appetite and sleep patterns
• Fatigue or loss of energy
• Difficulty concentrating
• Subtypes: major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), postpartum depression, seasonal affective disorder

Bipolar Disorder

• Mood disorder characterized by periods of mania or hypomania, often alternating with episodes of depression
• Manic episodes: elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, reduced need for sleep
• Hypomanic episodes: milder symptoms than mania, often with increased productivity
• Depressive episodes: symptoms similar to major depressive disorder
• Subtypes: bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder

Schizophrenia

• Chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, and emotions
• Positive symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior
• Negative symptoms: flattened affect, social withdrawal, apathy
• Cognitive symptoms: impaired attention, memory, and processing speed
• Subtypes: paranoid schizophrenia, disorganized schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia

Paraphilic Disorders

• Characterized by recurring, intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors
• Deviant or non-normative sexual interests
• Causes significant distress or impairment
• Examples: pedophilia, exhibitionistic disorder, fetishistic disorder, voyeuristic disorder