Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does cognitive development refer to?
What does cognitive development refer to?
- The permanent loss of mental skills over time.
- The process of learning without any interaction with the environment.
- The development of skills only through formal education.
- The changes in children's mental skills and abilities over time. (correct)
What is a 'scheme' in Piaget's theory?
What is a 'scheme' in Piaget's theory?
- A rigid structure that does not allow for changes.
- An external source of knowledge.
- A method of rote memorization.
- An organized pattern of thought or action for interpretation. (correct)
Which statement best describes assimilation?
Which statement best describes assimilation?
- Forgetting old information to make room for new.
- Creating new schemes to understand entirely different experiences.
- Changing one's understanding without any input from new experiences.
- Integrating new experiences into existing schemes. (correct)
What role does the environment play in Piaget's theory?
What role does the environment play in Piaget's theory?
What is accommodation in the context of cognitive development?
What is accommodation in the context of cognitive development?
How can knowledge be built according to Piaget?
How can knowledge be built according to Piaget?
What best describes 'symbolic schemes'?
What best describes 'symbolic schemes'?
Which of the following is NOT a basic term associated with Piaget's theory?
Which of the following is NOT a basic term associated with Piaget's theory?
What term describes the process of restoring balance between assimilation and accommodation?
What term describes the process of restoring balance between assimilation and accommodation?
In Piaget's theory, what results in a state of disequilibrium?
In Piaget's theory, what results in a state of disequilibrium?
What example illustrates the process of accommodation in Piaget's theory?
What example illustrates the process of accommodation in Piaget's theory?
Which of the following is NOT one of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
Which of the following is NOT one of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
Vygotsky's theory emphasizes the role of which factor in cognitive development?
Vygotsky's theory emphasizes the role of which factor in cognitive development?
According to Vygotsky, cognitive development is primarily influenced by which type of interaction?
According to Vygotsky, cognitive development is primarily influenced by which type of interaction?
What is the primary outcome of a child reaching equilibrium in Piaget's theory?
What is the primary outcome of a child reaching equilibrium in Piaget's theory?
What does Vygotsky's theory suggest about cognitive changes?
What does Vygotsky's theory suggest about cognitive changes?
What is a key characteristic of Vygotsky's view on cognitive development?
What is a key characteristic of Vygotsky's view on cognitive development?
What does Vygotsky's concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) reflect?
What does Vygotsky's concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) reflect?
What role does language play according to Vygotsky's theory?
What role does language play according to Vygotsky's theory?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of Vygotsky's theory?
Which of the following is NOT a principle of Vygotsky's theory?
What is the purpose of scaffolding in Vygotsky's framework?
What is the purpose of scaffolding in Vygotsky's framework?
How does Vygotsky suggest children should engage in learning activities?
How does Vygotsky suggest children should engage in learning activities?
What is a role of play in Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development?
What is a role of play in Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development?
What does the term More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) refer to in Vygotsky's theory?
What does the term More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) refer to in Vygotsky's theory?
Flashcards
Cognition
Cognition
Mental processes used to acquire, elaborate, store, retrieve, and use knowledge to solve problems.
Cognitive Development
Cognitive Development
Changes in children's mental skills and abilities over time.
Scheme (Schema)
Scheme (Schema)
Organized pattern of thought or action used to understand experiences. It's how we categorize information.
Assimilation
Assimilation
Using existing knowledge (schemas) to understand new experiences.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Accommodation
Accommodation
Adapting existing knowledge (schemas) to fit new experiences.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Piaget's Theory
Piaget's Theory
Describes how children's thinking and learning develop, emphasizing the child's active role and interaction with the environment.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Symbolic Scheme
Symbolic Scheme
Internal mental symbols used to represent experiences.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cognitive Operation
Cognitive Operation
Internal mental activity used to process information about objects or thoughts.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Equilibration
Equilibration
The process of restoring balance between what a person understands and encounters. It involves adjusting existing knowledge or creating new understanding to resolve discrepancies.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Disequilibrium
Disequilibrium
The imbalance between what is known and what is encountered, leading to a need for adaptation.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Piaget's Stages
Piaget's Stages
Stages (periods) of cognitive development proposed by Piaget, where children develop understanding in different ways at different ages.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Vygotsky's Theory
Vygotsky's Theory
Focuses on the impact of society and culture on cognitive development. Social interaction is key for development.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Organizatio
Organizatio
Developing a system of knowledge with hierarchical structure that organizes existing knowledge.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Factors
Social Factors
Interactions with others are crucial in cognitive development.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Language's Role
Language's Role
Language is vital in shaping thought processes.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Difference between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance.
Signup and view all the flashcards
More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)
More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)
Someone who can provide support and guidance to help a learner reach their potential.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Scaffolding
Scaffolding
Providing support tailored to the learner's needs, gradually decreasing assistance as the learner progresses.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social and Cultural Tools
Social and Cultural Tools
Tools like language, math, and writing that help us learn and think.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Play & Cognitive Development
Play & Cognitive Development
Play allows children to experiment and develop their cognitive skills.
Signup and view all the flashcardsStudy Notes
Cognition and Cognitive Development
- Cognition is the mental process of acquiring, storing, retrieving, and using knowledge to solve problems.
- Cognitive development involves changes in children's mental skills and abilities over time.
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
- Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, theorized about how children's thinking and learning develops.
- He believed knowledge is built over time by the child through active learning. Children are active learners in their environment. Knowledge results from interaction between the child and their environment.
Basic Terminology
- Scheme: An organized pattern of thought or action used to interpret experiences. Schemes represent how people understand and organize the world around them.
- Adaptation: The process of adjusting schemes through assimilation and accommodation.
- Assimilation is interpreting new experiences by fitting them into existing schemes.
- Accommodation is modifying existing schemes to fit new experiences.
- Equilibrium: The balance between assimilation and accommodation. When a person encounters something they can't understand (disequilibrium), they adjust their schemes until the balance is restored (equilibrium).
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
- Piaget proposed children move through four stages of cognitive development.
- The stages are Sensorimotor (birth-2 years), Preoperational (2-7 years), Concrete Operational (7-11 years), and Formal Operational (adolescence-adulthood).
- Each stage is characterized by specific cognitive abilities.
Vygotsky's Theory of Cognitive Development
- Vygotsky's theory is also known as the sociocultural perspective, emphasizing how society and culture affect cognitive development.
- Learning leads to development.
- Cognitive development depends on social interaction.
- Culture significantly shapes how children think and behave.
- It emphasizes the role of language in cognitive development.
- Language is central to mental development.
- Development can't be separated from its social context.
- Children construct their knowledge.
- Tools are important to cognitive development, such as language, math systems, and signs
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
- The difference between what a child can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance.
- Scaffolding is a critical component. Teachers/ adults provide appropriate levels of assistance to maximize growth.
Applying Vygotsky's Theory
- Vygotsky's theory offers practical implications for teaching and learning:
- Encourage self-talk.
- Provide cognitive tools to aid learning.
- Structure tasks effectively to support student success.
- Have students work in collaborative groups.
- Provide opportunities for role play.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
