CNA Chapter 1-3 Test Review

Person-Centered Care

• Focuses on the individual rather than the disease; enhances human dignity.

OBRA (Omnibus Reconciliation Act)

• Aims to enhance the quality of life for nursing facility residents.

Long-Term Care Facility

• Designed for individuals requiring 24-hour assistance.

Hospice

• Provides care for patients with less than six months to live, prioritizing comfort over extensive life-saving treatments.

Privacy

• Residents have a right to privacy in their personal care routines, including bathing and dressing.

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

• Includes tasks like brushing teeth, bathing, dressing, eating, and toileting.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

• Ensures workplace safety and protects the rights of workers.

Medicare

• Health coverage for individuals 65 and older or those permanently disabled.

Medicaid

• Health program for low-income families providing necessary medical assistance.

Incontinence

• Refers to the loss of bladder or bowel control.

Common Aging Changes

• Thinning skin, reduced muscle tone, decreased bone density, slower reflexes, increased bruising, and weakened immunity.

Not Normal Aging Changes

• Hearing, sight, and taste loss, as well as confusion and forgetfulness, are not typical.

Chain of Command

• Hierarchical structure: CNA → Floor/Charge Nurse → Supervisors → ADON → DON.

Liability

• Legal responsibility for actions or inactions.

Qualities of a Good CNA

• Hardworking, empathetic, tactful, and caring traits are essential.

Dyspnea

• Refers to difficulty breathing.

Hemiplegia

• Paralysis affecting one side of the body (left or right).

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)

• Commonly known as a stroke.

Medical Abbreviations

• hs: hours of sleep
• I & O: intake and output
• NPO: nothing by mouth
• po: by mouth
• prn: as needed
• ROM: range of motion
• SOB: short of breath
• Stat: immediately
• VS: vital signs
• GI: gastrointestinal
• COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• O2: oxygen

Government Healthcare Programs

• Medicaid, Medicare, OSHA, and OBRA dramatically influence healthcare delivery.

Center of Health Care Team

• Residents are the focal point of the healthcare team.

OBRA Requirements for CNAs

• CNAs must successfully pass both written and skills state tests.

Unethical Behavior for a CNA

• Gossiping about other aides with residents is considered unethical.

Advance Directive

• A legal document, often a living will, outlining medical care preferences.

False Imprisonment

• Unlawful restraint of residents without their consent, including the inappropriate use of medications or physical restraints.

Neglect

• Failure to meet a resident's needs, such as leaving their call light out of reach, leading to injury.

Signs of Infection

• Indicators include swelling, redness, and drainage.

Infection Prevention

• Handwashing is the most effective method to prevent the spread of infections.

Handwashing Standard

• Minimum recommended time for effective handwashing is 20 seconds.

Standard Precautions

• Must be applied to all residents to prevent infection.

Contact Precautions

• Required when dealing with residents who have infected wounds or pressure ulcers.