3 Questions
What year did Gandhi return to India?
1915
What did Gandhi adopt as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor?
A dhoti
What was the indirect goal of Gandhi's last hunger strike in 1948?
To pressure India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan
Study Notes
- Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in the town of Porbandar in Gujarat, western India.
- He was educated at the Inner Temple in London and became a lawyer in 1891.
- In South Africa, Gandhi represented an Indian merchant in a lawsuit.
- He went on to live in South Africa for 21 years.
- In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India and soon set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination.
- Gandhi assumed leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921.
- He led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding womens rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule.
- Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor.
- He began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest.
- In the months following, he undertook several hunger strikes to stop the religious violence.
- The last of these, begun in Delhi on January 12, 1948, had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan.
- Gandhi died on January 30, 1948, in Delhi.
This quiz tests your knowledge of key events and milestones in Mahatma Gandhi's life, including his early years, activism in South Africa, and leadership in the Indian independence movement.
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