CMT 302 - Advanced Database Systems Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

What is NOT considered an advantage of using a Database Management System (DBMS)?

  • Economy of scale
  • Control of data redundancy
  • Increased complexity (correct)
  • Improved data integrity
  • Which generation of database systems is characterized by relational databases?

  • Fourth generation
  • Second generation (correct)
  • Third generation
  • First generation
  • Which role is primarily responsible for the performance and security of the database?

  • Database Administrator (DBA) (correct)
  • Application Programmers
  • Data Administrator (DA)
  • Database Designers
  • What is a common disadvantage associated with database management systems?

    <p>Higher impact of a failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT typically improved by a DBMS?

    <p>Data redundancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of a file-based system compared to a database system?

    <p>Separation and isolation of data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function typically associated with a Database Management System (DBMS)?

    <p>Hardware maintenance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem arises from the duplication of data in file-based systems?

    <p>Redundant storage requirements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'data dependence' in the context of file-based systems?

    <p>File structures are defined within program code (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a Database Management System (DBMS)?

    <p>A unified access method for different data sources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes how data is managed in a database approach?

    <p>Data is stored separately and accessed independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically a major component of the DBMS environment?

    <p>Data dictionary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios illustrates a common application of a database system?

    <p>Booking transactions with a travel agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Database Management System (DBMS)?

    <p>To enable users to define, create, maintain, and control access to the database (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a view in the context of a database?

    <p>An abstraction that provides users with specific subsets of data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component of the DBMS environment describes the type of information the organization uses?

    <p>Schema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a controlled access feature of a database?

    <p>Data manipulation language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which description of Data Definition Language (DDL) is accurate?

    <p>It allows specification of data types, structures, and constraints. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one benefit of using views in a database?

    <p>They reduce complexity and customize the data appearance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a system catalog in a database?

    <p>To provide the description of data for program-data independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about database applications is correct?

    <p>They interact with a database by issuing SQL statements to the DBMS. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Data Dependence

    File structures are defined within application programs preventing different programs from easily sharing data.

    File-Based Systems

    A system where different programs manage their own data independently.

    Data Duplication

    Storing the same data in multiple programs leading to wasted space and potential inconsistencies.

    Database Approach

    An approach where data is stored separately and independently from application programs.

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    Database Management System (DBMS)

    Software that allows for centralized data management and access.

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    Separation and Isolation of Data

    Different programs have their own data, and programs don't know about data in other programs.

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    Inconsistent Data

    The possibility of different versions of the same data being stored in different places.

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    Fixed Queries

    Programs are written for specific tasks; a new requirement or task needs a new program.

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    What are DBMS procedures?

    Instructions and rules that guide database design and usage.

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    Who is the Database Administrator (DBA)?

    The person responsible for managing and maintaining the database system.

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    What are the advantages of DBMSs?

    DBMSs offer benefits like controlling data redundancy, ensuring consistency, improving data sharing, and enhancing security.

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    Object-Relational (Third Generation)

    A database system that combines the features of relational databases with object-oriented concepts.

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    Disadvantages of DBMSs

    DBMSs can be complex, expensive, and might require additional hardware. They can also be vulnerable to performance issues.

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    Database

    A shared collection of logically related data, designed to meet an organization's information needs.

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    System Catalog (Metadata)

    Provides a description of the data within a database, enabling programs to access data independently.

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    DBMS (Database Management System)

    A software system that allows users to define, create, maintain, and control access to the database.

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    Data Definition Language (DDL)

    Allows you to specify the data types, structures, and constraints within a database.

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    Data Manipulation Language (DML)

    Provides the tools to query (retrieve) data from the database.

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    Views in Databases

    A personalized view of the database for each user, showing only relevant data.

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    Benefits of Views

    Reduce complexity, provide security, customize appearance, and offer a consistent view.

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    Components of DBMS Environment

    Includes Hardware (computers), Software (DBMS, operating system, application programs), and Data.

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    Study Notes

    CMT 302 - Advanced Database Systems - Lecture Notes

    • Course: CMT 302 - Advanced Database Systems
    • Instructor: Prof. Barasa Joel
    • Contact Information: [email protected], +254769257365 or +254705451853

    Chapter 1 - Introduction to Databases

    • Objectives: This chapter covers common database uses, file-based system characteristics and problems, database meaning, and Database Management System (DBMS) meaning.
    • Typical DBMS functions: Includes the functionality of a DBMS.
    • DBMS environment components: Outlines the key components.
    • Personnel in DBMS environment: Describes the different roles.
    • DBMS history: This includes the evolution of DBMSs from different generations.
    • DBMS advantages and disadvantages: Lists benefits and drawbacks of using a DBMS.

    Examples of Database Applications

    • Real-world uses such as supermarket purchases, online shopping, booking holidays, library use, taking out insurance, renting videos, internet usage and studying at university are referenced.

    File-Based Systems

    • Description: This approach comprises various applications that serve end-users, each controlling its own data independently.
    • Limitations of file-based systems: Problems inherent in this decentralized approach, such as data isolation, duplication, data dependence, incompatible file formats, fixed queries, and proliferation of applications.
    • Examples: A real-world file-based data flow diagram is examined illustrating how data is managed in such systems.

    Database Approach

    • Rationale: The approach emerged to address limitations of the file-based system, where data definitions were built into applications, limiting access and control.
    • Result: Introduction of the database and DBMS concept as a centralized solution with more data control.

    Database

    • Description: Centralized collection of logically related data (and a description of it). Designed to satisfy organizational information needs.
    • Components of the data: Includes Entities, attributes, and relationships for describing data.
    • Metadata/System catalog: Description for program-data independence provided by a system catalog.

    Database Management System (DBMS)

    • Description: A software system that defines, creates, maintains, and controls access to a database. Database application programs interact with the database through SQL statements.
    • Diagrammatic representation: A presented diagram illustrates a DBMS interaction (database system and programs interacting with DBMS)

    Database Approach

    • Data definition language (DDL): Language for defining data types, structures, and constraints stored in a database.
    • Data manipulation language (DML): Language for data access—general enquiry facility (query language).

    Database Approach - Controlled Access

    • Control methods: The various control mechanisms like security, integrity, concurrency, and recovery systems are examined in detail.

    Views

    • Uses: Allows users to view portions of the database, creating customized database presentations.
    • Description: Views are essentially subsets of the complete database, which are useful for tailored presentations and security.
    • Benefits: Enhanced complexity reduction, improved security, customizable database appearance, consistent representation, even if the database changes.

    Components of DBMS Environment

    • Components Diagram: A diagram showing the significant components included in the DBMS context.
    • Hardware: Computers from PCs to networks.
    • Software: The DBMS, operating system, network software (if required), and associated applications..
    • Data: The data used by the organization, and the schema describing it.
    • Procedures: Instructions and rules for database and DBMS design and use.
    • People: Various roles within a database environment, including Data Admin, Database Admin, Database Designers, programmers, and users.

    History of Database Systems

    • Database system generations: Information on various generations of database systems (e.g. first-generation—hierarchical, network; second generation - relational, third generation - object-relational, etc.).

    Advantages of DBMSs

    • Data redundancy control, data consistency, enhanced information from existing data volumes, data sharing, better data integrity, improved security, enforcement of standards, and economy of scale.
    • Improved database accessibility, response times, productivity, maintenance capabilities due to data independence, concurrency increase, and backup/recovery.

    Disadvantages of DBMSs

    • The complexity, size, cost of systems, extra hardware requirements, conversion costs, performance issues, and higher impact of failures.

    End of Presentation

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    Description

    This quiz covers Chapter 1 of CMT 302, focusing on the introduction to databases. It includes objectives such as the meaning of databases, functions of DBMS, personnel roles in the environment, and the history of DBMS. Additionally, it explores advantages and disadvantages of using database management systems.

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