Cloud vs Non-Cloud Project Management
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What best describes the nature of non-cloud projects compared to cloud projects?

  • Non-cloud projects are unique and individually managed. (correct)
  • Non-cloud projects are standardized and interchangeable.
  • Non-cloud projects require remote access for management.
  • Non-cloud projects rely heavily on a shared environment.

    • How do illnesses in non-cloud projects differ from those in cloud projects?

  • Cloud projects do not address illnesses in the same personal way. (correct)
  • Non-cloud projects require regular preventative measures.
  • Illnesses in non-cloud projects result in financial loss.
  • Illnesses in cloud projects typically require immediate replacement.

    • What metaphor is used to illustrate the approach to non-cloud and cloud projects?

  • Vehicles vs. bicycles.
  • Tech gadgets vs. home appliances.
  • Pets vs. cattle. (correct)
  • Plants vs. crops.

    • Which statement accurately reflects the integration of non-cloud projects?

    <p>Non-cloud projects are deeply integrated into personal settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of cloud projects concerning their uniqueness?

    <p>They are produced to be almost identical to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Grafana?

    <p>Creating interactive dashboards and graphs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monitoring tool is specifically designed for analyzing machine data?

    <p>Splunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of Splunk?

    <p>Indexing machine data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option matches Prometheus in the context of monitoring?

    <p>Grafana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial benefit of observability in systems?

    <p>Metrics and performance tracking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data does Grafana primarily visualize?

    <p>Data from various sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering monitoring tools, which tool is best suited for security analysis?

    <p>Splunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of performance tracking, what essential feature is highlighted?

    <p>Real-time event monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key requirement for microservices to function effectively?

    <p>They must operate independently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach is recommended for maintaining code quality in microservices?

    <p>Continuous integration (CI) and automated testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should comprehensive documentation for microservices include?

    <p>API documentation and usage guidelines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for the integration of microservices?

    <p>Creating thorough integration tests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is important for the success of a microservices architecture?

    <p>Independence and specific responsibilities of services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is comprehensive documentation particularly important for microservices?

    <p>It assists developers interacting with services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the correlation ID signify in the logs?

    <p>A unique identifier for tracking specific requests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which controller is responsible for managing analytics processes?

    <p>AnalyticsController</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a payment retry scheduled based on the log entries?

    <p>Following a payment processing failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of a monolithic application?

    <p>Ease of deployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which limitation is associated with monolithic applications?

    <p>Costly scalability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the data decentralization property of a microservice mean?

    <p>Data is isolated within each microservice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes microservices from monolithic applications?

    <p>Independent service autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge when updating a monolithic application?

    <p>Unified package deployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a microservice architecture improve development speed?

    <p>Independent functions allow parallel work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key property of microservices that fosters flexibility?

    <p>Independent architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of microservices helps manage complexity effectively?

    <p>Modularity of functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Hystrix in microservices architecture?

    <p>To avoid single points of failure (SPOF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Domain-Driven Development (DDD), which aspect is primarily emphasized?

    <p>Collaboration with domain experts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential challenge when diagnosing issues in microservices?

    <p>Difficulty due to multiple code base changes at once</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a notable issue with large databases in microservices?

    <p>Locking and contention problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Domain-Driven Development (DDD) create between developers and business experts?

    <p>A shared language and model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of failures does Hystrix aim to prevent within microservices?

    <p>Cascading failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a Private Cloud solution?

    <p>A cloud solution within a private datacenter with its own service catalog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Availability Zones typically make up a Region in cloud architecture?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a Hybrid Cloud?

    <p>Integrates both on-premise datacenter and public/private cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the phrase 'Cloud is not vague'?

    <p>Cloud locations and structure can be precisely identified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of creating regions within cloud services?

    <p>To improve performance through isolation and latency reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are workloads and data managed within cloud Regions?

    <p>Data and workloads remain in their specified regions unless instructed otherwise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of cloud computing, what does isolation between Regions imply?

    <p>Regions are independent and do not affect each other's operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is redundancy important within cloud Regions?

    <p>It ensures that services remain operational despite failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Circuit Breaker design pattern?

    <p>To prevent cascading failures in a system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of the Exponential BackOff strategy?

    <p>RetryDelay(i) = 100 * 2 ^(i-1) [ms].</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit does the Event Broker Pattern provide in software architecture?

    <p>It enables asynchronous event-driven communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Retry pattern, what does the Incremental Delay strategy imply?

    <p>The delay increases by a fixed amount each time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a Circuit Breaker 'opens', what is the immediate effect on the service?

    <p>Requests to that service are stopped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes bounded contexts in Domain-Driven Design (DDD)?

    <p>They define clear boundaries for different aspects of a system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically the first action taken when a service experiences repeated failures in a Circuit Breaker pattern?

    <p>The circuit opens and stops requests to that service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Retry mechanism strategy would use a delay calculated by the formula $100 * 2^{(i-1)}$ milliseconds?

    <p>Exponential BackOff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Splunk in monitoring systems?

    <p>Indexing and visualizing machine data generated by IT systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is primarily used for performance tracking and system analysis?

    <p>Grafana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between Grafana and Prometheus?

    <p>Grafana visualizes the metrics collected from Prometheus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary benefits of observability in systems?

    <p>It enables real-time tracking of system performance metrics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect does Grafana enhance through its functionality?

    <p>Real-time observability of system performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement distinguishes Splunk from other monitoring tools?

    <p>It specializes in collecting and indexing machine data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of system monitoring, what is the role of Prometheus?

    <p>To collect and store metrics over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data does Splunk excel in managing?

    <p>Large volumes of logs and real-time events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in building a microservice from a monolith?

    <p>Analyze the monolith thoroughly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for defining clear responsibilities for each microservice?

    <p>Cohesive service boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should data be managed between microservices to ensure decoupling?

    <p>Through data replication and synchronization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of communication protocols are typically defined between microservices?

    <p>RESTful APIs and gRPC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary when creating different codebases for microservices?

    <p>Extracting relevant code from the monolith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What needs to be implemented to establish the functionality of a microservice?

    <p>Developing cohesive service logic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of establishing service boundaries in microservices?

    <p>To ensure clear responsibilities of each service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to decompose the database when transitioning from a monolith to microservices?

    <p>To ensure each microservice can function independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Microservices & Cloud Computing - Overview

    • The presentation covered Microservices and Cloud Computing.
    • The target audience was ESIEA 4a students.
    • The timeframe was November 20/2024 - November 21/2024.
    • The presenters were Kevin Navarri, Thomas Desrut, and Julien Trouillet.

    Agenda

    • The agenda included four presentations on cloud concepts.
    • Topics covered Introduction to System (SI), Microservices & Cloud Computing, Cloud Architectures, and Cloud Scalability.
    • The presentation agenda additionally listed topics like Introduction to Microservices, Essential Microservices Patterns, Securing Microservices, Deploying and Maintaining Microservices, Logging, Monitoring, and Introduction to Cloud Computing.

    Mon Parcours (JT) - Professional Background

    • JT holds a Bachelor's degree in Mathematics with a focus on fundamental mathematics, and a Master's degree in Mathematics specializing in Data Mining and Operational Research.
    • JT has 4 years experience in a software development company, focusing on data science and development using JAVA and R.
    • JT had 3 years experience in an Enterprise Service Network (ESN). At this ESN, JT's role focused on Research and Development tasks within a Spatial Defense industry, using JAVA, Matlab, and R.
    • JT has more than 8 years of experience at Capgemini Financial Services in roles of Solution Architect and Team Lead to Architect and Functional Architect.

    Mon Parcours (TD) - Professional Background

    • TD holds a Bachelor's degree in Information and Communication Technologies.
    • TD holds a Master's degree in Applied Computer Methods for Business Management, specializing in Distributed Networks.
    • TD has experience with six years of working in Capgemini Apps as a Java, C++, and Graphtalk Developer.
    • At Capgemini PER, TD served three years as a Team Lead and Project Manager.
    • Lastly, TD had 5 years of experience in Capgemini Financial Services as a Solution Architect and a Technical Lead in application architecture.

    Mon Parcours (KN) - Professional Background

    • KN holds a Master's degree in Biotechnological Engineering and Agro-industry Management.
    • KN has experience across 2 years of experience in the Agro-food industry, focusing on agricultural production.
    • KN spent 6 years in Capgemini Financial Services, specializing in Java and API management, while also designing architecture.

    Mon Rôle (JT) - Roles & Responsibilities

    • JT's role involves defining business needs, designing system architecture, and leading/coordinating teams in project management.
    • JT also supports client/customer brief and budget information.
    • Activities included: consulting, managing projects, educating clients, delivering consulting support on software development practices, and mentoring.

    Mon Rôle (TD) - Roles & Responsibilities

    • TD acts as a Solution Architect and Functional Architect, responsible for defining business needs.
    • TD designs system architecture.
    • TD shares expertise on technical components.
    • TD works to translate architecture into technical components.
    • TD conducts client consulting, training, and career coaching.

    Mon Rôle (KN) - Roles & Responsibilities

    • Roles are mainly focused on solution architecture and technical leadership in application architecture.

    Agenda (Additional)

    • Presentations included topics about About Us, Introduction to Microservices, Essential Microservices Patterns, Securing Microservices, Deploying and Maintaining Microservices, Logging, Monitoring, and Introduction to Cloud Computing.

    Monothy and Microservices

    • Monoliths are single-tiered applications, combining various modules into a single program.
    • Monolith benefits include ease of deployment, managed complexity, and low dependencies.
    • Monoliths are costly to scale, have slow update frequency, a high rollback risk, and can grow in size creating limitations.
    • Microservices are mini-applications that implement distinct functionalities.
    • Key properties of microservices include modularity, autonomy, and decentralized data.

    Microservice Benefits

    • Microservices offer benefits of horizontal scaling, as you can scale individual processes without affecting the rest of the system (avoiding resource waste).
    • They result in faster development turnaround.
    • Effective fault isolation (localized failures don't affect the whole system).

    Decentralized Architecture

    • Shift from centralized to decentralized governance in microservices.
    • Monoliths use a centrally managed approach that ensures deployment of a single application.
    • Microservices utilize a per-service governance approach, with each team following its own schedule and roadmap.
    • A service catalog acts as a repository, listing all available services, making it easier for teams to reuse, discover, and monitor.
    • This approach often involves proper cataloging of services, similar in importance to service design.
    • Distributed transactions, require synchronization, and can lead to complex rollbacks.
    • Need for end-to-end management, testing, and monitoring.

    Microservices and Netflix

    • Netflix architecture relies on specific patterns, like a Proxy Layer such as Zuul, and Hystrix, which avoid cascading failures.

    Domain-Driven Design (DDD)

    • DDD is a software approach that aligns software design with the core business domain.
    • Collaboration with domain experts helps create a shared language and model that represent business concepts and rules.
    • By dividing complex systems into subdomains and bounded contexts, you attain flexible and scalable applications.

    Circuit Breaker Pattern

    • The Circuit Breaker pattern prevents cascading failures in a system.
    • When a service repeatedly fails, the circuit "opens" and stops requests, allowing for recovery.
    • Once stability is ensured, the circuit "closes."

    Other Patterns

    • Retry pattern uses fixed or incremental delays (or exponential backoff) to handle failed requests and improve system resilience.
    • Event Broker Pattern uses an intermediary called an Event Broker, manages events from producers to consumers.
    • It enables asynchronous communication and decouples producers/consumers.

    Logging

    • Central logging tools (e.g., ELK Stack - Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana) are used for aggregating system logs from various services.

    Monitoring

    • Monitoring tools such as Prometheus, Grafana, and Splunk are used to visualize, index, and analyze system data, enabling real-time observability.
    • Monitoring tools allow visualization of large amounts of data from various sources.

    Cloud Computing

    • Public clouds such as AWS, Azure, and GCP.
    • Private clouds with company-specific infrastructure.
    • Hybrid approaches.
    • Cloud characteristics include on-demand services, automated deployment, elasticity, and a pay-per-use model.
    • Cloud infrastructure involves multiple Availability Zones, Regions, and Edge Locations.
    • Cloud providers typically deploy global networks with multiple high capacity links to handle global users and services.
    • Cloud infrastructure also offers dedicated edge locations for data processing and data ingress/egress.

    Cloud Service Responsibilities (AWS)

    • Customer responsibility is focused on security within the application and client side data.
    • AWS responsibility handles the security of the underlying global infrastructure.

    Other Topics

    • Differences between non-cloud and cloud projects from an architect/engineer perspective using the "Pets vs. Cattle" analogy.
    • SSO (Single Sign-On) and JWT (JSON Web Tokens) patterns to ensure smooth access to multiple applications.
    • OAuth and OIDC security protocols for authorization and identity verification in user access management.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental differences between non-cloud and cloud project management. It discusses unique characteristics, log entries, and analytics related to both project types. Test your knowledge on how these project approaches differ in practice.

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