Theories of personality
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Questions and Answers

What type of data is obtained from questionnaires according to Cattell's approach?

  • Q-data (correct)
  • L-data
  • S-data
  • T-data
  • Which approach used orthogonal factor analysis to identify a small number of powerful independent factors?

  • Jung's approach
  • Cattell's approach
  • Eysenck's approach (correct)
  • Freud's approach
  • According to Eysenck, which trait is associated with arousal and the ascending reticular activating system?

  • Extraversion (correct)
  • Psychoticism
  • Neuroticism
  • Stability
  • Which type of personality is more easily conditionable according to the text?

    <p>Introverts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Eysenck's approach, which dimension is represented by the trait psychoticism?

    <p>Psychoticism vs. Emotional Stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of data is obtained from lifetime records like report cards and friend's accounts according to Cattell?

    <p>L-data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between dispositional and situationalism in personality theories?

    <p>Dispositional focuses on enduring features, while situationalism emphasizes the influence of situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most unstructured test commonly used among the ones mentioned?

    <p>Rorschach test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test requires the subject to make a story from each depicted picture?

    <p>Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes cardinal traits in Allport's theory of personality?

    <p>They are influential, core traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test introduced by Jung applies time pressure in its administration?

    <p>Word Association Test (WAT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Cattell's approach to personality traits, what do surface traits represent?

    <p>Correlated traits that are not fundamental for understanding personality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Cattell reduce the initial 4500 traits to 171 elements in his personality factor analysis?

    <p>By using oblique factor analysis techniques.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inventory is NOT a projective test but has 10 clinical scales with clinical labels?

    <p>Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the lie scale in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

    <p>To detect response validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Allport's view on secondary traits?

    <p>Secondary traits are the least important and consistent traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is NOT one of the 10 empirically derived clinical scales used in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

    <p>Introversion-extroversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of personality theories, what does idiographic refer to?

    <p>'Idiographic' denotes unique individual traits that are not comparable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method did Kelly use to decipher one's personality in his personal construct theory?

    <p>Repertory grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cluster of personality disorders is generally associated with low reward-dependence according to the DSM?

    <p>Cluster A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the single trait in Rotter's locus of control theory used to measure personality attributes?

    <p>External and internal loci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory uses external and internal loci to measure personality attributes?

    <p>Cloninger's model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to McCrae & Costa, which trait decreases with age?

    <p>Openness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which personality trait increases with age according to McCrae & Costa?

    <p>Conscientiousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a temperamental dimension in Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality?

    <p>Novelty-seeking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Kelly's personal construct theory, what are the contrasting units called?

    <p>Constructs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of measurement can be derived from using constructs and elements according to Kelly's theory?

    <p>Formal thought disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which therapeutic model originated from the humanistic school of personality?

    <p>Client-Centered Therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major issue highlighted with trait theories according to the text?

    <p>Low correlation with observed behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the humanistic school differ from trait-based approaches in understanding personality?

    <p>Emphasizes uniqueness and growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

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