Theories of personality
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Questions and Answers

What type of data is obtained from questionnaires according to Cattell's approach?

  • Q-data (correct)
  • L-data
  • S-data
  • T-data

Which approach used orthogonal factor analysis to identify a small number of powerful independent factors?

  • Jung's approach
  • Cattell's approach
  • Eysenck's approach (correct)
  • Freud's approach

According to Eysenck, which trait is associated with arousal and the ascending reticular activating system?

  • Extraversion (correct)
  • Psychoticism
  • Neuroticism
  • Stability

Which type of personality is more easily conditionable according to the text?

<p>Introverts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Eysenck's approach, which dimension is represented by the trait psychoticism?

<p>Psychoticism vs. Emotional Stability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of data is obtained from lifetime records like report cards and friend's accounts according to Cattell?

<p>L-data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between dispositional and situationalism in personality theories?

<p>Dispositional focuses on enduring features, while situationalism emphasizes the influence of situations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most unstructured test commonly used among the ones mentioned?

<p>Rorschach test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test requires the subject to make a story from each depicted picture?

<p>Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cardinal traits in Allport's theory of personality?

<p>They are influential, core traits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which test introduced by Jung applies time pressure in its administration?

<p>Word Association Test (WAT) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Cattell's approach to personality traits, what do surface traits represent?

<p>Correlated traits that are not fundamental for understanding personality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Cattell reduce the initial 4500 traits to 171 elements in his personality factor analysis?

<p>By using oblique factor analysis techniques. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inventory is NOT a projective test but has 10 clinical scales with clinical labels?

<p>Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lie scale in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

<p>To detect response validity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Allport's view on secondary traits?

<p>Secondary traits are the least important and consistent traits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is NOT one of the 10 empirically derived clinical scales used in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

<p>Introversion-extroversion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of personality theories, what does idiographic refer to?

<p>'Idiographic' denotes unique individual traits that are not comparable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method did Kelly use to decipher one's personality in his personal construct theory?

<p>Repertory grid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cluster of personality disorders is generally associated with low reward-dependence according to the DSM?

<p>Cluster A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the single trait in Rotter's locus of control theory used to measure personality attributes?

<p>External and internal loci (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory uses external and internal loci to measure personality attributes?

<p>Cloninger's model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to McCrae & Costa, which trait decreases with age?

<p>Openness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which personality trait increases with age according to McCrae & Costa?

<p>Conscientiousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a temperamental dimension in Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality?

<p>Novelty-seeking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Kelly's personal construct theory, what are the contrasting units called?

<p>Constructs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of measurement can be derived from using constructs and elements according to Kelly's theory?

<p>Formal thought disturbances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic model originated from the humanistic school of personality?

<p>Client-Centered Therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major issue highlighted with trait theories according to the text?

<p>Low correlation with observed behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the humanistic school differ from trait-based approaches in understanding personality?

<p>Emphasizes uniqueness and growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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