Theories of personality

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What type of data is obtained from questionnaires according to Cattell's approach?

Q-data (correct)

L-data

S-data

T-data

Which approach used orthogonal factor analysis to identify a small number of powerful independent factors?

Jung's approach

Cattell's approach

Eysenck's approach (correct)

Freud's approach

According to Eysenck, which trait is associated with arousal and the ascending reticular activating system?

Extraversion (correct)

Psychoticism

Neuroticism

Stability

Which type of personality is more easily conditionable according to the text?

Introverts Signup and view all the answers

In Eysenck's approach, which dimension is represented by the trait psychoticism?

Psychoticism vs. Emotional Stability Signup and view all the answers

Which type of data is obtained from lifetime records like report cards and friend's accounts according to Cattell?

L-data Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between dispositional and situationalism in personality theories?

Dispositional focuses on enduring features, while situationalism emphasizes the influence of situations. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most unstructured test commonly used among the ones mentioned?

Rorschach test Signup and view all the answers

Which test requires the subject to make a story from each depicted picture?

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cardinal traits in Allport's theory of personality?

They are influential, core traits. Signup and view all the answers

Which test introduced by Jung applies time pressure in its administration?

Word Association Test (WAT) Signup and view all the answers

In Cattell's approach to personality traits, what do surface traits represent?

Correlated traits that are not fundamental for understanding personality. Signup and view all the answers

How did Cattell reduce the initial 4500 traits to 171 elements in his personality factor analysis?

By using oblique factor analysis techniques. Signup and view all the answers

Which inventory is NOT a projective test but has 10 clinical scales with clinical labels?

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lie scale in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

To detect response validity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Allport's view on secondary traits?

Secondary traits are the least important and consistent traits. Signup and view all the answers

Which term is NOT one of the 10 empirically derived clinical scales used in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory?

Introversion-extroversion Signup and view all the answers

In the context of personality theories, what does idiographic refer to?

'Idiographic' denotes unique individual traits that are not comparable. Signup and view all the answers

What method did Kelly use to decipher one's personality in his personal construct theory?

Repertory grid Signup and view all the answers

Which cluster of personality disorders is generally associated with low reward-dependence according to the DSM?

Cluster A Signup and view all the answers

What is the single trait in Rotter's locus of control theory used to measure personality attributes?

External and internal loci Signup and view all the answers

Which theory uses external and internal loci to measure personality attributes?

Cloninger's model Signup and view all the answers

According to McCrae & Costa, which trait decreases with age?

Openness Signup and view all the answers

Which personality trait increases with age according to McCrae & Costa?

Conscientiousness Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a temperamental dimension in Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality?

Novelty-seeking Signup and view all the answers

In Kelly's personal construct theory, what are the contrasting units called?

Constructs Signup and view all the answers

What type of measurement can be derived from using constructs and elements according to Kelly's theory?

Formal thought disturbances Signup and view all the answers

Which therapeutic model originated from the humanistic school of personality?

Client-Centered Therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a major issue highlighted with trait theories according to the text?

Low correlation with observed behavior Signup and view all the answers

How does the humanistic school differ from trait-based approaches in understanding personality?

Emphasizes uniqueness and growth Signup and view all the answers