Clinical Pharmacy Stage 4: Tuberculosis Introduction

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What is the type of disease that Tuberculosis is classified as?

Autoimmune
Chronic degenerative
Non-communicable
Communicable infectious (correct)

What is the causative agent of Tuberculosis?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (correct)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Escherichia coli

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Tuberculosis?

Communicable
Infectious
Benign (correct)
Chronic

What is the name of the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of Tuberculosis?

Death (B) Signup and view all the answers

How is M. tuberculosis typically transmitted from person to person?

Via aerosolized particles from coughing or other activities (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of M. tuberculosis transmission?

Aerosolized particles from respiratory activities (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is most likely to aerosolize M. tuberculosis?

Sneezing (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common route of M. tuberculosis transmission?

Airborne transmission through respiratory activities (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does M. tuberculosis primarily spread from one person to another?

Through respiratory activities that generate aerosolized particles (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is most likely to become infected with TB?

People living in close proximity to TB patients (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for progressing to active TB?

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is at a higher risk of developing active TB?

People with compromised immune systems (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant factor in the transmission of TB?

Prolonged close contact with TB patients (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why are close contacts of TB patients at a higher risk of infection?

Due to prolonged exposure to the bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended number of drugs to be used simultaneously for treating TB?

At least two (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT)?

To ensure completion of treatment (C) Signup and view all the answers

How long is the drug treatment typically continued for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)?

At least 18-24 months (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what cases may surgery be necessary?

To remove destroyed lung tissue, space-occupying lesions, and some extrapulmonary lesions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using multiple drugs simultaneously in TB treatment?

To prevent drug resistance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the data in guiding the initial drug selection for a new patient?

To select the most effective treatment regimen (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for the therapy that involves direct observation of the patient taking medication?

DOT (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is typically used in combination with isoniazid and pyrazinamide?

RIF (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including ethambutol in the treatment regimen for pulmonary tuberculosis?

To reduce the risk of resistance to isoniazid (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using directly observed therapy in treating pulmonary tuberculosis?

It ensures patient adherence to the treatment regimen (C) Signup and view all the answers