Clinical Chemistry: Liver Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary functions of the human liver?

  • Metabolization of carbohydrates
  • Production of bile (correct)
  • Regulation of cardiovascular system
  • Metabolization of fats
  • Where is albumin primarily produced?

  • Lungs
  • Heart
  • Liver (correct)
  • Pancreas
  • What is the primary function of the hepatic duct?

  • Transportation of bile to the gallbladder and duodenum (correct)
  • Regulation of blood pressure
  • Storage of bilirubin
  • Filtration of blood
  • What is a unique feature of hepatocytes?

    <p>Contact with bile canaliculi and bile ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of bilirubin?

    <p>Poorly soluble in water at physiologic pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to bilirubin during conjugation?

    <p>It becomes more soluble in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bilirubin di-glucuronide?

    <p>A type of bilirubin that has two glucuronic acid molecules attached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of albumin production in the body?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of the urea cycle?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the yellow color of urine?

    <p>Presence of stercobilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a detoxification marker of the liver?

    <p>Serum albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the brown color of stool?

    <p>Presence of stercobilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location where ammonia is transferred to?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of post-hepatic jaundice?

    <p>High level of conjugated bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of prehepatic jaundice?

    <p>Sickle cell anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color of urobilinogen?

    <p>Colorless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary product of conjugated bilirubin conversion by normal GI bacterial flora?

    <p>Colorless Urobilinogen and a brown-colored Urobilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fate of amino nitrogen in protein catabolism?

    <p>Converted to urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of pyruvate transamination in skeletal muscle in the glucose-alanine cycle?

    <p>Alanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine in the urea cycle?

    <p>Citrulline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary functions of the liver?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the globulin level in multiple myeloma?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of plasma ammonia levels in severe hepatocellular disease?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of drinking too much alcohol over long periods of time?

    <p>Alcoholic liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most sensitive indicator of jaundice?

    <p>Yellowing of sclera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of hepatic jaundice?

    <p>Impaired uptake, conjugation or excretion of bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of liver function tests?

    <p>To detect and diagnose liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the brown color of feces?

    <p>Stercobilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for producing albumin?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a function of the liver?

    <p>Regulation of body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is NOT related to the liver?

    <p>Vitamin C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary organ responsible for excreting 80% of the body's nitrogen as urea?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of conjugated bilirubin produced by GI bacterial flora?

    <p>Stercobilin and urobilinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is ammonia transported to after protein catabolism?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of bile salts?

    <p>Breakdown fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication of elevated serum alanine transaminase?

    <p>Hepatocytes damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

    <p>Bone mineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a liver disease that occurs when bile is reduced or blocked?

    <p>Cholestasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ALT and AST?

    <p>Indicating hepatocytes damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

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