16 Questions
What is the primary medium by which metabolic processes occur in the body?
Interstitial fluid
Which organ is primarily responsible for water excretion through urine?
Kidneys
Where is approximately 75% of the body's intravascular fluid located?
Extracellularly
Which mechanism requires energy or ATP to move ions against the concentration gradient?
Active transport
What type of pressure pulls water into the vessels, usually from diluted areas to concentrated areas?
Osmotic pressure
Which fluid compartment occupies approximately one-third of the body's total water?
Interstitial fluid
Which hormone stimulates water retention and reabsorption in the body?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the major intracellular cation?
Potassium
What is the critical value for hyponatremia?
120 mmol/L
Excessive water intake can lead to hyponatremia. Which medical condition is associated with excess water retention?
Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
Which disorder is characterized by excess water loss and can lead to hypernatremia?
Severe burns
Which endogenous antihypertensive agent blocks aldosterone, renin, and angiotensin II?
Atrial natriuretic peptide
What causes natriuresis and increased sodium excretion?
Increased sodium intake
Which factor promotes water retention and sodium dilution in the body?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the principal osmotic particle in extracellular fluid (ECF) osmolality?
Sodium
Which condition is defended against by the body's major defense mechanism 'Thirst'?
Hypernatremia
Test your knowledge of water balance, electrolytes, and the importance of water in the body. Explore the organs responsible for water excretion and understand the variations in total body water based on fat percentage.
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