Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the typical onset time for amylase to rise in cases of acute pancreatitis?
What is the typical onset time for amylase to rise in cases of acute pancreatitis?
- 1-2 hours
- 24 hours
- 5-8 hours (correct)
- 10-12 hours
At what point does amylase levels peak following the onset of acute pancreatitis?
At what point does amylase levels peak following the onset of acute pancreatitis?
- 12 hours
- 48 hours
- 24 hours (correct)
- 5 hours
How long does it typically take for amylase levels to normalize after an episode of acute pancreatitis?
How long does it typically take for amylase levels to normalize after an episode of acute pancreatitis?
- 3-5 days (correct)
- 7-10 days
- 10-14 days
- 1-2 days
How does the timing of lipase elevation compare to that of amylase in acute pancreatitis?
How does the timing of lipase elevation compare to that of amylase in acute pancreatitis?
What does the amylo-clastic method measure?
What does the amylo-clastic method measure?
What is the duration for which lipase levels remain elevated in acute pancreatitis?
What is the duration for which lipase levels remain elevated in acute pancreatitis?
What is the classic reference method that measures reducing sugars?
What is the classic reference method that measures reducing sugars?
What happens to the starch-iodine complex during the amylo-clastic method?
What happens to the starch-iodine complex during the amylo-clastic method?
Which component is essential for the saccharogenic method to function?
Which component is essential for the saccharogenic method to function?
What is the relationship between reducing sugars and amylase activity in the saccharogenic method?
What is the relationship between reducing sugars and amylase activity in the saccharogenic method?
What is the principle behind the chromogenic method of measuring amylase activity?
What is the principle behind the chromogenic method of measuring amylase activity?
In continuous-monitoring method for amylase activity, what type of change is measured?
In continuous-monitoring method for amylase activity, what type of change is measured?
What is the optimal pH for amylase activity?
What is the optimal pH for amylase activity?
What is indicated by an increase in color intensity in the chromogenic method for amylase?
What is indicated by an increase in color intensity in the chromogenic method for amylase?
Which of the following statements about the chromogenic method is true?
Which of the following statements about the chromogenic method is true?
What is the primary specimen type recommended for amylase testing?
What is the primary specimen type recommended for amylase testing?
What is the reference range for serum amylase in U/L?
What is the reference range for serum amylase in U/L?
Which factor is known to significantly affect most amylase measurement methods?
Which factor is known to significantly affect most amylase measurement methods?
What is the enzyme classification for lipase?
What is the enzyme classification for lipase?
Which of the following statements about lipase is correct?
Which of the following statements about lipase is correct?
Which substances act as accelerators for lipase activity?
Which substances act as accelerators for lipase activity?
What is the maximum recommended level of amylase in urine, as defined in the reference range?
What is the maximum recommended level of amylase in urine, as defined in the reference range?
Which of the following is NOT a function of lipase?
Which of the following is NOT a function of lipase?
What is the optimal pH for amylase (AMY) activity?
What is the optimal pH for amylase (AMY) activity?
Which of the following conditions is NOT a source of error affecting amylase (AMS) measurement?
Which of the following conditions is NOT a source of error affecting amylase (AMS) measurement?
How long can amylase (AMY) remain stable at room temperature?
How long can amylase (AMY) remain stable at room temperature?
Which medication is associated with falsely increasing amylase (AMS) levels?
Which medication is associated with falsely increasing amylase (AMS) levels?
What method is used to continuously monitor amylase activity?
What method is used to continuously monitor amylase activity?
At what temperature can amylase (AMY) be stored for up to 2 months without significant loss of activity?
At what temperature can amylase (AMY) be stored for up to 2 months without significant loss of activity?
Which of the following substances can falsely decrease amylase (AMS) levels?
Which of the following substances can falsely decrease amylase (AMS) levels?
What is measured at 340 nm in the continuous-monitoring method for amylase activity?
What is measured at 340 nm in the continuous-monitoring method for amylase activity?
Flashcards
Amylase Specimen Type
Amylase Specimen Type
Serum or heparinized plasma; avoid saliva contamination.
Amylase Saliva Contamination
Amylase Saliva Contamination
Saliva has much higher amylase than serum.
Hemolysis effect on Amylase
Hemolysis effect on Amylase
Usually doesn't affect, except for some specific tests.
Amylase Serum Reference Range
Amylase Serum Reference Range
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Amylase Urine Reference Range
Amylase Urine Reference Range
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Lipase Enzyme Classification
Lipase Enzyme Classification
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Lipase Function
Lipase Function
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Lipase Target Fats
Lipase Target Fats
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Lipase Activators
Lipase Activators
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Amylase Rise (Pancreatitis)
Amylase Rise (Pancreatitis)
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Lipase Rise (Pancreatitis)
Lipase Rise (Pancreatitis)
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Amyloclastic Method
Amyloclastic Method
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Saccharogenic Method
Saccharogenic Method
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Chromogenic Method
Chromogenic Method
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Continuous-Monitoring Method (Amy)
Continuous-Monitoring Method (Amy)
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Amylase Stability
Amylase Stability
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Amylase Inhibitors
Amylase Inhibitors
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Amylase Elevating Drugs
Amylase Elevating Drugs
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Study Notes
Amylase (AMS) Overview
- Specimen types: serum or heparinized plasma; avoid saliva contamination, which has 700 times higher amylase content than serum.
- Hemolysis generally does not affect most testing methods, except for coupled-enzyme methods involving peroxidase reactions.
- Reference range for serum: 28 to 100 U/L (37°C) or 0.5 to 1.7 µkat/L; urine reference range: 1 to 15 U/h.
Lipase (LPS) Function
- Enzyme classification: EC 3.1.1.3, known as triacylglycerol acylhydrolase.
- Hydrolyzes ester linkages in fats, producing alcohols and fatty acids.
- Primarily targets fatty acid residues at positions 1 and 3 of triglycerides.
- Colipase and bile salts act as accelerators for lipase activity.
Diagnostic Significance of Amylase in Acute Pancreatitis
- Amylase levels rise within 5-8 hours of onset, peak at 24 hours, and normalize after 3-5 days.
- Lipase levels rise within 4-8 hours, peak at 24 hours, and normalize after 7-14 days.
Assay Methods for Enzyme Activity of Amylase
- Amyloclastic Method: Measures disappearance of starch substrate, where hydrolysis releases iodine resulting in a decrease in dark-blue color intensity proportional to amylase concentration.
- Saccharogenic Method: Measures appearance of reducing sugars from starch hydrolysis, with results reported in Somogyi units.
- Chromogenic Method: Involves starch substrate linked to a chromogenic dye; hydrolysis yields soluble dye fragments, with increased color intensity proportional to amylase activity.
- Continuous-Monitoring Method: Monitors changes in absorbance of NAD+ at 340 nm to assess amylase activity, with optimal pH at 6.9.
Sources of Errors in Amylase Measurement
- Stability: Amylase remains stable at room temperature for 1 week and at 4°C for 2 months.
- Inhibitors that falsely lower amylase levels include increased plasma triglycerides, wheat germ lectin, and chelating agents like EDTA, citrate, and oxalate.
- Certain medications, particularly morphine and opiates, can cause falsely elevated amylase levels by inducing constriction in the sphincter of Oddi and pancreatic ducts, leading to the regurgitation of amylase into serum due to increased pressure.
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Description
This quiz covers the handling of specimens for amylase testing and its reference ranges in clinical chemistry. Understand the importance of avoiding saliva contamination and the effects of hemolysis on amylase levels. Test your knowledge on the correct procedures and reference values for serum and urine amylase.
