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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of amylase in carbohydrate digestion?
What is the primary function of amylase in carbohydrate digestion?
- To absorb glucose into the bloodstream
- To break down proteins into amino acids
- To synthesize glucose from maltose
- To hydrolyze alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides (correct)
Where is salivary amylase found?
Where is salivary amylase found?
- Small intestine
- Saliva (correct)
- Digestive enzymes
- Pancreatic juice
How does amylase activity change in response to high glucose levels?
How does amylase activity change in response to high glucose levels?
- It increases
- It is stimulated
- It is inhibited (correct)
- It remains the same
What is the optimal pH range for pancreatic amylase?
What is the optimal pH range for pancreatic amylase?
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What is the role of secretin and cholecystokinin in regulating amylase activity?
What is the role of secretin and cholecystokinin in regulating amylase activity?
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What is the final product of amylase-mediated carbohydrate digestion?
What is the final product of amylase-mediated carbohydrate digestion?
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Study Notes
Carbohydrate Digestion and Absorption: Amylase Enzyme
What is Amylase?
- A type of enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars
- Found in saliva and pancreatic juice
Functions of Amylase:
- Hydrolyzes alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides (starches)
- Breaks down starches into maltose and dextrins
Types of Amylase:
- Salivary amylase:
- Found in saliva
- Begins breaking down carbohydrates in the mouth
- Optimal pH: 6.8-7.2
- Pancreatic amylase:
- Found in pancreatic juice
- Active in the small intestine
- Optimal pH: 7.1-8.5
Mechanism of Action:
- Amylase binds to the substrate (starch) and cleaves the glycosidic bonds
- Releases maltose and dextrins, which are then further broken down into glucose
Regulation of Amylase Activity:
- pH-dependent: amylase activity is optimal at specific pH ranges
- Feedback inhibition: high glucose levels inhibit amylase activity
- Hormonal regulation: secretin and cholecystokinin stimulate pancreatic amylase secretion
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