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Questions and Answers
Which antibiotic is contraindicated in pediatric patients younger than one year of age due to its likely effects on the muscular and neuromuscular systems?
Which antibiotic is contraindicated in pediatric patients younger than one year of age due to its likely effects on the muscular and neuromuscular systems?
- Clindamycin
- Metronidazole
- Gentamicin
- Daptomycin (correct)
What is the mechanism of action of Metronidazole?
What is the mechanism of action of Metronidazole?
- Inhibiting cell wall synthesis
- Inhibiting protein synthesis by interacting with DNA (correct)
- Inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase
- Inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase
What is the spectrum of activity of Daptomycin?
What is the spectrum of activity of Daptomycin?
- Gram-negative bacteria
- Fungi
- Anaerobic bacteria and protozoa
- Gram-positive bacteria including MRSA (correct)
What is a common side effect of Metronidazole?
What is a common side effect of Metronidazole?
Why is Daptomycin not recommended for the treatment of pneumonia?
Why is Daptomycin not recommended for the treatment of pneumonia?
What type of organisms is Metronidazole effective against?
What type of organisms is Metronidazole effective against?
What is a contraindication for Daptomycin use?
What is a contraindication for Daptomycin use?
What is a common use of Metronidazole?
What is a common use of Metronidazole?
What is a major contraindication for the use of Quinolones in certain populations?
What is a major contraindication for the use of Quinolones in certain populations?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Quinolones?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Quinolones?
What is the primary mechanism of action of Quinolones?
What is the primary mechanism of action of Quinolones?
Which antibiotic is primarily used for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis?
Which antibiotic is primarily used for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis?
What is a significant side effect concern for Quinolones in pediatric populations?
What is a significant side effect concern for Quinolones in pediatric populations?
Which generation of Quinolones includes Moxifloxacin?
Which generation of Quinolones includes Moxifloxacin?
What is the primary route of administration for Rifampin?
What is the primary route of administration for Rifampin?
What is the typical treatment duration for TB using Rifampin and other antibiotics?
What is the typical treatment duration for TB using Rifampin and other antibiotics?
What is the primary adverse effect of clindamycin with oral administration?
What is the primary adverse effect of clindamycin with oral administration?
What is the target of Chloramphenicol in protein synthesis?
What is the target of Chloramphenicol in protein synthesis?
What is the main use of Chloramphenicol in the United States?
What is the main use of Chloramphenicol in the United States?
Which antibiotic is contraindicated in patients with a history of pseudomembranous colitis?
Which antibiotic is contraindicated in patients with a history of pseudomembranous colitis?
What is the spectrum of activity of Quinolones?
What is the spectrum of activity of Quinolones?
Which antibiotic is active against many types of Gram positive bacteria, especially staphylococci?
Which antibiotic is active against many types of Gram positive bacteria, especially staphylococci?
What is the common side effect of intravaginal administration of antibiotics?
What is the common side effect of intravaginal administration of antibiotics?
Which antibiotic is used to treat eye infections such as conjunctivitis?
Which antibiotic is used to treat eye infections such as conjunctivitis?
Study Notes
Clindamycin
- Administered intravaginally, with common side effects including vaginal candidiasis and suprainfection
- When taken orally, primary adverse effects include pseudomembranous colitis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
- Contraindicated in patients with a history of pseudomembranous colitis
Chloramphenicol
- Administered orally, intravenously, and topically (ocular and ear preparations)
- Effective against conjunctivitis and ear infections, and as an alternative for meningitis and typhoid treatment
- Causes bone marrow damage, and its use is limited in the United States due to risks
Fusidic
- Administered topically, ocularly, orally, and intravenously
- Active against Gram-positive bacteria, especially staphylococci, but less effective against streptococci
- Used for skin and eye bacterial infections, often combined with a steroid in creams
Quinolones
- Includes examples such as Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, and Moxifloxacin
- Active against Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA
- Effective in treating diabetic foot infections and Prosthetic joint infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria
Daptomycin
- Contraindicated in pneumonia treatment due to inactivation by pulmonary surfactant
- Not recommended for pediatric patients under one year old due to potential effects on muscular and neuromuscular systems
- Side effects include myopathy
Metronidazole
- Mechanism of action involves protein synthesis inhibition by interacting with DNA and causing cell death
- Active against anaerobic bacteria, protozoa, and effective in treating diarrhea, trichomoniasis, and amoebiasis
- Side effects include metallic taste, confusion, and potential superinfection with fungal or bacterial growth
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Description
This quiz covers the common side effects and contraindications of clindamycin, including pseudomembranous colitis and Clostridium difficile overgrowth.
