Clindamycin Side Effects and Contraindications
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Questions and Answers

Which antibiotic is contraindicated in pediatric patients younger than one year of age due to its likely effects on the muscular and neuromuscular systems?

  • Clindamycin
  • Metronidazole
  • Gentamicin
  • Daptomycin (correct)
  • What is the mechanism of action of Metronidazole?

  • Inhibiting cell wall synthesis
  • Inhibiting protein synthesis by interacting with DNA (correct)
  • Inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase
  • Inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase
  • What is the spectrum of activity of Daptomycin?

  • Gram-negative bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Anaerobic bacteria and protozoa
  • Gram-positive bacteria including MRSA (correct)
  • What is a common side effect of Metronidazole?

    <p>Metallic taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Daptomycin not recommended for the treatment of pneumonia?

    <p>Pulmonary surfactant inactivates Daptomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organisms is Metronidazole effective against?

    <p>Anaerobic bacteria and protozoa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for Daptomycin use?

    <p>Pediatric patients younger than one year of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common use of Metronidazole?

    <p>Treatment of diarrhea due to intestinal ameobiases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major contraindication for the use of Quinolones in certain populations?

    <p>Pregnant women and children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Quinolones?

    <p>They have a broad spectrum of activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Quinolones?

    <p>Inhibiting DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is primarily used for the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis?

    <p>Rifampin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant side effect concern for Quinolones in pediatric populations?

    <p>Permanent damage to growing cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation of Quinolones includes Moxifloxacin?

    <p>Fourth generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for Rifampin?

    <p>Oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment duration for TB using Rifampin and other antibiotics?

    <p>6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect of clindamycin with oral administration?

    <p>Pseudomembranous colitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target of Chloramphenicol in protein synthesis?

    <p>50S subunit ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Chloramphenicol in the United States?

    <p>Alternative treatment for typhoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is contraindicated in patients with a history of pseudomembranous colitis?

    <p>Clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spectrum of activity of Quinolones?

    <p>Gram negative bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is active against many types of Gram positive bacteria, especially staphylococci?

    <p>Fusidic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common side effect of intravaginal administration of antibiotics?

    <p>Vaginal candidiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is used to treat eye infections such as conjunctivitis?

    <p>Chloramphenicol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Clindamycin

    • Administered intravaginally, with common side effects including vaginal candidiasis and suprainfection
    • When taken orally, primary adverse effects include pseudomembranous colitis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
    • Contraindicated in patients with a history of pseudomembranous colitis

    Chloramphenicol

    • Administered orally, intravenously, and topically (ocular and ear preparations)
    • Effective against conjunctivitis and ear infections, and as an alternative for meningitis and typhoid treatment
    • Causes bone marrow damage, and its use is limited in the United States due to risks

    Fusidic

    • Administered topically, ocularly, orally, and intravenously
    • Active against Gram-positive bacteria, especially staphylococci, but less effective against streptococci
    • Used for skin and eye bacterial infections, often combined with a steroid in creams

    Quinolones

    • Includes examples such as Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Sparfloxacin, and Moxifloxacin
    • Active against Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA
    • Effective in treating diabetic foot infections and Prosthetic joint infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria

    Daptomycin

    • Contraindicated in pneumonia treatment due to inactivation by pulmonary surfactant
    • Not recommended for pediatric patients under one year old due to potential effects on muscular and neuromuscular systems
    • Side effects include myopathy

    Metronidazole

    • Mechanism of action involves protein synthesis inhibition by interacting with DNA and causing cell death
    • Active against anaerobic bacteria, protozoa, and effective in treating diarrhea, trichomoniasis, and amoebiasis
    • Side effects include metallic taste, confusion, and potential superinfection with fungal or bacterial growth

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    Description

    This quiz covers the common side effects and contraindications of clindamycin, including pseudomembranous colitis and Clostridium difficile overgrowth.

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