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Questions and Answers
Besides burning fossil fuels, what other natural events can cause shifts in weather patterns?
Besides burning fossil fuels, what other natural events can cause shifts in weather patterns?
Changes in the sun's activity or large volcanic eruptions.
What are two examples of greenhouse gases?
What are two examples of greenhouse gases?
CO2 and CHy.
What is one of the effects of climate change on precipitation patterns?
What is one of the effects of climate change on precipitation patterns?
Changing precipitation patterns.
Besides extreme weather events, name two other specific effects of climate change.
Besides extreme weather events, name two other specific effects of climate change.
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What has been the main driver of climate change since the 1800s?
What has been the main driver of climate change since the 1800s?
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What concept is crucial for addressing the effects of climate change?
What concept is crucial for addressing the effects of climate change?
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Name two things that are put at risk by climate change.
Name two things that are put at risk by climate change.
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Name two types of pollution mentioned in the text?
Name two types of pollution mentioned in the text?
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What type of cooperation is necessary to address the effects of climate change?
What type of cooperation is necessary to address the effects of climate change?
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What is one effect of overpopulation on resources?
What is one effect of overpopulation on resources?
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What type of growth is associated with population increases?
What type of growth is associated with population increases?
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What is the projected global population by 2100?
What is the projected global population by 2100?
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What is a major cause of deforestation, as detailed in the text?
What is a major cause of deforestation, as detailed in the text?
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Approximately how much of the planet's land area was once covered by tropical forests?
Approximately how much of the planet's land area was once covered by tropical forests?
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What is one consequence of deforestation, other than habitat loss?
What is one consequence of deforestation, other than habitat loss?
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What is meant by ‘carrying capacity’ in relation to overpopulation?
What is meant by ‘carrying capacity’ in relation to overpopulation?
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What is the definition of living sustainably, based on the text?
What is the definition of living sustainably, based on the text?
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Define natural capital, according to the text.
Define natural capital, according to the text.
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According to this document, what is the most scarce resource?
According to this document, what is the most scarce resource?
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What percentage of a population, according to the text, can bring about changes to a society?
What percentage of a population, according to the text, can bring about changes to a society?
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What was the average proportion of people living below the poverty line in ASEAN countries in 2018?
What was the average proportion of people living below the poverty line in ASEAN countries in 2018?
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According to Rogers et al. (1997), what are the three pillars of sustainability?
According to Rogers et al. (1997), what are the three pillars of sustainability?
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What is the primary function of the 'ecological' pillar of sustainability?
What is the primary function of the 'ecological' pillar of sustainability?
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Name three components of the 'environment' pillar of sustainability.
Name three components of the 'environment' pillar of sustainability.
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According to the World Commission on Environment and Development (1987), what is a key aspect of the 'economic' pillar of sustainability?
According to the World Commission on Environment and Development (1987), what is a key aspect of the 'economic' pillar of sustainability?
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What does maintaining stability of social and cultural systems mean for the 'social-cultural' pillar?
What does maintaining stability of social and cultural systems mean for the 'social-cultural' pillar?
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What are some of the key elements under the 'society' pillar of sustainability?
What are some of the key elements under the 'society' pillar of sustainability?
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What three main factors have sustained life on Earth for billions of years?
What three main factors have sustained life on Earth for billions of years?
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Besides providing energy for photosynthesis, what is another role of solar energy?
Besides providing energy for photosynthesis, what is another role of solar energy?
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How does biodiversity contribute to the sustainability of ecosystems?
How does biodiversity contribute to the sustainability of ecosystems?
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Name two ways that biodiversity renews the environment.
Name two ways that biodiversity renews the environment.
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What is the key difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable resource?
What is the key difference between a renewable and a nonrenewable resource?
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Provide an example of an inexhaustible resource.
Provide an example of an inexhaustible resource.
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What is meant by the term 'sustainable yield' in relation to renewable resources?
What is meant by the term 'sustainable yield' in relation to renewable resources?
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Define 'environmental degradation' in the context of resource use.
Define 'environmental degradation' in the context of resource use.
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What are two examples of natural services provided by the environment?
What are two examples of natural services provided by the environment?
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What are the three main strategies for sustainable resource use?
What are the three main strategies for sustainable resource use?
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What is the relationship between natural capital, natural resources, and ecosystem services?
What is the relationship between natural capital, natural resources, and ecosystem services?
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Name two examples of nonrenewable natural resources.
Name two examples of nonrenewable natural resources.
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Explain the role of decomposition in nutrient cycling.
Explain the role of decomposition in nutrient cycling.
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What is the difference between reusing and recycling?
What is the difference between reusing and recycling?
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According to the report, what was the approximate percentage increase in renewable energy share in total energy consumption in ASEAN between 2016 and 2020?
According to the report, what was the approximate percentage increase in renewable energy share in total energy consumption in ASEAN between 2016 and 2020?
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Which two ASEAN countries had the highest share of renewable energy sources according to the 2022 report?
Which two ASEAN countries had the highest share of renewable energy sources according to the 2022 report?
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Based on the provided data, what conclusion can be drawn about the change in the percentage of renewable energy use in ASEAN countries between 2016 and 2020?
Based on the provided data, what conclusion can be drawn about the change in the percentage of renewable energy use in ASEAN countries between 2016 and 2020?
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What does the lack of significant change in renewable energy share in ASEAN between 2016 and 2020 indicate about the region’s energy transition?
What does the lack of significant change in renewable energy share in ASEAN between 2016 and 2020 indicate about the region’s energy transition?
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What specific type of data does this report primarily focus on, relating to sustainable development goals within ASEAN?
What specific type of data does this report primarily focus on, relating to sustainable development goals within ASEAN?
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Flashcards
Overpopulation
Overpopulation
The total number of people living on Earth exceeding the Earth's ability to support them sustainably.
Population Growth
Population Growth
The rapid increase in the number of people living on Earth.
Carrying Capacity
Carrying Capacity
The ability of a planet to support a certain population, considering available resources like food, water, and space.
Deforestation
Deforestation
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Monoculture
Monoculture
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Species-Rich Forests
Species-Rich Forests
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Habitat
Habitat
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Habitat Loss
Habitat Loss
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Climate Change
Climate Change
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Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse Gases
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Fossil Fuel Emissions
Fossil Fuel Emissions
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Effects of Climate Change
Effects of Climate Change
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Climate Change Mitigation
Climate Change Mitigation
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Climate Change Adaptation
Climate Change Adaptation
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Sustainability
Sustainability
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Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development
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Resilience
Resilience
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Robustness
Robustness
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Three Pillars of Sustainability
Three Pillars of Sustainability
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Economic Sustainability
Economic Sustainability
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Ecological Sustainability
Ecological Sustainability
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Social-cultural Sustainability
Social-cultural Sustainability
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Biodiversity
Biodiversity
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Adaptability
Adaptability
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Chemical Cycling
Chemical Cycling
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Natural capital
Natural capital
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Environmental Sustainability
Environmental Sustainability
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Living Off Natural Income
Living Off Natural Income
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Natural Income
Natural Income
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Time As a Scarce Resource
Time As a Scarce Resource
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Renewable Energy Share
Renewable Energy Share
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Renewable Energy Growth
Renewable Energy Growth
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ASEAN Leaders in Renewable Energy
ASEAN Leaders in Renewable Energy
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Fossil Fuel Dependence
Fossil Fuel Dependence
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Renewable Energy Transition
Renewable Energy Transition
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Resource
Resource
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Sustainable Resource Use
Sustainable Resource Use
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Inexhaustible Resource
Inexhaustible Resource
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Renewable Resource
Renewable Resource
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Nonrenewable Resource
Nonrenewable Resource
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Sustainable Yield
Sustainable Yield
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Environmental Degradation
Environmental Degradation
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Natural Services
Natural Services
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Decomposition
Decomposition
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Study Notes
Lecture 1 - Environment and Sustainability
- Professor: Dr. Sandhya Babel
- Institution: School of Bio-Chemical Engineering & Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University
Current Global Environmental Issues
- Global Warming: A significant issue, needing further investigation.
- Acid Rains: Formed by the reaction of different gases (SO2, NOx, etc.) with water vapor in the atmosphere.
- Ozone Depletion: A significant concern, requiring further study.
- Waste Disposal: A global problem needing effective solutions.
- Air Pollution: Various pollutants contribute to this issue.
- Natural Resource Depletion: Resources are being depleted at an alarming rate.
- Water Pollution: Harmful substances contaminate water sources.
- Destruction of Forests: Forests are being destroyed at a concerning rate.
- Overpopulation: The global population is increasing at an unsustainable rate.
Public Health Issues
- Acid Rain
- Ozone Layer Depletion
- Deforestation
- Loss of Biodiversity
- Ocean Acidification
- Waste Disposal
- Overpopulation
- Global Warming
- Pollution (air, soil)
Global Environmental Issues - Overpopulation
- Overpopulation: The human population exceeds Earth's carrying capacity
- Population Growth: Rapid growth in the last 50 years
- Future Projections: By 2100, the global population is projected to reach 10.8 billion
- Resource Strain: Overpopulation stresses resources, leading to higher demands
- Ecological Degradation: Consumption contributes to environmental degradation
- Conflicts & Disasters: Conflicts and disasters, like pandemics, are consequences.
Global Environmental Issues - Deforestation
- Species Loss: Extensive destruction of species-rich wild forests, especially in the tropics
- Reasons: Cattle ranching, soybean or palm oil plantations, and agricultural monocultures
- Rate of Destruction: About 7.3 million hectares per year, mostly in the tropics
- Forest Coverage: Tropical forests now cover 6-7% of the planet, with significant degradation.
- Methods: Logging and burning are primary causes.
Global Environmental Issues - Water Pollution
- Contamination: Harmful substances (chemicals and microorganisms) contaminate water bodies.
- Sources: Industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, municipal sewage, accidental oil spills, and mining.
- Impacts: Degrades water quality, renders water toxic to humans and the environment
Global Environmental Issues - Waste
- Waste Management: A key global concern, related to the accumulation and improper disposal of various wastes.
- Causes: Rapid population growth, urbanization, industrial activities, consumerism, and inadequate waste management infrastructure.
- Impacts: Increased waste generation, concentration in urban areas, hazardous industrial waste, excessive consumption, and poor disposal practices.
Global Environmental Issues - Air Pollution & Climate Change
- Causes: Burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial activities
- Atmospheric CO2: Concentrations have increased from 280 ppm to approximately 400 ppm.
- The Effect: Climate change (long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns) is primarily caused by human activity (burning fossil fuels after 1800s)
- Impacts: Extreme weather events, rising temperatures, sea-level rise, changing precipitation patterns, disruptions to ecosystems, risks to agriculture & food security, and health impacts.
Sustainability & Sustainable Development
- Definition of Sustainability: The ability of the Earth's various natural systems and human cultural systems and economies to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions over the long term.
- Origin: Forestry, fisheries, and groundwater management initially focused on concepts of maximum sustainable cut, maximum sustainable yield, and maximum sustainable pumping rate.
- Practical Applications: Examples relate to the amount of harvest/removal of finite resources that can be done now without reducing or diminishing future yields.
Pillars of Sustainability
- Environmental: A viable natural environment, sustainable natural and built environment
- Economic: Maximizing income while maintaining a constant or increasing stock of capital. Maintaining resilience and robustness of biological and physical systems (ecological). Maintaining stability of social-cultural systems
- Social: Nurturing a community, equitable social environment, and sufficient economy
Pillars of Sustainability - Environment
- Biodiversity
- Materials
- Energy
- Biophysical Interactions
Pillars of Sustainability - Economy
- Money and capital
- Employment
- Technological Growth
- Investment
- Market Forces
Pillars of Sustainability - Society
- Human diversity
- Equity
- Quality of Life
- Institutional Structures
- Political Structures
Principles of Sustainability
- Life on Earth: Sustained by solar energy, biodiversity, and chemical cycling. Dependant on the sun and natural capital.
- Solar Energy: Warms the earth, provides energy for photosynthesis, powers the hydrologic cycle, and provides energy sources for conversion into electricity.
- Biodiversity: Ecosystem services (soil renewal, air/water purification), adaptability, many ecosystems (deserts, forests, oceans, grasslands).
- Chemical Cycling: Natural processes recycle nutrients, recycling is necessary, chemical cycles sustain life, waste in nature can be a resource.
Living More Sustainably
- Sustainability: Central theme
- Natural Capital: Natural resources & ecosystem services
- Human activities: Degrade resources faster, cause pollution.
What is a resource?
- Anything obtained from the environment, potentially requiring technology or readily available.
- Sustainable Solutions: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover
Natural Capital
- Natural Resources: Air, water, minerals.
- Ecosystem Services: Air purification, climate control, waste treatment.
Types of Resources
- Inexhaustible resources: Perpetually available (sunlight).
- Renewable resources: Replenished by natural processes (e.g., wind, water).
- Nonrenewable resources: Available in fixed amounts (e.g., fossil fuels, minerals).
Natural Resources (cont.)
- Perpetual: Renew continuously (solar energy, wind, flowing water).
- Renewable: Days to centuries (air, water, soil, plants, forests, fish).
- Nonrenewable: Fixed quantities (minerals, energy from fossil fuels, etc.).
- Sustainable yield: Highest use while maintaining the supply
- Environmental degradation: Use exceeds natural replacement rate
Natural Services
- Purification of air and water
- Nutrient cycling
Resource Use and Environmental Impact
- Industrialized Countries: 17% of world's population, 88% of resources and 75% of pollution.
- Developing Countries: 83% of world's population, use few resources per capita, smaller per capita ecological footprint
Ecological Footprints
- Biologically productive land and water needed.
- Renewable resources and waste/pollution absorption.
- Ecological deficit: Use is greater than nature can replenish, adverse environmental impacts (upcycling can mitigate).
- Growth of ecological footprints: Leads to degradation of natural capital, pollution, & waste.
Recent Global Measures (MDGs)
- 2000: UN adopted a set of 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), aimed at halving extreme poverty by 2015
- 2018 and 2020: Many did not reach these original goals, but it raised awareness and generated partnerships and mobilized global efforts.
Latest Global Measures (SDGs)
- 2015: UN adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with 169 measurable targets. Developed by stakeholders from developed and developing countries.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the causes and effects of climate change, including greenhouse gases and their impact on weather patterns. Explore how factors like overpopulation and deforestation contribute to environmental challenges. This quiz will deepen your understanding of critical ecological issues.