40 Questions
Which duct forms a remnant called Gartner duct in females?
Paramesonephric (Müllerian) Duct
What is the main characteristic of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome?
Presence of an absent uterus
Which duct develops into internal male genitalia in XY individuals?
Mesonephric (Wolffian) Duct
What causes the regression of the Paramesonephric (Müllerian) Duct in XY individuals?
The action of Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF)
What is the main role of Leydig cells in the testes?
To produce testosterone
What is the result of 5α-reductase deficiency?
Development of male internal genitalia and atypical external genitalia
Which of the following is part of the male external genitalia?
Penis
Which of the following is part of the female internal genitalia?
Fallopian tubes
What can uterine (Müllerian duct) anomalies cause?
Fertility issues and complicated pregnancies
What is the common treatment for septate uterus?
Septoplasty
Which process is involved in the formation of cleft lip?
Intermaxillary segment
Which process is involved in the formation of cleft palate?
Palatine shelves (2° palate)
Which duct develops into female internal structures?
Müllerian Duct (Paramesonephric Duct)
Which gene on the Y chromosome leads to testes development?
SRY gene
Which cells secrete Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF)?
Sertoli cells
Which cells secrete androgens that stimulate the development of mesonephric ducts?
Leydig cells
Which structures develop as a result of female default development?
Metanephric kidney, Ureter, Uterus, Vagina, Oviduct, and Urinary bladder
Which structures develop as a result of male development?
Testis, Epididymis, Vas deferens, and Urinary bladder
What does the Müllerian Duct regress into in males?
Appendix testis
Which duct develops into male internal structures (except prostate)?
Wolffian Duct (Mesonephric Duct)
Which structure is involved in the formation of cleft lip?
Frontonasal process
Which structure is involved in the formation of cleft palate?
Palatine shelves
Which structure develops into the fallopian tubes in females?
Müllerian Duct
Which structure develops into the seminal vesicles in males?
Wolffian Duct
What is the role of Sertoli cells in male development?
Suppress development of paramesonephric ducts
What is the main role of Leydig cells in the testes?
Produce androgens
Which structure develops as a result of female default development?
Uterus
Which structure develops as a result of male development?
Epididymis
What does the Müllerian Duct regress into in males?
Appendix testis
Which structure forms the 2° palate in the development of cleft palate?
Palatine shelves
Which of the following is a characteristic of Müllerian Agenesis (Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome)?
Presence of a blind vaginal pouch
Which duct develops into internal female genitalia in XX individuals?
Paramesonephric (Müllerian) Duct
Which cells in the testes secrete Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF)?
Sertoli cells
What is the result of 5α-reductase deficiency?
Male internal genitalia development
Which of the following is part of the male external genitalia?
Prostate
Which duct develops into male internal structures (except prostate) in XY individuals?
Mesonephric (Wolffian) Duct
Which duct forms a remnant called Gartner duct in females?
Mesonephric (Wolffian) Duct
Which cells secrete androgens that stimulate the development of mesonephric ducts?
Leydig cells
What is the main characteristic of Uterine (Müllerian duct) anomalies?
Increased risk of complicated pregnancies
What is the common treatment for septate uterus?
Septoplasty
Study Notes
Development of Genitalia
- Wolffian duct develops into internal male genitalia in XY individuals
- Müllerian duct develops into internal female genitalia in XX individuals
- Mesonephric duct develops into male internal structures (except prostate) in XY individuals
- Paramesonephric duct develops into female internal structures
Regression of Ducts
- Müllerian duct regresses into a remnant called Gartner duct in females
- Paramesonephric duct regresses in XY individuals due to the action of Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF)
Hormones and Factors
- Leydig cells secrete androgens that stimulate the development of mesonephric ducts
- Sertoli cells secrete Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF)
- 5α-reductase deficiency results in undersized genitalia and prostate gland
Syndromes and Anomalies
- Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome: main characteristic is the absence of the uterus and vagina
- Uterine (Müllerian duct) anomalies: can cause infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and premature birth
- Common treatment for septate uterus is surgery to remove the septum
Formation of Cleft Lip and Palate
- Frontonasal prominence is involved in the formation of cleft lip
- Palatal shelves are involved in the formation of cleft palate
- The secondary palate forms from the palatal shelves
Development of External Genitalia
- Genital tubercle is part of the male external genitalia
- Ovary is part of the female internal genitalia
Genes and Development
- SRY gene on the Y chromosome leads to testes development
- Default development in the absence of the SRY gene leads to female internal genitalia
- In the presence of the SRY gene, male development occurs
Test your knowledge on cleft lip and cleft palate with this quiz! Learn about the processes involved in their formation and the structures affected. Discover the connection between cleft lip and cleft palate.
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