Cleavage: Early Embryonic Development

<p>The trophoblast forms the fetal placental contribution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epiblast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compaction is essential for the establishment of a clear distinction between the inner and outer cell masses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They share the same genetic material. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent additional sperm from reaching the zygote (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides a protective barrier for the embryo from the maternal immune system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The trophoblast forms the placenta and contributes to implantation, while the ICM forms the embryo. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are all transcription factors involved in regulating gene expression. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a complete separation of the head and torso. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 8-cell stage of cleavage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To invade uterine tissue and establish contact with maternal blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ZP lacks the histocompatibility antigens usually found in the mother. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implantation in an abnormal site outside the uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ovarian follicle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The uterine tissue responds to the embryo's invasion by forming a protective barrier. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A lack of specific hormones in the uterine lining (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mammalian cleavage utilizes a strategy that is more dependent on external nutrient sources from the mother. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eventually develop into the placenta, enabling nutrient exchange with the mother. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for the development of identical twins when the blastomeres separate into two distinct embryos. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is formed by the accumulation of fluid secreted between inner blastomeres, driven by sodium transport. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cadherin plays a key role in cell-cell adhesion, holding cells together during development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cleavage precedes the formation of the blastocyst, with the blastocyst arising from the resulting blastomeres. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rapid cell divisions of the zygote that begin ~24 hours after fertilization.

A cell that can develop into a complete organism.

A solid ball of cells formed after several rounds of cleavage.

A hollow ball of cells formed after zygote cleavage.

The resulting daughter cells from the division of the zygote.

A fluid-filled cavity within the blastocyst.

The formation of the blastocoel due to fluid secretions among inner blastomeres.

A calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein essential for cell-cell connections.

A mammalian serine protease associated with E-cadherin at the embryo's 8-cell stage.

The cluster of cells in the blastocyst that will become the embryo.

The outer cell mass of the blastocyst that forms the interface with the mother and contributes to the placenta.

The process at the 8-cell stage where blastomeres adhere tightly, forming a 16-cell morula.

A gene necessary for maintaining pluripotency in early embryonic development.

A signaling molecule vital for blastocyst development and implantation into the uterine wall.

Twins that originate from one fertilized egg, sharing the same genetic material.

The transformation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells to support the embryo post-implantation.

A form of conjoined twins with side-by-side connection, sharing a pelvis.

Asymmetrical twin formation where one twin dominates nutrient supply from the placenta.

Occurs after compaction; cell numbers continue to increase leading to a blastocyst.

Protective layer that promotes oocyte maturation, prevents polyspermy, and acts as a filter.

Multinucleated layer formed by fusion of cytotrophoblast cells during implantation.

Two layers formed from the inner cell mass, creating the bilaminar disk during development.

Implantation occurring outside the normal uterine location, often in the fallopian tubes.

The process starts 6-7 days post-fertilization as the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall.

Embryos break through the zona pellucida just before implantation using secreted proteases.