Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of disease is caused by an abnormality in a person's gene or chromosomal makeup?
Which type of disease is caused by an abnormality in a person's gene or chromosomal makeup?
All inherited diseases are present at birth.
All inherited diseases are present at birth.
False
What term describes a protective immune response triggered by an injury or irritant?
What term describes a protective immune response triggered by an injury or irritant?
Inflammation
Down syndrome is an example of an abnormality of a __________.
Down syndrome is an example of an abnormality of a __________.
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Match the diseases with their causes:
Match the diseases with their causes:
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Which of the following is the most frequent type of trauma listed by the CDC?
Which of the following is the most frequent type of trauma listed by the CDC?
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Benign tumors are known to spread to other parts of the body.
Benign tumors are known to spread to other parts of the body.
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What are the signs of inflammation?
What are the signs of inflammation?
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Study Notes
Classification of Diseases
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Hereditary Diseases: Result from abnormalities in a person's genes or chromosomes.
- May or may not be present at birth.
- Congenital diseases are present at birth.
- Types:
- Single gene abnormalities (e.g., sickle cell anemia)
- Abnormalities in multiple genes (polygenic, e.g., gout, hypertension)
- Abnormalities in chromosomes (e.g., Down syndrome).
Trauma
- Caused by physical injury from an external force.
- A significant cause of death, especially in children and young adults.
- Common types of trauma include: motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), fires, poisonings, falls, suffocation, suicide, and homicide.
- MVAs are the most prevalent type of trauma.
Inflammation and Infection
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Inflammation: Protective immune response to injury or irritant.
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Infection: Invasion of microorganisms causing tissue damage.
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Inflammation often precedes infection.
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"Itis" suffix often indicates inflammation.
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Inflammatory Response Details:
- Reduces tissue damage, maintaining homeostasis
- Signs include redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
- Mediators like histamine, prostaglandins, and kinins cause blood vessel dilation, increased blood flow(redness and heat), white blood cell movement, and exudate buildup (swelling and pain) .
- Can be local or systemic, acute or chronic.
- Chronic inflammation can become a disease itself.
Tumors
- Oncology: Field studying cancers.
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Neoplasm: Abnormal cell growth.
- Benign tumors remain localized.
- Malignant tumors spread, forming secondary tumors.
- Metastasis: Spread of cancer cells from primary tumor to new locations.
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Hyperplasia/Neoplasm:
- Hyperplasia: Excessive growth.
- Neoplasm: New growth.
- Benign tumors often end in "-oma".
- Cancer: Malignant tumor.
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Description
Explore the various classifications of diseases, including hereditary diseases and trauma caused by physical injuries. Understand the differences between inflammation, infection, and its implications. This quiz will deepen your knowledge of health and disease processes.
