Philosophical Foundations of Education
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Questions and Answers

Match the educational philosophy with its aims:

Idealism = Focuses on spiritual, mental, and moral development Realism = Develops individual potential and meets personal needs Perennialism = Encourages rational thinking and understanding of universal truths Progressivism = Develops responsible and well-rounded individuals

Match the educational philosophy with its curriculum:

Idealism = Philosophy, Theology, History, Arts, and Values Education Pragmatism/Experimentalism = Integrates societal issues with interdisciplinary approaches Essentialism = Core skills and traditional subjects Existentialism = Varied content

Match the educational philosophy with its teaching methods:

Realism = Employs scientific methods and problem-solving Perennialism = Involves subject-centered teaching and discussions Progressivism = Uses problem-solving and cooperative learning Reconstructionism = Uses problem-solving and community projects

Match the educational philosophy with the role of teachers:

<p>Idealism = Acts as the creator of an inspiring educational environment Essentialism = Provides stimulating activities and maintains discipline Existentialism = Guides with principles and values Progressivism = Facilitates meaningful learning experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the educational philosophy with the role of the school:

<p>Realism = Focuses on discipline and learner superiority over subject matter Progressivism = Provides real-life experiences Pragmatism/Experimentalism = Acts as a miniature society for democratic living Perennialism = Produces intellectual elites</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the educational philosophy with its key focus:

<p>Essentialism = Prepares individuals to meet cultural demands Existentialism = Focuses on individual freedom and choice Reconstructionism = Addresses societal needs and promotes social change Pragmatism/Experimentalism = Focuses on social efficiency and innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the educational philosophy with its educational approach:

<p>Realism = Guides students in understanding physical forces and creating meaning Pragmatism/Experimentalism = Encourages experimental and project-based learning Idealism = Utilizes discussions, lectures, and meditation Existentialism = Employs inquiry-based approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the educational philosophy with its curriculum focus:

<p>Perennialism = Centers on Arts, Sciences, and great ideas Reconstructionism = Focuses on societal needs and problems Progressivism = Emphasizes life experiences and child-centered learning Idealism = Includes Philosophy, Theology, History, Arts, and Values Education</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Schools of Thought

Idealism

  • Focuses on spiritual, mental, and moral development.
  • Curriculum includes Philosophy, Theology, History, Arts, and Values Education.
  • Utilizes discussions, lectures, and meditation as teaching methods.
  • Teachers create inspiring educational environments.
  • Schools promote high cognitive and moral standards.

Realism

  • Aims to develop individual potential and cater to personal needs.
  • Combines subject matter with practical problem-solving skills in the curriculum.
  • Employs scientific methods and problem-solving techniques for teaching.
  • Teachers guide students in understanding physical forces and creating meaning.
  • Schools emphasize discipline and the learner's superiority over content.

Contemporary Schools of Thought

Perennialism

  • Encourages rational thinking and the understanding of universal truths.
  • Curriculum focuses on Arts, Sciences, and great ideas.
  • Involves subject-centered teaching and discussions.
  • Teachers act as intellectual disciplinarians.
  • Schools aim to produce intellectual elites.

Progressivism

  • Develops responsible and well-rounded individuals.
  • Emphasizes life experiences and child-centered learning in the curriculum.
  • Uses problem-solving and cooperative learning as teaching methods.
  • Facilitators of meaningful learning experiences serve as teachers.
  • Schools provide real-life experiences for students.

Pragmatism/Experimentalism

  • Focuses on social efficiency and innovation.
  • Integrates societal issues with interdisciplinary approaches in the curriculum.
  • Encourages experimental and project-based learning as teaching methods.
  • Teachers facilitate group work among students.
  • Schools act as miniature societies for democratic living.

Essentialism

  • Prepares individuals to meet cultural demands.
  • Curriculum includes core skills and traditional subjects.
  • Utilizes drills and deductive methods for teaching.
  • Teachers provide stimulating activities and maintain discipline.
  • Schools ensure mastery of essential skills.

Existentialism

  • Emphasizes individual freedom and choice.
  • Offers varied content in the curriculum.
  • Employs inquiry-based approaches for teaching.
  • Teachers guide students with principles and values.
  • Schools facilitate active interaction among learners.

Reconstructionism

  • Addresses societal needs and promotes social change.
  • Focuses on societal issues and problems in the curriculum.
  • Uses problem-solving and community projects as teaching methods.
  • Teachers encourage community involvement and problem-solving initiatives.
  • Schools serve as primary agents of social change.

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