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Organizations reduce risk by acquiring goods from multiple sources to minimize the risk of ending without any goods.
Organizations reduce risk by acquiring goods from multiple sources to minimize the risk of ending without any goods.
True
Organizations can produce more than necessary due to the advantages of division of labor and specialization.
Organizations can produce more than necessary due to the advantages of division of labor and specialization.
True
Exchange and coordination are not important within an organization due to the efficiency gained from work division.
Exchange and coordination are not important within an organization due to the efficiency gained from work division.
False
The possibility to buy just part of a firm instead of the whole reduces risks for the buyer.
The possibility to buy just part of a firm instead of the whole reduces risks for the buyer.
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The division of labor and specialization result in employees having similar abilities within an organization.
The division of labor and specialization result in employees having similar abilities within an organization.
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Efficiency is not a consideration for the existence of organizations.
Efficiency is not a consideration for the existence of organizations.
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McClelland's Theory of Achievement Motives emphasized the need to explore motivation in humans beyond biological deficit motives, developing a measurement method for psychogenic needs.
McClelland's Theory of Achievement Motives emphasized the need to explore motivation in humans beyond biological deficit motives, developing a measurement method for psychogenic needs.
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Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory is based on motivators and hygiene factors, influencing job design and personnel policy.
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory is based on motivators and hygiene factors, influencing job design and personnel policy.
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Modern Motivation Theories distinguish between intrinsic motivation (self-drive) and extrinsic motivation (external drive).
Modern Motivation Theories distinguish between intrinsic motivation (self-drive) and extrinsic motivation (external drive).
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Deci's cognitive evaluation theory challenged behaviorist theories, showing that extrinsic motivators can inhibit motivation.
Deci's cognitive evaluation theory challenged behaviorist theories, showing that extrinsic motivators can inhibit motivation.
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Alderfer proposed a model of motives, dividing them into existence, social attachment, and growth.
Alderfer proposed a model of motives, dividing them into existence, social attachment, and growth.
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Henry A. Murray's Theory of Person-Environment References listed complex and non-hierarchical human aspirations and formulated the achievement motive theory central to organizational and HR research.
Henry A. Murray's Theory of Person-Environment References listed complex and non-hierarchical human aspirations and formulated the achievement motive theory central to organizational and HR research.
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Wilhelm Wundt's appointment to the University of Leipzig founded psychology as an empirical science
Wilhelm Wundt's appointment to the University of Leipzig founded psychology as an empirical science
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Freud's psychoanalytic motivation theory is based on drive reduction and the concept of unconscious reasons for action
Freud's psychoanalytic motivation theory is based on drive reduction and the concept of unconscious reasons for action
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Clark L. Hull's Drive Theory is based on behaviorism and explains behavior as the interplay of needs and environmental states
Clark L. Hull's Drive Theory is based on behaviorism and explains behavior as the interplay of needs and environmental states
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Hull's theory mathematically formulates the law of habit formation and the concept of incentives
Hull's theory mathematically formulates the law of habit formation and the concept of incentives
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Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes basic physiological motives, security, and belonging as 'deficit needs'
Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes basic physiological motives, security, and belonging as 'deficit needs'
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Content theories of motivation from the 1950s focused on individual motivational factors, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Murray's theory, and Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
Content theories of motivation from the 1950s focused on individual motivational factors, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Murray's theory, and Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
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Metaphors involving the organization as a machine were not prominent in classical theories, shaping how we think and communicate
Metaphors involving the organization as a machine were not prominent in classical theories, shaping how we think and communicate
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Max Weber's bureaucracy theory emphasized the flexibility of rules in organizations, leading to innovative and adaptive associations
Max Weber's bureaucracy theory emphasized the flexibility of rules in organizations, leading to innovative and adaptive associations
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Classical management theory by Fayol focused on decentralizing the entire company and eliminating management activities from core tasks
Classical management theory by Fayol focused on decentralizing the entire company and eliminating management activities from core tasks
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The reduction of human decision-making in favor of control by machines and foremen was not central to the industrial revolution's influence on organizational theories
The reduction of human decision-making in favor of control by machines and foremen was not central to the industrial revolution's influence on organizational theories
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The organization as an instrument for achieving goals has origins in the Greek term 'Organon,' meaning tool or instrument
The organization as an instrument for achieving goals has origins in the Greek term 'Organon,' meaning tool or instrument
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Mechanistic thinking has faced no criticism and presents no challenges due to the world's complexity not aligning with a fixed system
Mechanistic thinking has faced no criticism and presents no challenges due to the world's complexity not aligning with a fixed system
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Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management principles include unity of management and tasks, congruence of tasks and responsibilities, and the necessity of staff specialists.
Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management principles include unity of management and tasks, congruence of tasks and responsibilities, and the necessity of staff specialists.
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Taylorism emphasizes the separation of manual and mental work, the function master system, and the use of money as a motivating factor.
Taylorism emphasizes the separation of manual and mental work, the function master system, and the use of money as a motivating factor.
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Classical management theories, such as Taylorism, do not share similarities in the process of planning, organization, coordination, and control, forming the basis for management practices like MBO and PPBS.
Classical management theories, such as Taylorism, do not share similarities in the process of planning, organization, coordination, and control, forming the basis for management practices like MBO and PPBS.
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Mechanistic views of organizations offer strengths like clear structuring and coordination but also have weaknesses in underestimating human aspects and lacking flexibility.
Mechanistic views of organizations offer strengths like clear structuring and coordination but also have weaknesses in underestimating human aspects and lacking flexibility.
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The Hawthorne experiments demonstrated the influence of psychological factors on work performance and marked a shift in organizational research towards the human relations movement.
The Hawthorne experiments demonstrated the influence of psychological factors on work performance and marked a shift in organizational research towards the human relations movement.
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The concept of motivation involves understanding sources of motivation, the ability to motivate individuals, and how organizations can control output through motivation.
The concept of motivation involves understanding sources of motivation, the ability to motivate individuals, and how organizations can control output through motivation.
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Study Notes
Classical Management Theories and Work Motivation
- Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management principles include unity of management and tasks, congruence of tasks and responsibilities, and the necessity of staff specialists.
- Taylorism, founded by Frederick Taylor, emphasizes the separation of manual and mental work, the function master system, and the use of money as a motivating factor.
- Classical management theories, such as Taylorism, share similarities in the process of planning, organization, coordination, and control, forming the basis for management practices like MBO and PPBS.
- Mechanistic views of organizations offer strengths like clear structuring and coordination but also have weaknesses in underestimating human aspects and lacking flexibility.
- The Hawthorne experiments demonstrated the influence of psychological factors on work performance and marked a shift in organizational research towards the human relations movement.
- The Hawthorne studies highlighted the impact of social needs on work performance and emphasized the importance of human nature in operational productivity.
- Organizational and HR research shifted towards focusing on the individual as a result of the Hawthorne studies, reflecting a paradigm shift.
- Fundamental work motivation research addresses the biological assumption that human beings have an "inner life" influencing organizational functioning.
- Motivation is defined as the entity of all motives leading to willingness to act and the human striving for goals, based on emotional and neuronal activity.
- The concept of motivation involves understanding sources of motivation, the ability to motivate individuals, and how organizations can control output through motivation.
- The mechanistic organization is criticized for not addressing the calibrated need structure of humans, leading to institutionalized passivity and alienation of the human being.
- The Hawthorne studies put the issue of work motivation on the organizational research agenda, emphasizing the influence of psychological factors on work performance.
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Description
Test your knowledge of classical management theories and work motivation with this quiz. Explore concepts such as Taylorism, mechanistic views of organizations, the Hawthorne studies, and the fundamental principles of work motivation.
