Class Policies and Midterm Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary purpose of paying attention according to bottleneck theories?

To increase the capacity of memory storage

To filter out most of the environment and focus on relevant stimuli (correct)

To enhance sensory perception for all objects

To multitask effectively in various environments

What distinguishes early selection theories from late selection theories?

Early selection applies primarily to auditory information, whereas late selection applies to visual information.

Early selection filters information based on semantic meaning, while late selection does so based on physical characteristics.

Early selection occurs after sensory processing, while late selection occurs before.

Early selection filters information during sensory processing, while late selection happens after semantic analysis. (correct)

Which of the following statements about the capacity limitations of our minds is true?

We can attend to multiple stimuli at once without any filtering.

Our mind has unlimited capacity to process environmental information.

We must select specific stimuli to attend to due to capacity limitations. (correct)

Filtering is unnecessary as all information is processed equally.

Which of the following scenarios illustrates late selection theory?

A person hears several conversations but focuses on the one that interests them. Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'bottleneck' apply to attention?

It represents the way our brain's processing capacity can limit the information we focus on. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main premise of selection-for-action theories?

Processing everything can lead to interference. Signup and view all the answers

What does Feature Integration Theory propose about attention?

Attention allows binding of multiple features into a coherent perception. Signup and view all the answers

What are illusory conjunctions according to Feature Integration Theory?

Inaccurate feature combinations due to lack of attention. Signup and view all the answers

In Treisman’s theory, how are unattended features processed?

They are attenuated rather than filtered. Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon demonstrates that we often overestimate our attention to the world around us?

Change blindness. Signup and view all the answers

What types of attentional filters can be used according to the content provided?

Modality-specific and spatial attention. Signup and view all the answers

What does the dichotic listening experiment illustrate about attention?

Specific features can be shadowed, but not fully ignored. Signup and view all the answers

How does distracted driving relate to the concept of meta-cognition?

It reveals a failure in our ability to assess attention limits. Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the difference between stimulus-driven and goal-directed attention?

Stimulus-driven attention is guided by external features, while goal-directed is internally controlled. Signup and view all the answers

How does attention to location-related details affect memory?

It improves memory for location-related details. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies stimulus-driven attention?

Hearing one's name called in a noisy environment. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following questions addresses the relationship between attention and consciousness?

Can attention be directed without conscious awareness? Signup and view all the answers

What does Attention Schema Theory propose about mental control?

Understanding a system's inner workings enhances mental control. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an erotic image have on attentional and judgment tasks, according to Jiang et al.'s findings?

It directs attention to its side, enhancing performance in related tasks. Signup and view all the answers

Internal attention relates to which of the following processes?

Maintaining working memory by discarding irrelevant information. Signup and view all the answers

What is one way Posner's cueing paradigm demonstrates attention?

It shows the speed at which attention can be drawn to new targets. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Quiz Policies

Quiz answers must be original work; do not discuss answers with others before class.
Students can review the readings during the quiz if needed.
Students may take the quiz outside of class, but will not be marked present for attendance purposes.
The lowest four quiz grades are dropped.

Midterm

Almost all midterm grades are available online.
Median score: 41/48 (85%).
Students can contact their TA to review questions.

Paper 2

Paper 2 proposal due November 7th.

Attendance

Other

No class on Monday, November 4th.
Next class is Wednesday, November 6th.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential class policies including quiz guidelines, midterm score distribution, and attendance procedures. It also highlights the due date for Paper 2 proposals and important class dates. Be prepared to answer questions related to these policies and important academic deadlines.