Civilization Case Study: Ur in Sumer Flashcards

Key Concepts in Sumerian Civilization

• Civilization: Represents the most advanced stage of human social development and organization.
• Specialization: Involves the development of unique skills dedicated to specific types of work.
• Artisan: Refers to a skilled worker, particularly one who creates handcrafted items.

Institutions and Roles

• Institution: An organization with a focus on religious, educational, social, or similar purposes.
• Scribe: A professional tasked with transcribing documents; critical for record-keeping.

Writing and Technology

• Cuneiform: An innovative writing system used by the Sumerians, characterized by wedge-shaped markings on clay tablets.
• Bronze Age: A historical period noted for the widespread use of bronze as a material.

Economic Practices

• Barter System: A method of trade that involves the direct exchange of goods and services, often requiring negotiation of terms.

Architectural Significance

• Ziggurat: A distinctive multi-tiered structure that served as a key component of Sumerian temples, reflecting the civilization’s architectural ingenuity.

Complexity of Life in Sumer

• Life complexity increased with urban growth, leading to societal divisions based on wealth and resources, including a belief system focused on gods for agricultural protection.

Features of Civilization

• Advanced cities serve as trade centers.
• Specialized workers enhance economies through skill development.
• Strict institutions contribute to societal organization and economic stability.
• Scribes maintain essential records, emphasizing the importance of documentation.
• Development of tools and technology aided in problem-solving and innovation.

Social Structure in Ur

• Social classes included rulers, priests, craft workers, and artists, showcasing a stratified society with distinct roles and responsibilities.