Ancient Mesopotamia: Sumer and Geography

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following strategies contributed to the Assyrian Empire's ability to maintain control over its vast territories?

  • Encouraging the development of independent trade networks within each province.
  • Dividing the empire into provinces governed by appointed officials. (correct)
  • Promoting local autonomy and reducing the influence of appointed officials.
  • Implementing a uniform legal code that applied equally to all provinces.

How did Mesopotamian religious practices influence the economic and political structures of their society?

  • By promoting egalitarian principles that limited the accumulation of wealth by religious figures.
  • By strictly separating religious authority from political decision-making processes.
  • By discouraging agricultural advancements to maintain a focus on spiritual matters.
  • By establishing temples as centers of economic and political activity. (correct)

What was the most significant impact of cuneiform writing on Mesopotamian society?

  • It enabled the creation of elaborate works of fiction and poetry.
  • It promoted social equality by making literacy accessible to all social classes.
  • It facilitated record-keeping, communication, and the codification of laws. (correct)
  • It served primarily as a decorative art form with no practical applications.

Which combination of factors contributed to the decline of Mesopotamia?

<p>Internal conflicts, external invasions, and environmental factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the invention of irrigation systems most significantly impact Mesopotamian society?

<p>It allowed for intensive agriculture, supporting larger populations and complex societies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which geographical feature was most crucial to the development of agriculture and civilization in ancient Mesopotamia?

<p>The Tigris and Euphrates rivers, providing water for irrigation and transportation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key innovation is attributed to the Sumerians that significantly influenced record-keeping and the development of literature?

<p>The invention of cuneiform writing, using wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Sargon of Akkad change the political landscape of Mesopotamia?

<p>By uniting Sumerian city-states and establishing the first known empire. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Hammurabi's Code in the Babylonian Empire?

<p>It was one of the earliest and most comprehensive written legal codes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area saw significant advancements under Babylonian rule?

<p>Astronomy and mathematics, including a sophisticated understanding of algebra. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What military strategy was the Assyrian Empire known for?

<p>Siege warfare combined with organized and disciplined infantry. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lasting impact did the Sumerian base-60 number system have on modern society?

<p>It is still used in our system of measuring time (seconds, minutes, hours). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most accurate description of how scarce resources like stone and metal affected Mesopotamian society?

<p>They motivated extensive trade networks and military campaigns to acquire these materials. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cuneiform

A writing system of ancient Mesopotamia using wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.

Irrigation systems

Allowed for intensive agriculture in Mesopotamia.

The Wheel

A Mesopotamian innovation that revolutionized transportation.

Assyrian Libraries

Assyrian kings built vast libraries to preserve Mesopotamian knowledge.

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Mesopotamian Temples

Religious and political centers in Mesopotamia.

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Mesopotamia

Area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; "cradle of civilization."

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Sumerian Civilization

The earliest known civilization in Mesopotamia, known for city-states and ziggurats.

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Ziggurats

Massive stepped pyramids used as temples.

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Akkadian Empire

First known empire in Mesopotamia.

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Hammurabi's Code

One of the earliest and most complete written legal codes.

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Babylonian Empire

Advanced society in Mesopotamia known for astronomy and math.

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Assyrian Empire

Known for military strength and efficient administration.

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