Questions and Answers
What is Martial Law?
What does Merchant Marine refer to?
What is Habeas Corpus?
The civil right to obtain a writ of habeas corpus as protection against illegal imprisonment.
What is a Greenback?
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Which states are considered Border States?
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Who was Napoleon III?
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Who was Charles Francis Adams?
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What was Thomas Jackson's nickname?
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Who was Maximilian?
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Who was Sally Tompkins?
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Who was Jay Cooke?
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Who was Abraham Lincoln?
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Who was Jefferson Davis?
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Who was Elizabeth Blackwell?
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Who was Clara Barton?
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What is Ft. Sumter known for?
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What does Confederacy refer to?
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What was the Trent Affair?
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What was the Morrill Tariff Act?
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What is conscription?
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What did the New York City Draft Riots involve?
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What was the Alabama?
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What is the National Banking System?
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What does Billy Yank refer to?
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What does Johnny Reb refer to?
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Who was William H. Seward?
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What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
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Who was Horace Greeley?
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Study Notes
Key Terms and Concepts
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Martial Law: Law imposed by military authority over civilian affairs, particularly during the Civil War.
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Merchant Marine: Civilian ships and sailors that played a crucial role in transporting food, weapons, and munitions during the Civil War.
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Habeas Corpus: The legal right to challenge unlawful detention; suspended by Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War to maintain order.
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Greenback: A type of paper currency first issued by the North, representing financial measures taken during the war.
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Border States: Slave-holding states—Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri—that did not secede from the Union despite their slave status.
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Napoleon III: Emperor of France from 1852 to 1870 who intervened in Mexico by installing Maximillian as a ruler, challenging U.S. authority; withdrew after Civil War pressures.
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Charles Francis Adams: U.S. Minister to Great Britain who focused on preventing British support for the Confederacy.
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Thomas Jackson ("Stonewall"): Notable Confederate general whose leadership was pivotal in the Battle of Bull Run, earning him a reputation for steadfastness.
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Maximilian: French leader imposed on Mexico by Napoleon III; executed post-Civil War illustrating U.S. enforcement of the Monroe Doctrine.
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Sally Tompkins: Confederate nurse who significantly contributed to wartime medical care, operating a hospital in Richmond, Virginia.
Financial and Political Developments
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Jay Cooke: Financier who played a key role in the railroad expansion; his bankruptcy contributed to a national depression.
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Abraham Lincoln: President who opposed slavery's expansion, issued the Emancipation Proclamation, emphasized the Union's unity, and articulated his vision for government in the Gettysburg Address.
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Jefferson Davis: President of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865, leading the southern states during the Civil War.
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Elizabeth Blackwell: The first licensed female doctor in the U.S., instrumental in the U.S. Sanitary Commission's efforts during the war.
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Clara Barton: Founder of the American Red Cross who provided crucial medical assistance during the Civil War.
Significant Events and Actions
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Ft Sumter: Federal fort in Charleston, South Carolina; its attack by Confederates marked the beginning of the Civil War.
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Confederacy: The collective name for the southern states that seceded from the Union, forming a separate government during the war.
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Trent Affair: Diplomatic incident where Union forces captured Confederate diplomats bound for Europe, causing tensions with Britain until their release.
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Morrill Tariff Act: Legislation enacted in 1861 to increase tariffs to fund the war effort, reflecting the need for financial resources.
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Conscription: Mandated military service for civilians during the Civil War, reflecting the desperate need for soldiers.
Social and Economic Impact
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New York City Draft Riots: A violent backlash against the draft in July 1863, fueled by class and racial tensions as lower-class citizens resisted fighting for emancipation.
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Alabama: A Confederate warship built in Britain that hindered Union trade efforts during the war.
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National Banking System: Introduced in 1863 to create a uniform currency and stabilize the banking system, marking a significant financial reform.
Cultural References
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Billy Yank: Nickname for Union soldiers used by Confederates, representing the cultural divide between North and South.
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Johnny Reb: Term used by Union soldiers for Confederate troops, highlighting the personalizing of the enemy during the conflict.
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William H. Seward: Prominent anti-slavery politician who articulated the "higher law" concept against the expansion of slavery.
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Emancipation Proclamation: Lincoln's 1862 decree freeing slaves in rebellious states, signaling a crucial shift in the war's purpose.
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Horace Greeley: Influential newspaper editor whose work supported the anti-slavery movement and the Republican Party's rise.
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Description
Test your knowledge of essential terms and concepts related to the American Civil War. This quiz covers important topics such as martial law, habeas corpus, and the role of the Merchant Marine. Understand the context and significance of these terms during this crucial period in U.S. history.