Cirrhosis Pathophysiology and Causes

The most common causes of cirrhosis are chronic hepatitis C, alcoholism, ______, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Cirrhosis leads to ______ due to obstruction to flow in the portal vein.

Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity that results from ______ of the hepatic capillaries.

Bleeding esophageal varices are fragile, thin-walled, distended esophageal veins that become ______ and rupture.

Decreased synthesis of bile fats in the liver prevents the absorption of ______-soluble vitamins.

Without vitamin K and clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X, the client is prone to ______ and easy bruising.

Jaundice occurs because the liver is unable to metabolize ______

Portal systemic encephalopathy is caused by failure of the diseased liver to detoxify ______ agents such as ammonia

Hepatorenal syndrome is characterized by a sudden decrease in ______ output

Serum ______ is decreased in diagnostic evaluation

Serum ______ is increased in diagnostic evaluation

Liver ______ is a confirmatory diagnostic test

Pathophysiology Appendix kinked or occluded by fecalith, lymphoid ______, foreign bodies, or tumors

Diagnostic Evaluation Pregnancy test – rule out ______ pregnancy

Complications ______ or Perforation

Complications Peritonitis ______ formation

Management Prevent or treat surgical site ______ – administer antibiotic therapy

Management Attain optimal ______ – assess return of bowel sounds and passing of flatus