Circulatory System Overview

Transport oxygen

Transport nutrients, dissolved gases, and regulate fluid and ion balance

<p>Stop bleeding after a blood vessel has been damaged</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All body tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They carry blood to the heart itself (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A clot that forms in the coronary arteries or cardiac veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary systole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Closure of the atrioventricular valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Closure of the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pacemaker fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SA node (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower region of the right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conducts the cardiac impulse from the AV node down the interventricular septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arise from the tips of the right and left bundle branches and help transmit electrical impulses to the ventricular muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrical changes that occur during the cardiac cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depolarization of the atria, which corresponds to contraction of the atria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depolarization of the ventricles, which corresponds to contraction of the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>60-100 bpm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tachycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atrial fibrillation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiply the number of squares by 0.04 seconds per square to find the time of one beat (sec/beat). Then divide 60 seconds per minute by the time of one beat (sec/beat) to find the heart rate in beats per minute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>140/90 mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>90-120 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava, flowing into the right atrium. The right atrium contracts, pushing blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle contracts, sending blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary arteries, which deliver the blood to the lungs. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is released, and oxygen is picked up. Oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins, flowing into the left atrium. The left atrium contracts, pushing blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The left ventricle contracts, sending oxygenated blood through the aortic valve into the aorta, which distributes it throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aorta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These three types of blood vessels make up the circulatory system, carrying blood throughout the body. Each type has a unique structure and function that allows it to effectively transport blood and facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart. It's crucial for detecting heart rhythm abnormalities. Essential components include the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave, representing atrial depolarization, ventricular depolarization, and ventricular repolarization respectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Small, biconcave disks filled with hemoglobin, responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.

Cells that defend the body against infections and harmful foreign substances.

Pale-yellow fluid that makes up the majority of blood. It carries nutrients, dissolved gases, and regulates fluid and ion balance.

Small cell fragments produced in the bone marrow, responsible for stopping bleeding.

The circulation of blood from the left side of the heart to all body tissues and back to the right side of the heart.

The circulation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart.

The AV valve separating the right atrium from the right ventricle. It has three cusps.

The AV valve separating the left atrium from the left ventricle. It has two cusps.

The semilunar valve separating the right ventricle from the pulmonary arteries, allowing blood to flow to the lungs.

The semilunar valve separating the left ventricle from the aorta, allowing blood to flow to the body.

Blood vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle itself.

A blood clot that forms in a coronary artery or vein, blocking blood flow to the heart.

The coordinated contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers that make up one heartbeat.

The period when both atria and ventricles are relaxed.

The period when the atria contract.

The period when the ventricles contract.

The period when the ventricles relax.

The first heart sound (Lubb), occurs at the start of ventricular contraction (systole) due to the closure of the AV valves.

The second heart sound (Dubb), occurs at the start of ventricular relaxation (diastole) due to the closure of the semilunar valves.

The system that generates and distributes nerve impulses to coordinate the cardiac cycle.

A specialized muscle tissue in the upper right atrium, responsible for generating its own impulses, initiating the heartbeat.

A second pump of cardiac muscle tissue in the lower right atrium, conducting impulses from the SA Node.

A group of large cardiac muscle fibers that conduct the impulse from the AV node down the interventricular septum.

Muscle fibers that arise from the tips of the bundle branches, distribute impulses to the ventricular walls.

A recording of electrical changes during the cardiac cycle.

The first upward wave on an ECG, representing depolarization of the atria.

A large wave on an ECG, representing depolarization of the ventricles.

The third dome-shaped wave on an ECG, representing repolarization of the ventricles.

A normal heart rhythm with a rate between 60-100 beats per minute (bpm).

A regular heart rhythm with a rate over 100 bpm.

A regular heart rhythm with a rate under 60 bpm.

An irregularly irregular heart rhythm with a rate over 100 bpm.

A regular or irregular heart rhythm with sawtooth-like flutter waves.

A regular heart rhythm with wide QRS complexes and a rate over 100 bpm.

A chaotic heart rhythm with no discernible waves or complexes.