Podcast
Questions and Answers
From which heart chamber does the aorta originate?
From which heart chamber does the aorta originate?
- Right ventricle
- Right atrium
- Left ventricle (correct)
- Left atrium
Which of the following is the correct sequence of major arteries branching from the aortic arch?
Which of the following is the correct sequence of major arteries branching from the aortic arch?
- Brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian, left common carotid
- Left common carotid, brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian
- Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian (correct)
- Left subclavian, left common carotid, brachiocephalic trunk
Which artery directly supplies the brain?
Which artery directly supplies the brain?
- Ulnar artery
- Brachial artery
- Internal carotid artery (correct)
- External carotid artery
At approximately which vertebral level does the aorta bifurcate?
At approximately which vertebral level does the aorta bifurcate?
Which artery continues distally into the lower limb as the femoral artery?
Which artery continues distally into the lower limb as the femoral artery?
Which two veins come together to form the brachiocephalic vein?
Which two veins come together to form the brachiocephalic vein?
Which vein is responsible for draining venous blood from the lower extremities and abdomen?
Which vein is responsible for draining venous blood from the lower extremities and abdomen?
The popliteal artery is a continuation of which artery?
The popliteal artery is a continuation of which artery?
Flashcards
Aorta
Aorta
The largest artery in the body, responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. It has three main parts: ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending aorta.
Aortic Arch
Aortic Arch
The part of the aorta that curves to the left, superior to the heart, and gives off three major arteries: brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
Subclavian Artery
Subclavian Artery
The artery that supplies the upper extremities, continuing as the axillary artery and then the brachial artery.
Common Carotid Artery
Common Carotid Artery
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Superior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
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Inferior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
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Bifurcatio Aorta
Bifurcatio Aorta
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Popliteal Artery
Popliteal Artery
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Study Notes
Circulatory System II
- Venules have the lowest pressure.
Great Vessels
- The aorta originates from the left ventricle.
- It ascends, curves downwards, and then curves downwards again.
- Parts of the aorta are named: ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta.
- Descending aorta divides into thoracic and abdominal aorta, based on location.
- Aorta is the main artery for systemic circulation.
Aortic Arch
- The aortic arch curves to the left, like an inverted U, above the heart.
- It gives off three main arteries: brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery.
Arteries of the Upper Limb
- Subclavian artery is the major artery of the upper limb.
- It continues as axillary artery, then brachial artery.
- Brachial artery branches into ulnar and radial arteries.
Aorta Terminations/Branches
- The aorta terminates by giving off two terminal branches (common iliac arteries) at the L4 vertebra.
- The bifurcation of the aorta is called the bifurcation aorta.
- Common iliac arteries branch into internal and external iliac arteries, supplying organs in the pelvis.
- External iliac arteries continue as femoral arteries, supplying the lower extremities.
Femoral Artery
- When femoral artery reaches the back of the knee, it becomes the popliteal artery.
- Popliteal artery branches into anterior and posterior arteries.
Blood Supply/Veins
- Superior vena cava drains blood from upper extremities and head.
- It forms through the union of internal jugular and subclavian veins.
- Inferior vena cava drains blood from lower extremities and abdomen.
- Formed by uniting the right and left common iliac veins.
- The common iliac vein is made up of internal and external iliac veins.
Deep Veins
- Anterior and posterior tibial veins and fibular vein drain into popliteal vein.
- The popliteal vein continues as femoral vein in the thigh.
Intravenous Injection
- Intravenous injections are done in veins.
- Important veins for injections are the cephalic and basilic veins.
- Puncture sites must be prepared to maintain sterility.
- Injection angles vary based on the vein type and depth.
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