Circulatory System Functions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?

Water absorption

Detoxification (correct)

Nutrient delivery

Gas exchange

In what direction do electrons flow in a parallel circuit?

Counterclockwise direction from point 8 to point 1 (correct)

Only through one path at a time

In a random direction with no specific path

Clockwise direction from point 1 to point 8

Which process is primarily responsible for heat dissipation in the body?

Insulin production

Blood circulation (correct)

Gas exchange

Nutrient breakdown

What is a characteristic function of cardiac muscle cells?

They communicate effectively for synchronized contractions (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the systemic circulatory system?

It is analogous to a parallel circuit (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a role of the circulatory system in immunity?

Delivery of antibodies (B) Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac valves primarily serve what purpose?

Prevent backflow of blood (B) Signup and view all the answers

From the options below, which activity is NOT associated with the circulatory system?

Digestion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What primarily prevents the atrioventricular valves from inverting during ventricular contraction?

The papillary muscles and chordae tendineae (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which heart valve is known for having three leaflets?

Pulmonary valve (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the left atrioventricular valve from the right one?

It is known as the bicuspid or mitral valve (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which function is primarily associated with the semilunar valves?

Allowing blood to flow from the ventricles into the arteries (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of semilunar valves?

They have a tri-leaflet structure (A) Signup and view all the answers

The presence of chordae tendineae is most closely associated with which valves?

Atrioventricular valves (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a potential complication associated with heart valves?

They can become calcified and restrict blood flow (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the systolic function of atrioventricular valves?

They close when ventricular pressure exceeds atrial pressure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of fear on heart rate?

It increases heart rate due to the release of epinephrine. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of channels are primarily responsible for the depolarization in autorhythmic cells?

L-type Ca2+ channels. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the presence of If channels in autorhythmic cells?

They allow a balance of Na+ and K+ ion flows for gradual depolarization. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the heart contains the sinoatrial (SA) node?

Right atrial wall near the superior venae cavae. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in response to illness or injury?

It increases heart rate by enhancing blood flow to peripheral tissues. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of autorhythmic cells compared to cardiac contractile cells?

Their action potentials are mediated by Ca2+ channels. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do recent studies suggest the If channels may activate in autorhythmic cells?

Through hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is accurate about the mechanism of increased heart rate during the 'fight or flight' response?

It involves an increase in peripheral blood flow and activation of the SNS. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the AV nodal delay in the heart's conduction pathway?

To allow time for atrial contraction before ventricular contraction (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for spreading the wave of excitation down to the ventricles?

Purkinje Fibres (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do gap junctions contribute to the ventricle's contraction?

By ensuring simultaneous contraction of all ventricular muscle cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are the ventricles considered to be a larger mass of muscle than the atria?

They need to pump blood to the lungs and the body. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the wave of excitation relies solely on gap junctions in the ventricles?

The top part of the heart would contract before the bottom. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway directly connects the AV node to the bundle of His?

Internodal Pathway (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Purkinje fibres?

They distribute the wave of excitation throughout the ventricles. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures does NOT directly participate in initiating the heart's contraction?

Electrically Nonconductive Fibrous Tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is noted in the ECG of patients experiencing complete heart block?

Variability in the QRS complex (B), Regular P to P intervals (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the cardiac cycle, what occurs during isovolumetric contraction?

The volume of blood in the ventricles is constant (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to heart sounds during cardiac systole?

They indicate valve closure (D) Signup and view all the answers

The term 'cardiac output' refers to which of the following?

The volume of blood pumped by both ventricles per minute (C) Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle is blood not entering the ventricles?

Isovolumetric relaxation (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the heart respond to low blood pressure in patients with complete heart block?

Decreasing cardiac output (A) Signup and view all the answers

What physiological event causes the relaxation of the heart during diastole?

Decreased ventricular pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of abnormal heart rhythms on cardiac output?

Reduced efficiency in blood pumping (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the SA node in the heart?

To spontaneously depolarize and regulate heart rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is cardiac output (CO) calculated?

Heart Rate (HR) x Stroke Volume (SV) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate cardiac output at rest for an average person?

5L/min (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which system predominantly innervates the ventricles of the heart?

Sympathetic nervous system (D) Signup and view all the answers

What effect does parasympathetic stimulation have on heart rate?

It slows down heart rate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of stroke volume in relation to cardiac output?

It represents the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat (B) Signup and view all the answers

During intense exercise, how much can cardiac output exceed?

20L/min (B) Signup and view all the answers

At rest, what is the average heart rate in beats per minute?

70 bpm (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Module 5: Cardiac Physiology

This module covers cardiac physiology, including the structure, function, and innervation of the heart.
It explores the role of the heart in the circulatory system, the unique electrical network controlling heartbeats, mechanical activity, and the necessary nutrients for heart function.
Learning outcomes include discussing the heart's role in the circulatory system, describing excitation-contraction cycles, understanding how the heart regulates cardiac output, and identifying components of the coronary circulation.

Module 5: Assignments

Students will be placed in groups for case study discussions.
Students should respond to at least one peer's post.
Students will be evaluated based on their contributions.
An integrated lab report is an assignment.
The integrated lab report involves simulated lab data analysis.

Module 5: Table of Contents

Introduction
Learning Outcomes
Module Assignments
Case Study Discussion
Integrated Lab Report
Module Outline
Section 1: Introduction to Cardiovascular System (including the Circulatory System, Function, and Organization)
Section 2: Structure of The Heart
Section 3: Electrical Activity of The Heart (including cardiac autorhythmic cells, cardiac conduction system etc..
Section 4: Mechanical Activity of The Heart (includes cardiac cycle, heart sounds etc.)
Section 5: Cardiac Output (covers how cardiac output is calculated, Frank-Starling law, regulation of cardiac output and more.
Section 6: Nourishing The Heart (covers coronary blood supply, cardiac demand for oxygen, and myocardial infarctions)

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Description

Test your knowledge on the functions and components of the circulatory system with this quiz. Covering topics such as cardiac muscle cells, heart valves, and the systemic circulation, you'll explore the vital roles this system plays in the body. Perfect for students in biology or health sciences.