Circulatory System Functions and Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

  • Pumping blood to the lungs and different organs of the body
  • Regulating body temperature and producing antibodies
  • Creating a defensive mechanism against external threats
  • Transporting gases, waste products, and hormones (correct)

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?

  • Left atrium (correct)
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left ventricle

How many cusps are the Tricuspid and Semilunar valves formed of?

  • 2 cusps
  • 3 cusps (correct)
  • 4 cusps
  • 5 cusps

When does the mechanical contraction (systole) of cardiac muscle start in relation to depolarization?

<p>After depolarization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of the relative refractory period (RRP) in relation to excitability?

<p>Excitability is decreased (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does the mechanical response last in relation to the duration of the action potential?

<p>1.5 times as long as the duration of the action potential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the supernormal phase of excitability coincide?

<p>Second half of diastole (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the automatic fibers involved in the transmission of electrical signals in the heart?

<p>S.A.N, A.V.N, and purkinje fibers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of transmission in the A.V. node?

<p>0.02-0.03 meters/sec (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor affects the force of myocardial contraction based on Starling’s Law?

<p>Initial length of cardiac muscle fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the period during which the ventricles contract, forcing blood out into the aorta and main pulmonary artery?

<p>Systole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological importance of A-V nodal delay?

<p>It protects the ventricles against atrial fibrillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stimulation has a positive inotropic effect on the heart?

<p>Adrenaline stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat known as?

<p>(EDV – ESV) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tricuspid valve in the heart?

<p>Receives blood from the body through superior and inferior vena cava (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What coincides with the absolute refractory period (A.R.P) of the cardiac muscle?

<p>Depolarization phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the left ventricle in the heart?

<p>Pumping blood to reach different organs of the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between mechanical response and action potential in the cardiac muscle?

<p>Mechanical response lasts 1.5 times as long as the duration of action potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between relaxation (diastole) and repolarization in the cardiac muscle?

<p>Relaxation starts with rapid repolarization phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cusps are formed in the mitral valve of the heart?

<p>2 cusps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the period during which the ventricles relax and refill with blood known as?

<p>Diastole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor directly affects the force of myocardial contraction based on Starling’s Law?

<p>Preload (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat known as?

<p>Stroke volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the supernormal phase of excitability coincide?

<p>Diastole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tachycardia (increased heart rate) have on the force of contraction?

<p>Increases force of contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of transmission in the A.V. node?

<p>~0.02-0.03 meters/sec (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the physiological causes of A-V nodal delay?

<p>Less negative resting membrane potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

<p>Transportation of nutrients and waste products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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