Circulatory System Functions and Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

  • Pumping blood to the lungs and different organs of the body
  • Regulating body temperature and producing antibodies
  • Creating a defensive mechanism against external threats
  • Transporting gases, waste products, and hormones (correct)

    • Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?

  • Left atrium (correct)
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • Left ventricle

    • How many cusps are the Tricuspid and Semilunar valves formed of?

  • 2 cusps
  • 3 cusps (correct)
  • 4 cusps
  • 5 cusps

    • When does the mechanical contraction (systole) of cardiac muscle start in relation to depolarization?

    <p>After depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the relative refractory period (RRP) in relation to excitability?

    <p>Excitability is decreased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the mechanical response last in relation to the duration of the action potential?

    <p>1.5 times as long as the duration of the action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the supernormal phase of excitability coincide?

    <p>Second half of diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the automatic fibers involved in the transmission of electrical signals in the heart?

    <p>S.A.N, A.V.N, and purkinje fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of transmission in the A.V. node?

    <p>0.02-0.03 meters/sec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects the force of myocardial contraction based on Starling’s Law?

    <p>Initial length of cardiac muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the period during which the ventricles contract, forcing blood out into the aorta and main pulmonary artery?

    <p>Systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physiological importance of A-V nodal delay?

    <p>It protects the ventricles against atrial fibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stimulation has a positive inotropic effect on the heart?

    <p>Adrenaline stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat known as?

    <p>(EDV – ESV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tricuspid valve in the heart?

    <p>Receives blood from the body through superior and inferior vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What coincides with the absolute refractory period (A.R.P) of the cardiac muscle?

    <p>Depolarization phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the left ventricle in the heart?

    <p>Pumping blood to reach different organs of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation between mechanical response and action potential in the cardiac muscle?

    <p>Mechanical response lasts 1.5 times as long as the duration of action potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between relaxation (diastole) and repolarization in the cardiac muscle?

    <p>Relaxation starts with rapid repolarization phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cusps are formed in the mitral valve of the heart?

    <p>2 cusps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the period during which the ventricles relax and refill with blood known as?

    <p>Diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor directly affects the force of myocardial contraction based on Starling’s Law?

    <p>Preload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat known as?

    <p>Stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the supernormal phase of excitability coincide?

    <p>Diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tachycardia (increased heart rate) have on the force of contraction?

    <p>Increases force of contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of transmission in the A.V. node?

    <p>~0.02-0.03 meters/sec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the physiological causes of A-V nodal delay?

    <p>Less negative resting membrane potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the circulatory system?

    <p>Transportation of nutrients and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

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