Gr 12 Mathematics: November Hard P(2)

What is the equation of a circle with center at (a, b) and radius r?

(x + a)^2 + (y + b)^2 = r^2

(x - a)^2 - (y - b)^2 = r^2

(x - a)^2 + (y - b)^2 = r^2 (correct)

(x + a)^2 - (y + b)^2 = r^2

What is the purpose of completing the square in the equation of a circle?

To graph the circle

To find the intercepts of the circle

To find the center and radius of the circle (correct)

To find the equation of the tangent line

What is the relationship between the radius and the tangent line at the point of tangency?

The radius is tangent to the circle

The radius is not related to the tangent line

The radius is parallel to the tangent line

The radius is perpendicular to the tangent line (correct)

What is the key concept that ensures the tangent line touches the circle at only one point?

Perpendicularity Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the center of a circle given the general form equation x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0?

a = -D/2, b = -E/2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the radius of a circle given the general form equation x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0?

r = sqrt((D/2)^2 + (E/2)^2 - F) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a tangent line to a circle?

A line that touches the circle at exactly one point Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the equation of a circle?

To find the center and radius of the circle Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the gradient of the radius and the gradient of the tangent?

m_radius × m_tangent = -1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step after finding the center of the circle in determining the equation of the tangent?

Calculate the gradient of the radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of proportion that states wz = xy?

Cross Multiplication Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Basic Proportionality Theorem in geometry?

To compare sides of triangles Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the area of a triangle?

Area = 1/2 × base × height Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a polygon?

A plane, closed shape consisting of three or more line segments Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the gradient of the tangent?

m_tangent = -1/m_radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in solving proportional problems?

Identify the given ratios Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the theorem that states that if a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, it divides the other two sides proportionally?

Basic Proportionality Theorem Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ratios in geometry?

To compare quantities with the same units Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the sides of two triangles if the corresponding angles are equal?

The triangles are similar. Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle, if a line drawn from the midpoint of one side is parallel to another side, what conclusion can be drawn about the third side?

It is bisected by the line drawn. Signup and view all the answers

What must be true for two polygons to be classified as similar?

All pairs of corresponding angles are equal and all pairs of corresponding sides are in the same proportion. Signup and view all the answers

When two triangles have their corresponding sides in proportion, what can we conclude about their angles?

The angles are congruent. Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for two triangles to be similar?

They are equiangular and have proportional sides Signup and view all the answers

What does the Proportion Theorem state about a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle?

It divides the other two sides proportionally. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of similarity, what is required to prove that two triangles are equiangular?

All their corresponding angles must be equal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Pythagorean theorem?

To find the length of a side in a right-angled triangle Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of the linear regression line?

y = A + Bx Signup and view all the answers

If two polygons are similar, what can you say about their areas?

Their areas are proportional to the squares of their corresponding side lengths. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of the regression coefficient (r)?

-1 to 1 Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT required for two triangles to be similar?

The triangles must be congruent. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the area of a triangle?

Area = (1/2) × base × height Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle, if side lengths are $6$, $8$, and $10$, what can you conclude about the triangle?

It is a right triangle. Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded about the lengths of sides DE and BC if DE is drawn parallel to BC and DE is half the length of BC?

BC is twice the length of DE. Signup and view all the answers

What is the converse of the Pythagorean theorem?

If the square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the angle included by these two sides is a right angle Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the linear regression line?

To determine the correlation between two sets of data Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for two triangles to be congruent?

They are similar and have equal corresponding sides Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the Pythagorean theorem?

a^2 + b^2 = c^2 Signup and view all the answers

What does a regression coefficient (r) close to -1 indicate?

A strong negative correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of a rhombus if the lengths of the diagonals AC and BD are 8 units and 6 units respectively?

24 square units Signup and view all the answers

If two triangles are equiangular, what can be inferred about their sides?

Their corresponding sides are in proportion. Signup and view all the answers

According to the Triangle Proportionality Theorem, what does a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle do to the other two sides?

It divides them in the same proportion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the height of a trapezium if the bases are of lengths 10 units and 14 units and the area is 120 square units?

6 units Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle with a base of 12 units and height of 3 units, what is the area?

18 square units Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the sides of two similar polygons?

Their corresponding angles are equal and sides are proportional. Signup and view all the answers

If the diagonal AC of a kite measures 10 units and diagonal BD measures 8 units, what is the area of the kite?

40 square units Signup and view all the answers

In a right triangle, if one leg measures 6 units and the other leg measures 8 units, what is the length of the hypotenuse?

10 units Signup and view all the answers

If a line segment connects the midpoints of two sides of a triangle, what is the length of that segment compared to the third side?

It is half the length of the third side. Signup and view all the answers

What must be true for two triangles to be considered equal in area but not necessarily congruent?

They must lie between the same parallel lines. Signup and view all the answers

What does the distance formula express when comparing two points on the unit circle?

The squared distance between two points in Cartesian coordinates. Signup and view all the answers

Which identity is used to derive the cosine of the sum of two angles?

Negative angle identity. Signup and view all the answers

From the cosine rule, what does the expression $KL^2 = 2 - 2 ext{cos}( heta)$ imply for the relationship of points on the unit circle?

It calculates the distance between two points based on their angular separation. Signup and view all the answers

After applying the even-odd identities, what is the final expression for $cos(\alpha + \beta)$?

$\cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta$ Signup and view all the answers

When using the cosine rule, what is the relationship between $\cos(\alpha - \beta)$ and the cosine and sine components of $\alpha$ and $\beta$?

$\cos(\alpha - \beta) = \cos \alpha \cos \beta + \sin \alpha \sin \beta$ Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship is established by the equation $2 - 2 \cos(\alpha - \beta) = 2 - 2 (\cos \alpha \cos \beta + \sin \alpha \sin \beta)$?

It establishes equality based on angular separation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of 0.8?

Strong positive correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the linear correlation coefficient r?

r = b(σ_x / σ_y) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of a circle with center at the origin and radius r?

x^2 + y^2 = r^2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the cosine of a difference formula in trigonometry?

cos(α - β) = cosα cosβ - sinα sinβ Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of -0.6?

Moderate negative correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is the sine of a sum formula in trigonometry?

sin(α + β) = sinα cosβ + cosα sinβ Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for a circle to be symmetric about the x-axis?

The circle must have its center at the origin Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the y-intercept of a linear regression line?

A = y - Bx Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of 0.2?

Very weak correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is the cosine of a sum formula in trigonometry?

cos(α + β) = cosα cosβ - sinα sinβ Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the sine of a difference of two angles?

$\sin(\alpha - \beta) = \sin \alpha \cos \beta - \cos \alpha \sin \beta$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the cosine of a sum of two angles?

$\cos(\alpha + \beta) = \cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the sine of a double angle?

$\sin(2\alpha) = 2\sin \alpha \cos \alpha$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the cosine of a double angle?

$\cos(2\alpha) = \cos^2 \alpha - \sin^2 \alpha$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the general method for solving trigonometric equations?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the CAST diagram in solving trigonometric equations?

To determine where the function is positive or negative Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the sine of a sum of two angles?

$\sin(\alpha + \beta) = \sin \alpha \cos \beta + \cos \alpha \sin \beta$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the cosine of a difference of two angles?

$\cos(\alpha - \beta) = \cos \alpha \cos \beta - \sin \alpha \sin \beta$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of finding the general solution in solving trigonometric equations?

To find all possible solutions Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the cosine of a double angle in terms of sine?

$\cos(2\alpha) = 1 - 2\sin^2 \alpha$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the general solution for $ an \theta = x$?

$\theta = \tan^{-1} x + k \cdot 180^\circ$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would require the Cosine Rule?

When two sides and the included angle are known Signup and view all the answers

In calculating the area of triangle ABC using the Area Rule, which formula is valid?

$\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}ab \sin C$ Signup and view all the answers

To find the height of a building from point B using triangle BCD, what does BD in the equation represent?

The distance from B to point D Signup and view all the answers

Which trigonometric function is used to relate FB and the angle $eta$ in the height of a pole problem?

Tangent Signup and view all the answers

In three-dimensional problems, which initial step is crucial for solving the problem?

Drawing a sketch Signup and view all the answers

When is the Sine Rule applicable in triangle calculations?

When no right angle is present, and two angles and a side are known Signup and view all the answers

For the equation $b^2 = a^2 + c^2 - 2ac \cos B$, what does the term $-2ac \cos B$ represent?

The cosine of angle B adjusted for sides a and c Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ABC, point D lies on side AB and point E lies on side AC such that DE is parallel to BC. If AD = 4, DB = 6, and AE = 5, what is the length of EC?

7.5 Signup and view all the answers

Triangle PQR and triangle SQR share the same base QR. If the area of triangle PQR is 12 square units and the area of triangle SQR is 8 square units, what can you conclude about the relationship between PQ and SR?

PQ is 3/2 the length of SR. Signup and view all the answers

A line segment connects the midpoints of two sides of a triangle. If the length of the third side of the triangle is 10 units, what is the length of the line segment connecting the midpoints?

5 units Signup and view all the answers

Two triangles are similar. The ratio of the corresponding sides of the two triangles is 3:5. If the area of the smaller triangle is 18 square units, what is the area of the larger triangle?

50 square units Signup and view all the answers

A parallelogram has a base of length 12 units and a height of 8 units. What is the area of the parallelogram?

96 square units Signup and view all the answers

A kite has diagonals of length 10 units and 6 units. What is the area of the kite?

30 square units Signup and view all the answers

A trapezium has bases of length 10 units and 16 units, and a height of 8 units. What is the area of the trapezium?

104 square units Signup and view all the answers

In a right-angled triangle, the lengths of the two shorter sides are 5 units and 12 units. What is the length of the hypotenuse?

13 units Signup and view all the answers

A triangle has a base of length 10 units and a height of 6 units. What is the area of the triangle?

30 square units Signup and view all the answers

A rhombus has diagonals of length 8 units and 6 units. What is the area of the rhombus?

24 square units Signup and view all the answers

Given a circle with the equation (x^2 + y^2 - 6x + 4y - 12 = 0), what is the equation of the tangent line to the circle at the point (8, 2)?

y = -3x + 26 Signup and view all the answers

A circle has a center at ( (-2, 3) ) and passes through the point ( (1, 5) ). What is the equation of the circle?

((x + 2)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 13) Signup and view all the answers

A circle has the equation (x^2 + y^2 + 8x - 6y - 11 = 0). What is the radius of the circle?

5 Signup and view all the answers

Find the equation of the tangent line to the circle (x^2 + y^2 - 4x + 6y - 3 = 0) at the point (5, 1).

y = -2x + 11 Signup and view all the answers

Given the circle (x^2 + y^2 - 10x + 4y - 20 = 0), what is the equation of the tangent line at the point (7, 3)?

y = -2x + 17 Signup and view all the answers

A circle has the equation (x^2 + y^2 - 12x + 8y + 16 = 0). What is the center of the circle?

(6, 4) Signup and view all the answers

A circle has a diameter with endpoints ( (-3, 5) ) and ( (1, 1) ). What is the equation of the circle?

((x + 1)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 25) Signup and view all the answers

Given a circle with the equation (x^2 + y^2 + 4x - 10y + 20 = 0), what is the equation of the tangent line at the point (2, 4)?

y = -2x + 12 Signup and view all the answers

In triangle ABC, D and E are the midpoints of sides AB and AC respectively. If DE is parallel to BC, which of the following statements is true?

DE is half the length of BC Signup and view all the answers

Using the distance formula and cosine rule, we can derive the angle difference formula. What key trigonometric identity is used in the derivation of the angle sum formula, ( \cos(\alpha + \beta) )?

The negative angle identity for cosine: ( \cos(-\theta) = \cos(\theta) ) Signup and view all the answers

What step in the derivation of ( \cos(\alpha + \beta) ) directly utilizes the relationship established through the distance formula and cosine rule?

Expressing ( \cos(\alpha + \beta) ) as ( \cos(\alpha - (-\beta)) ) to use the angle difference formula Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the distance formula, the cosine rule, and the angle difference formula?

The angle difference formula is derived from the distance formula and cosine rule, which are then used to derive the angle sum formula. Signup and view all the answers

The derivation of the angle sum formula for cosine demonstrates the power of using trigonometric identities. Which of the following identities is NOT directly utilized in the derivation?

The Pythagorean identity: ( \sin^2(\theta) + \cos^2(\theta) = 1 ) Signup and view all the answers

The derivation of ( \cos(\alpha + \beta) ) hinges on the ability to express the angle sum as a difference. How does the negative angle identity for cosine facilitate this transformation?

By expressing ( \cos(\alpha + \beta) ) as ( \cos(\alpha - (-\beta)) ), allowing us to apply the angle difference formula Signup and view all the answers

What value of the correlation coefficient indicates a strong positive correlation?

0.9 Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when the correlation coefficient, $r$, is equal to $-0.7$?

There is a moderate negative correlation. Signup and view all the answers

How is the linear correlation coefficient $r$ calculated using the regression coefficient $b$?

$r = b rac{ ext{standard deviation of } x}{ ext{standard deviation of } y}$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of a circle with a center at the origin and a radius of 4?

$x^2 + y^2 = 16$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a scenario where $r = 0$?

There is no consistent relationship between the changes in $x$ and $y$. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of correlation, what is true when $r$ is very close to -1?

There is a perfect negative correlation. Signup and view all the answers

How is the regression line defined mathematically?

$y = Ax + B$ Signup and view all the answers

What are the limits that define a weak positive correlation?

$0.25 < r < 0.5$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the circle equation $x^2 + y^2 = r^2$?

Shows the distances of points from the origin. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct expansion of (\cos(3\alpha)) in terms of (\cos\alpha) and (\sin\alpha)?

(4\cos^3 \alpha - 3\cos\alpha) Signup and view all the answers

Given (\sin(2\theta) = \frac{2}{5}), what is the value of (\cos(4\theta))?

(\frac{7}{25}) Signup and view all the answers

If (\cos(x) = \frac{3}{5}) and (0 < x < \frac{\pi}{2}), then what is the value of (\sin(2x))?

(\frac{24}{25}) Signup and view all the answers

Given that (\cos(A + B) = \frac{1}{2}) and (\sin(A) = \frac{3}{5}), where (0 < A < \frac{\pi}{2}) and (0 < B < \frac{\pi}{2}), find the value of (\cos(B)).

(\frac{4}{5}) Signup and view all the answers

Find the general solution to the equation (2\sin^2(x) - 3\sin(x) + 1 = 0) for (0 \leq x < 2\pi).

(\frac{\pi}{3}), (\frac{2\pi}{3}), (\pi) Signup and view all the answers

If (\sin(x) = \frac{1}{3}) and (\cos(y) = \frac{2}{3}), where (0 < x < \frac{\pi}{2}) and (0 < y < \frac{\pi}{2}), what is the value of (\cos(x - y))?

(\frac{4\sqrt{2} + 1}{9}) Signup and view all the answers

Simplify the expression: (\frac{\sin(2x)}{1 + \cos(2x)})

(\tan(x)) Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of (\cos(15^\circ))?

(\frac{\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}{4}) Signup and view all the answers

If (\sin(x) + \cos(x) = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}), find the value of (\sin(2x)).

(\frac{1}{2}) Signup and view all the answers

Prove the identity: (\frac{1 - \cos(2x)}{\sin(2x)} = \tan(x))

The identity can be proven by using the double angle formulas and simplifying the expression. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct general solution for the equation $ an heta = x $?

\theta = \tan^{-1} x + k \cdot 180^ ightarrow Signup and view all the answers

When should the Sine Rule be applied in triangle problems?

When one angle and two sides (not included) are given Signup and view all the answers

Which equation is used to calculate the area of triangle ABC when two sides and the included angle are known?

\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}bc \sin A Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct formula to find the height of a pole given in triangle FAB?

\ h = d \tan \eta Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes the use of the Cosine Rule?

It is used when two sides and their included angle are known. Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be met to apply the Area Rule for a triangle?

No perpendicular height is given. Signup and view all the answers

For which circumstance should the Sine Rule NOT be applied?

When two sides and the included angle are known Signup and view all the answers

In three-dimensional problems, which step is crucial before applying trigonometric rules?

Consider the given information. Signup and view all the answers

A circle has the equation ( (x - 3)^2 + (y + 2)^2 = 25 ). A tangent line to the circle passes through the point (8, 1). What is the slope of the tangent line?

-3/4 Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ( ABC ), a line ( DE ) is drawn parallel to side ( BC ) such that ( AD = 4 ), ( DB = 6 ), and ( AE = 5 ). What is the length of ( EC )?

7.5 Signup and view all the answers

If the radius of a circle is 5 units and a tangent line to the circle passes through the point (12, 5), what is the possible equation of the tangent line?

y - 5 = -(5/12)(x - 12) Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ( ABC ), line ( DE ) is parallel to side ( BC ), and ( AD/DB = 3/4 ). If the area of triangle ( ADE ) is 12 square units, what is the area of triangle ( ABC )?

49 Signup and view all the answers

A circle has the equation ( (x + 2)^2 + (y - 1)^2 = 16 ). A tangent line to the circle is perpendicular to the line ( y = 2x + 5 ). What is the equation of this tangent line?

y = -1/2x + 1 Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ( ABC ), line ( DE ) is parallel to side ( BC ), with ( D ) on ( AB ) and ( E ) on ( AC ). If ( AD = 3 ), ( DB = 5 ), and ( BC = 12 ), what is the length of ( DE )?

6 Signup and view all the answers

Given a circle with the equation ( (x - 4)^2 + (y + 3)^2 = 9 ) and a tangent line passing through the point (7, 1), what is the equation of the tangent line?

y - 1 = -(3/4)(x - 7) Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ( ABC ), line ( DE ) is parallel to side ( BC ), with ( D ) on ( AB ) and ( E ) on ( AC ). If ( AD/DB = 2/3 ) and ( BC = 10 ), what is the length of ( DE )?

4 Signup and view all the answers

A circle has a diameter with endpoints at (2, 5) and (8, -1). What is the equation of the tangent line to this circle at the point (8, -1)?

y + 1 = -(2/3)(x - 8) Signup and view all the answers

Two triangles, ( ABC ) and ( DEF ), are similar, with ( AB = 6 ), ( BC = 8 ), and ( DE = 9 ). What is the perimeter of triangle ( DEF )?

27 Signup and view all the answers

In the proof of the Pythagorean theorem, why is $\triangle ABD$ similar to $\triangle CBA$?

They are both right-angled triangles, and they have two pairs of corresponding angles equal. Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ABC, a line DE is drawn parallel to BC such that D lies on AB and E lies on AC. If AD = 4 units, DB = 6 units, and AE = 5 units, what is the length of EC?

7.5 units Signup and view all the answers

In two similar triangles, if the ratio of the lengths of their corresponding sides is 2:3, what is the ratio of their areas?

4:9 Signup and view all the answers

If two triangles are equiangular, what can be concluded about their corresponding sides?

They are proportional Signup and view all the answers

What is the converse of the Mid-point Theorem?

The line drawn from the midpoint of one side of a triangle is parallel to another side and bisects the third side. Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for two triangles to be similar?

Their corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides are proportional. Signup and view all the answers

If two polygons are similar, what can be said about their areas?

They are proportional to the square of the ratio of their corresponding sides. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Proportion Theorem?

To divide a line segment into two proportional parts. Signup and view all the answers

If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, what does it do to the other two sides?

It divides them into two proportional parts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for two polygons to be classified as similar?

They have the same number of sides and their corresponding sides are proportional. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the corresponding sides of two similar triangles?

They are proportional. Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of proportion that states that wz = xy?

Cross-multiplication property Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for two triangles to be similar?

They have proportional corresponding sides and equal corresponding angles Signup and view all the answers

What does the Pythagorean theorem state?

The square on the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of the regression coefficient (r)?

-1 to 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the area of a triangle?

1/2 × base × height Signup and view all the answers

What is the converse of the Pythagorean theorem?

If the square of one side of a triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the angle included by these two sides is a right angle Signup and view all the answers

What does a regression coefficient (r) close to -1 indicate?

A strong negative correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the linear regression line?

To find the line of best fit for a set of bivariate numerical data Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of the linear regression line?

y = A + Bx Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for two polygons to be similar?

All pairs of corresponding angles are equal, and all pairs of corresponding sides are in the same proportion Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the lengths of sides DE and BC if DE is drawn parallel to BC and DE is half the length of BC?

DE is half the length of BC Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the distance formula and cosine rule to derive trigonometric identities?

To derive trigonometric identities such as cosine and sine of the sum of two angles Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of equating the two expressions KL^2 = (cos α - cos β)^2 + (sin α - sin β)^2 and KL^2 = 2 - 2 cos(α - β)?

cos(α - β) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of rewriting the angle as a difference in the derivation of cos(α + β)?

To apply the cosine difference formula Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of substituting the even-odd identities into the derivation of cos(α + β)?

cos(α + β) = cos α cos β - sin α sin β Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the unit circle in deriving trigonometric identities?

To derive trigonometric identities using the distance formula and cosine rule Signup and view all the answers

What is the trigonometric identity derived from equating KL^2 = (cos α - cos β)^2 + (sin α - sin β)^2 and KL^2 = 2 - 2 cos(α - β)?

cos(α - β) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β Signup and view all the answers

What is the radius of a circle with equation (x - 3)^2 + (y + 2)^2 = 16?

4 Signup and view all the answers

If C(a, b) is the center of a circle, what is the equation of the tangent line to the circle at the point (a, b)?

x - a = 0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the coordinate of the center of a circle with equation x^2 + y^2 + 6x - 4y + 4 = 0?

(-3, 2) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following equations represents a circle with center at (2, -3) and radius 5?

(x - 2)^2 + (y + 3)^2 = 25 Signup and view all the answers

If a circle has equation x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 6y + 8 = 0, what is the radius?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of the circle with center at (-1, 2) and radius 3?

(x + 1)^2 + (y - 2)^2 = 9 Signup and view all the answers

If a circle has equation (x + 2)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 16, what is the center?

(-2, 3) Signup and view all the answers

Which formula represents the cosine of a sum correctly?

$ an(eta + heta) = rac{ an eta + an heta}{1 - an eta an heta}$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent expression for $ an(90^ ext{o} - eta)$?

$ ext{sin} eta$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct expression for the sine of double angle?

$2 ext{sin} eta ext{cos} eta$ Signup and view all the answers

Which identity correctly represents the cosine of a difference?

$ ext{cos}(eta - heta) = ext{cos} eta ext{cos} heta + ext{sin} eta ext{sin} heta$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of the cosine of double angle?

$2 ext{sin}^2 eta - 1$ Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to find the general solution to a trigonometric equation?

Determining the reference angle and verifying solutions Signup and view all the answers

What does the CAST diagram help determine?

Where a function is positive or negative Signup and view all the answers

Which formula correctly defines the sine of a sum?

$ ext{sin}(eta + heta) = ext{sin} eta ext{cos} heta + ext{cos} eta ext{sin} heta$ Signup and view all the answers

In the context of solving trigonometric equations, what must be verified after finding potential solutions?

Confirm the values fall within a specified interval Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct general solution for the equation if $ an heta = x$?

$\theta = \tan^{-1} x + k \cdot 180^\circ$ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios indicates the use of the Sine Rule?

When two angles and a side are known. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of calculating areas of triangles, when should the Area Rule be used?

When no perpendicular height is given. Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of applying the Cosine Rule, given that two sides and the included angle are known?

It allows for the calculation of the third side. Signup and view all the answers

Which formula correctly applies to find the height of a pole, given the relevant triangle and angles?

$h = \frac{d \sin \alpha}{\sin \beta}$ Signup and view all the answers

How can the height of a building be determined using the Sine Rule?

By calculating the length of side BD first. Signup and view all the answers

If the equation for the area of triangle ABC is $ ext{Area} = \frac{1}{2}ab\sin C$, which conditions must be met to use this equation?

Both sides a and b must be adjacent to angle C. Signup and view all the answers

In three-dimensional problems, what is the first step recommended before applying any rules?

Draw a sketch to visualize the problem. Signup and view all the answers

A circle has the equation ( (x - 3)^2 + (y + 2)^2 = 25 ). A tangent line touches the circle at the point ( (7, 1) ). What is the equation of the tangent line?

( y - 1 = -\frac{3}{4}(x - 7) ) Signup and view all the answers

Given two triangles, ( \triangle ABC ) and ( \triangle DEF ), with ( \angle A = \angle D ), ( \angle B = \angle E ), and ( \angle C = \angle F ). If ( AB = 12 ), ( BC = 8 ), ( AC = 10 ), and ( DE = 18 ), what is the length of ( EF )?

( 15 ) Signup and view all the answers

A line segment ( \overline{DE} ) is drawn parallel to the base ( \overline{BC} ) of triangle ( \triangle ABC ). If ( AD = 6 ), ( DB = 4 ), and ( AE = 9 ), what is the length of ( EC )?

( 6 ) Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ( \triangle ABC ), ( \overline{DE} ) is a line segment parallel to ( \overline{BC} ), intersecting ( \overline{AB} ) at ( D ) and ( \overline{AC} ) at ( E ). If ( AD = 5 ), ( DB = 3 ), and ( AE = 8 ), what is the length of ( EC )?

( 4.8 ) Signup and view all the answers

A circle has the equation ( (x + 2)^2 + (y - 1)^2 = 16 ). A tangent line touches the circle at the point ( (2, 5) ). What is the gradient of the tangent line?

( -\frac{3}{4} ) Signup and view all the answers

A circle with center ( (2, -3) ) passes through the point ( (5, 1) ). What is the equation of the tangent line to the circle at the point ( (5, 1) )?

( y - 1 = -\frac{3}{2}(x - 5) ) Signup and view all the answers

Two similar triangles have corresponding sides in the ratio 3:5. If the area of the smaller triangle is 27 square units, what is the area of the larger triangle?

( 75 ) square units Signup and view all the answers

A line segment is drawn parallel to the base of a triangle, dividing the two sides proportionally. The length of one segment of a side is 6 units, and the length of the corresponding segment on the other side is 8 units. If the length of the whole side is 15 units, what is the length of the whole other side?

( 20 ) units Signup and view all the answers

Two triangles are similar. The area of the smaller triangle is 16 square units, and the area of the larger triangle is 64 square units. If the perimeter of the smaller triangle is 12 units, what is the perimeter of the larger triangle?

( 24 ) units Signup and view all the answers

A circle has a radius of 5 units and a tangent line touches the circle at the point ( (3, 4) ). What is the gradient of the radius drawn to this point of tangency?

( \frac{3}{4} ) Signup and view all the answers

Given a linear regression equation with a gradient of 0.6 and standard deviations of the (x)-values and (y)-values of 2.5 and 3.0 respectively, what is the value of the linear correlation coefficient (r)?

0.5 Signup and view all the answers

Two variables have a correlation coefficient of -0.75. What can be concluded about the relationship between the two variables?

A strong negative linear relationship exists between the variables. Signup and view all the answers

Consider a circle centered at the origin with radius (r). What is the equation of the circle if it passes through the point ((3, 4))?

(x^2 + y^2 = 25) Signup and view all the answers

Given (cos (α - β) = 0.8) and (sin (α - β) = 0.6), what is the value of (tan (α - β))?

0.75 Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplified expression for (sin (α + β)cos (α - β) + cos (α + β)sin (α - β))?

sin(2α) Signup and view all the answers

In a right triangle with one angle measuring 60 degrees, the side opposite the 60-degree angle measures 10 units. What is the length of the hypotenuse?

10√3 units Signup and view all the answers

A line segment connecting the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side and half its length. This is a statement of which geometric theorem?

Midsegment Theorem Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of (cos (α - β)) if (sin α = \frac{3}{5}), (cos α = \frac{4}{5}), (sin β = \frac{5}{13}) and (cos β = \frac{12}{13})?

(\frac{56}{65}) Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of (r) if the linear correlation coefficient is 0.8 and the gradient of the least squares regression line is 0.5, given that the standard deviation of the (x)-values is 2?

1.6 Signup and view all the answers

If a circle has a diameter of 10 units, what is the equation of the circle if its center is at ((-2, 3))?

((x + 2)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 25) Signup and view all the answers

If the gradient of the radius is 2/3 and the gradient of the tangent is m, what is the value of m?

-3/2 Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle, if a line is drawn parallel to one side, it divides the other two sides in a ratio of 3:5. If the length of one of the divided sides is 12, what is the length of the other divided side?

20 Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of the tangent to a circle at the point of tangency (x₁, y₁) if the center of the circle is (a, b) and the radius is r?

y - y₁ = m(x - x₁) Signup and view all the answers

If two triangles have their corresponding sides in a ratio of 2:3, what can be concluded about their angles?

They are equiangular Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of proportion that states wx = zy?

Cross Multiplication Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle, if a line is drawn parallel to one side, it divides the other two sides in a ratio of 2:5. If the length of one of the divided sides is 10, what is the length of the other divided side?

15 Signup and view all the answers

Given a right-angled triangle with sides of length 5, 12, and 13 units, what is the area of the triangle?

30 square units Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step after finding the center of the circle in determining the equation of the tangent?

Find the gradient of the radius Signup and view all the answers

If two polygons are similar, what can be said about their areas?

They are proportional Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Basic Proportionality Theorem in geometry?

To compare corresponding parts of two triangles Signup and view all the answers

If two triangles are equiangular, what can be inferred about their sides?

They are proportional Signup and view all the answers

In triangle ABC, DE is drawn parallel to BC, with D on AB and E on AC. If AD = 4, DB = 6, and AE = 5, what is the length of EC?

7.5 Signup and view all the answers

Triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF. If AB = 6, BC = 8, and DE = 9, what is the length of EF?

12 Signup and view all the answers

Triangle ABC has a base BC of length 12 and a height of 8. A line segment DE is drawn parallel to BC, with D on AB and E on AC, such that DE is half the length of BC. What is the area of triangle ADE?

12 Signup and view all the answers

Given that triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF, with AB = 6, BC = 8, and DE = 9, what is the ratio of the area of triangle ABC to the area of triangle DEF?

4:9 Signup and view all the answers

In triangle ABC, D is the midpoint of AB and E is the midpoint of AC. If BC = 10, what is the length of DE?

5 Signup and view all the answers

If two triangles have all their corresponding angles equal, but their corresponding sides are not proportional, what can you conclude?

The triangles are not similar. Signup and view all the answers

A line segment DE is drawn parallel to BC in triangle ABC, with D on AB and E on AC. If AD = 3, DB = 6, and AE = 4, what is the length of EC?

8 Signup and view all the answers

Triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF. If AB = 5, BC = 7, and DE = 10, what is the perimeter of triangle DEF?

30 Signup and view all the answers

A line segment DE is drawn parallel to BC in triangle ABC, with D on AB and E on AC. If AD = 4, DB = 6, and AE = 5, what is the ratio of the area of triangle ADE to the area of triangle ABC?

4:9 Signup and view all the answers

Triangle ABC has a base BC of length 10 and a height of 6. A line segment DE is drawn parallel to BC, with D on AB and E on AC, such that DE is one-third the length of BC. What is the area of triangle ADE?

5 Signup and view all the answers

Given a triangle with base length of 10 units and height of 6 units, and another triangle with the same height and base length of 5 units, what is the ratio of the area of the larger triangle to the area of the smaller triangle?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

If a line segment connects the midpoints of two sides of a triangle, what conclusion can be made about the relationship between the line segment and the third side of the triangle?

The line segment is parallel to the third side and half its length. Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ( riangle ABC ), a line segment ( DE ) is drawn parallel to ( BC ) with ( D ) on ( AB ) and ( E ) on ( AC ). If ( AD = 4 ) units, ( DB = 6 ) units, and ( AE = 5 ) units, what is the length of ( EC )?

7.5 units Signup and view all the answers

A kite has diagonals of lengths 12 units and 8 units. What is the area of the kite?

48 square units Signup and view all the answers

If two triangles have their corresponding sides in proportion, what can be concluded about their angles?

Their corresponding angles are congruent. Signup and view all the answers

A trapezium has bases of lengths 10 units and 16 units, and its height is 8 units. What is the area of the trapezium?

104 square units Signup and view all the answers

Two triangles are said to be similar if they have the same shape but different sizes. What is the relationship between the areas of two similar triangles?

The ratio of their areas is equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding sides. Signup and view all the answers

Given a triangle ( riangle ABC ), with ( D ) on ( AB ) and ( E ) on ( AC ), such that ( DE \parallel BC ). If ( AD = 3 ) units, ( DB = 5 ) units, and ( AE = 4 ) units, what is the length of ( EC )?

6.67 units Signup and view all the answers

Two triangles are equal in area. If they share the same base, what conclusion can be made about their heights?

Their heights are equal. Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle, if a line segment is drawn connecting the midpoints of two sides, what is the relationship between the length of this line segment and the length of the third side?

The line segment is half as long as the third side. Signup and view all the answers

Given the equation of a circle: ( x^2 + y^2 - 6x + 4y - 12 = 0 ), find the equation of the tangent line at the point ( (7, 1) ) on the circle.

( y = rac{1}{3}x + rac{4}{3} ) Signup and view all the answers

A circle is tangent to the x-axis at the point ( (3, 0) ) and passes through the point ( (0, 4) ). Find the equation of the circle.

( (x - 3)^2 + (y - 4)^2 = 9 ) Signup and view all the answers

Two circles, ( C_1 ) and ( C_2 ), are tangent externally at the point ( (2, 3) ). The center of ( C_1 ) is at ( (0, 0) ), and the radius of ( C_1 ) is ( 5 ). Find the equation of circle ( C_2 ).

( (x - 4)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 16 ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of -0.8?

A strong negative correlation Signup and view all the answers

Consider a circle with equation ( (x - 2)^2 + (y + 1)^2 = 9 ). The line ( y = mx + c ) is a tangent to this circle. Determine the possible values of ( m ) and ( c ).

( m = rac{1}{2} ) or ( m = -rac{1}{2} ), ( c = 3 ) or ( c = -5 ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the linear correlation coefficient r?

r = b * (√(σx / σy)) Signup and view all the answers

The equation of a circle is ( x^2 + y^2 + 8x - 10y + 16 = 0 ). Find the equation of the tangent line to the circle at the point ( (1, 5) ).

( y = -rac{3}{4}x + rac{23}{4} ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of a circle with center at the origin and radius r?

x^2 + y^2 = r^2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the cosine of the difference of two angles α and β?

cos(α - β) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β Signup and view all the answers

Given the circle with equation ( (x + 3)^2 + (y - 2)^2 = 25 ), find the equation of the tangent line that is parallel to the line ( 2x - y = 1 ).

( 2x - y + 7 = 0 ) Signup and view all the answers

A circle has center ( (1, -2) ) and passes through the point ( (4, 1) ). Find the equation of the tangent line to the circle at the point ( (4, 1) ).

( y = -rac{3}{4}x + rac{19}{4} ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sine of the sum of two angles α and β?

sin(α + β) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β Signup and view all the answers

The equation of a circle is ( x^2 + y^2 - 4x + 6y - 3 = 0 ). Find the coordinates of the point on the circle where the tangent line is parallel to the line ( 3x - 4y = 1 ).

( (3, -1) ) Signup and view all the answers

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of 0.4?

A weak positive correlation Signup and view all the answers

What is the symmetry of a circle with center at the origin?

Symmetric about the x-axis and y-axis Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculation of the regression line?

y = A + Bx, where A is the y-intercept and B is the gradient Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a calculator for linear regression?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of the correlation coefficient r?

-1 to 1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the conclusion derived from equating the distance formula and the cosine rule regarding the cosine of the difference of two angles?

$ ext{cos}(eta - heta) = ext{cos} eta ext{cos} heta + ext{sin} eta ext{sin} heta$. Signup and view all the answers

Which reasoning is applied to derive $ ext{cos}( heta + eta)$ using the negative angle identity?

By applying the cosine difference formula on $ heta$ and $-eta$. Signup and view all the answers

What is simplified from the expression using even-odd identities when calculating $ ext{cos}( heta + eta)$?

$ ext{cos}( heta + eta) = ext{cos} heta ext{cos} eta - ext{sin} heta ext{sin} eta$. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key relationship derived between two points on the unit circle using the distance formula?

$KL^2 = 2 - 2 ext{cos}( heta - eta)$. Signup and view all the answers

Which identity represents the sine of the sum of two angles derived from the sine difference formula?

$ ext{sin}( heta + eta) = ext{sin} heta ext{cos} eta + ext{cos} heta ext{sin} eta$. Signup and view all the answers

What common misunderstanding might arise regarding the cosine and sine functions when applying angle identities?

The cosine of a sum can be equated directly to sine terms. Signup and view all the answers

In a triangle ABC, given that a = 7, b = 5, and angle C = 60 degrees, what is the length of side c? (Use the Cosine Rule)

√69 Signup and view all the answers

What is the expression for the sine of a sum of two angles?

$ an eta + an eta$ Signup and view all the answers

Which identity represents the cosine of a difference of two angles?

$rac{1 - an^2 eta}{1 + an^2 eta}$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent expression for $ an(2 heta)$ using double angle formulas?

$rac{2 an heta}{1 - an^2 heta}$ Signup and view all the answers

In the identity for the cosine of a sum, $ heta + eta$, which component changes?

$ an heta an eta - 1$ Signup and view all the answers

Which formula would you use to simplify $ an(2 heta)$?

$rac{2 an heta}{1 + an^2 heta}$ Signup and view all the answers

What derives the sine of a double angle?

$ an(eta + eta)$ Signup and view all the answers

Which representation correctly uses the Pythagorean identity for sine and cosine?

$ an^2 heta + an^2 heta = 1$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the period of the sine and cosine functions?

$360^ ext{o}$ Signup and view all the answers

Which angle identity is applicable when determining complementary angles?

$ an(90^ ext{o} - heta)$ Signup and view all the answers

Which expression equals $sin(90^ ext{o} - heta)$?

$rac{1}{ an( heta)}$ Signup and view all the answers

Gr 12 Mathematics: November Hard P(2)

Questions and Answers

What is the equation of a circle with center at (a, b) and radius r?

What is the purpose of completing the square in the equation of a circle?

What is the relationship between the radius and the tangent line at the point of tangency?

What is the key concept that ensures the tangent line touches the circle at only one point?

What is the formula for the center of a circle given the general form equation x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0?

What is the formula for the radius of a circle given the general form equation x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0?

What is the definition of a tangent line to a circle?

What is the purpose of the equation of a circle?

What is the relationship between the gradient of the radius and the gradient of the tangent?

What is the next step after finding the center of the circle in determining the equation of the tangent?

What is the property of proportion that states wz = xy?

What is the purpose of the Basic Proportionality Theorem in geometry?

What is the formula for the area of a triangle?

What is the definition of a polygon?

What is the formula for the gradient of the tangent?

What is the first step in solving proportional problems?

What is the name of the theorem that states that if a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, it divides the other two sides proportionally?

What is the purpose of ratios in geometry?

What is the relationship between the sides of two triangles if the corresponding angles are equal?

In a triangle, if a line drawn from the midpoint of one side is parallel to another side, what conclusion can be drawn about the third side?

What must be true for two polygons to be classified as similar?

When two triangles have their corresponding sides in proportion, what can we conclude about their angles?

What is the condition for two triangles to be similar?

What does the Proportion Theorem state about a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle?

In the context of similarity, what is required to prove that two triangles are equiangular?

What is the purpose of the Pythagorean theorem?

What is the equation of the linear regression line?

If two polygons are similar, what can you say about their areas?

What is the range of the regression coefficient (r)?

Which condition is NOT required for two triangles to be similar?

What is the formula for the area of a triangle?

In a triangle, if side lengths are $6$, $8$, and $10$, what can you conclude about the triangle?

What can be concluded about the lengths of sides DE and BC if DE is drawn parallel to BC and DE is half the length of BC?

What is the converse of the Pythagorean theorem?

What is the purpose of the linear regression line?

What is the condition for two triangles to be congruent?

What is the formula for the Pythagorean theorem?

What does a regression coefficient (r) close to -1 indicate?

What is the area of a rhombus if the lengths of the diagonals AC and BD are 8 units and 6 units respectively?

If two triangles are equiangular, what can be inferred about their sides?

According to the Triangle Proportionality Theorem, what does a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle do to the other two sides?

What is the height of a trapezium if the bases are of lengths 10 units and 14 units and the area is 120 square units?

In a triangle with a base of 12 units and height of 3 units, what is the area?

What is the relationship between the sides of two similar polygons?

If the diagonal AC of a kite measures 10 units and diagonal BD measures 8 units, what is the area of the kite?

In a right triangle, if one leg measures 6 units and the other leg measures 8 units, what is the length of the hypotenuse?

If a line segment connects the midpoints of two sides of a triangle, what is the length of that segment compared to the third side?

What must be true for two triangles to be considered equal in area but not necessarily congruent?

What does the distance formula express when comparing two points on the unit circle?

Which identity is used to derive the cosine of the sum of two angles?

From the cosine rule, what does the expression $KL^2 = 2 - 2 ext{cos}( heta)$ imply for the relationship of points on the unit circle?

After applying the even-odd identities, what is the final expression for $cos(\alpha + \beta)$?

When using the cosine rule, what is the relationship between $\cos(\alpha - \beta)$ and the cosine and sine components of $\alpha$ and $\beta$?

What type of relationship is established by the equation $2 - 2 \cos(\alpha - \beta) = 2 - 2 (\cos \alpha \cos \beta + \sin \alpha \sin \beta)$?

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of 0.8?

What is the formula for calculating the linear correlation coefficient r?

What is the equation of a circle with center at the origin and radius r?

What is the cosine of a difference formula in trigonometry?

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of -0.6?

What is the sine of a sum formula in trigonometry?

What is the condition for a circle to be symmetric about the x-axis?

What is the formula for calculating the y-intercept of a linear regression line?

What is the interpretation of a correlation coefficient of 0.2?

What is the cosine of a sum formula in trigonometry?

What is the formula for the sine of a difference of two angles?

What is the formula for the cosine of a sum of two angles?

What is the formula for the sine of a double angle?

What is the formula for the cosine of a double angle?

What is the general method for solving trigonometric equations?

What is the purpose of using the CAST diagram in solving trigonometric equations?

What is the formula for the sine of a sum of two angles?

What is the formula for the cosine of a difference of two angles?

What is the purpose of finding the general solution in solving trigonometric equations?

What is the formula for the cosine of a double angle in terms of sine?

What is the general solution for $ an \theta = x$?

Which of the following scenarios would require the Cosine Rule?

In calculating the area of triangle ABC using the Area Rule, which formula is valid?

To find the height of a building from point B using triangle BCD, what does BD in the equation represent?