Chronic Renal Failure: Risk Factors and Definitions

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What is the role of hepcidin in CKD?

Reduces susceptibility to infection

Mobilizes iron from body stores

Blocks GI iron absorption (correct)

Enhances GI iron absorption

Which of the following is a common early manifestation of uremia?

Hyperactivity

Anorexia (correct)

Increased appetite

Weight gain

What are the indications for initiating renal replacement therapy?

Neuropathy attributable to uremia (correct)

Hypertension control

Dietary protein restriction

Muscle relaxation

What is recommended prior to any invasive dental treatment for renal failure patients?

Obtaining a complete blood count and coagulation tests (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is important to consider when providing dental treatment to dialyzed patients?

Requesting a complete blood count and coagulation tests prior to invasive procedures (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an implication of being a dialyzed patient in terms of infection risk?

Increased risk of HIV and tuberculosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to conduct dental evaluation prior to renal transplantation?

To identify existing infectious foci (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for recommending paracetamol as the non-narcotic analgesic of choice in application to episodic pain?

Its minimal effect on the kidneys (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why should aspirin be avoided in uremic patients?

It possesses antiplatelet activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of renal failure on the metabolism and elimination of certain drugs?

It alters drug metabolism and elimination (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are recommended for use in renal failure patients?

Penicillins and cephalosporins (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) recommended for dose reduction or avoidance in advanced stages of renal failure?

They can worsen progressive metabolic acidosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is primarily due to decreased erythropoietin production in chronic renal failure?

Anemia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for chronic renal failure related to birth weight?

Reduced nephron number at birth (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ system dysfunction is reflected in uremia due to undertreated acute or chronic renal failure?

Nervous system (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure?

Hypocalcaemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical state in which a patient is permanently dependent upon renal replacement therapy due to irreversible loss of endogenous renal function?

Chronic Renal Failure (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered a risk factor for chronic renal failure?

High protein diet (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with the development of atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure?

Diabetes mellitus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical manifestation resulting from hypovitaminosis D in chronic renal failure?

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a primary risk factor for chronic renal failure related to age and gender?

Elderly, Male (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which manifestation reflects dysfunction of all organ systems as a result of untreated or undertreated acute or chronic renal failure?

Uremia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of congestive heart failure in chronic renal failure?

Anemia (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with reduced nephron number at birth and considered a risk factor for chronic renal failure?

Low birth weight (C) Signup and view all the answers