Chronic Kidney Disease Overview

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz

Study Flashcards

Spaced Repetition

Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are some symptoms of Chronic Kidney Disease?

Nausea; vomiting; loss of apetite; fatigue and weakness; sleep problems; utinating more or less; dry, itchy skin; swelling of feet and ankle; uncontrollable high blood pressure; chest pain (if fluid builds up around heart)

What are some risk factors/causes of Chronic Kidney Disease?

Diabetes; high blood pressure; heart disease; smoking; obesity; family history of kidney disease; abnormal kidney structure; older age; frequent use of medications that damage kidneys

What complications can arise from Chronic Kidney Disease?

Can affect almost every part of your body; fluid retention in arms and legs; hyperkalemia; anemia; heart disease

How is Chronic Kidney Disease diagnosed?

A blood test known as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and a urine test known as the urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease?

Treatment focuses on slowing the progression of kidney damage, usually by controlling the cause Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of untreated Chronic Kidney Disease?

Advanced chronic kidney disease can cause dangerous levels of fluid, electrolytes, and wastes to build up in your body Signup and view all the answers

What are the key lifestyle factors recommended for maintaining kidney health?

Maintain a healthy weight; no smoking; manage medical conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common medications used to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

Medicines can include an ACE inhibitor/ARB, an SGLT2 inhibitor and/or an nsMRA. Signup and view all the answers

What is azotemia, and how is it related to kidney disease?

Azotemia is a condition in which you have too much nitrogen, creatinine and other waste products in your blood, often resulting from CKD. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key symptoms and complications of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Decreased urine output, fluid retention, confusion, nausea, weakness, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and risk of permanent kidney damage or death. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four phases of acute kidney injury (AKI), and briefly describe them?

<ol> <li>Onset phase (kidney injury), 2) Oliguric phase (urine output below 400ml/day), 3) Diuretic phase (urine output increasing but tubule damage), 4) Recovery phase (edema decreased, GFR returns to 70-80%).</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is Bartter syndrome, and what are its key features and treatments?

Bartter syndrome is a group of rare genetic conditions affecting the kidneys' ability to reabsorb sodium, chloride, and water. Key features include hypokalemia, constipation, frequent urination, salt cravings, and muscle cramps/weakness. Treatments include indomethacin, potassium-sparing diuretics, RAAS inhibitors, and supplements. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying