22 Questions
When working with a client with chronic heart failure, what medications are they likely to be taking?
β-adrenergic blocking agent and a vasodilator such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
What information about medications should be asked when working with a client with chronic heart failure?
Dose, administration route, frequency, and time of day taken
What is essential to record in a client's medical history with coronary heart disease?
Severity of coronary lesions and most current EF assessment
Why is it necessary to identify asthma or COPD in a client's medical history?
To explain why some medications are used when symptomatic and others as part of a long-term plan
What information should be included in a concise, relevant list of past medical problems?
All conditions, injuries, and dates
Why is it essential to ask about a client's allergy history?
To identify potential interactions with medications
What is the primary goal of education about the reason for referral in clients with cardiopulmonary conditions?
To improve understanding of the progressive nature of CAD
Which demographic factor is an independent predictor of survival in almost all cardiopulmonary conditions?
Age
What is a common comorbidity associated with African Americans with cardiopulmonary conditions?
All of the above
What is the primary purpose of recording and conveying the primary information related to the condition that led to the referral?
To identify the chief complaint and symptoms
What is the acronym used to ask more specific questions about symptoms in clients with cardiopulmonary conditions?
OPQRTS
What is a critical factor to consider when applying exercise interventions to individuals with cardiopulmonary conditions?
All of the above
What is the primary reason why a client's current medication list is essential when applying exercise interventions?
To develop an exercise program that aligns with their medical history
What is a complication that may affect exercise compliance in women with cardiopulmonary conditions?
Higher morbidity and mortality following revascularisation procedures
What is the primary purpose of health screening and CV risk factor analysis in exercise programming?
To identify individuals at risk of adverse exercise-related cardiovascular events
Why is it challenging to predict exercise-related sudden cardiac death and acute MI by assessing risk factors?
Due to the high prevalence of CVD risk factors among adults and the rarity of exercise-related sudden cardiac death and acute MI
What is the primary goal of the general interview in the exercise programming process?
To gather subjective information about the client's health and fitness goals
What is a key consideration when conducting an interview with a client with cardiopulmonary conditions?
Using lay terms to ensure understanding and minimize confusion
What should be considered when assessing the effects of commonly prescribed medications on exercise responses?
Both the acute and chronic effects of medication on exercise response
Why is it important to assess the effects of medications on exercise responses?
To ensure that the client can exercise safely and effectively
What should be considered when outlining the risk factors, complications, and comorbidities that must be accounted for when applying exercise interventions to individuals with cardiopulmonary conditions?
Both the client's current health status and past medical history
What is a key component of the interview process in exercise programming?
Building empathy and trust with the client
Study Notes
Client Information
- A client with chronic heart failure is likely to be on a β-adrenergic blocking agent (β-blocker) and a vasodilator such as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
- Important to ask about medications, including dose, administration route, frequency, and time of day taken, as they may affect the exercise prescription.
Medical History
- A concise, relevant list of past medical problems, including dates, is essential.
- All conditions, injuries, etc., should be recorded, as one may influence another and the exercise prescription.
- For CHD, record severity of coronary lesions, types of conduits used if bypass was performed, target vessels, and most current assessment of LV function (EF).
- For lung disease, identify asthma or COPD, and explain why some medications are used when symptomatic and others as part of a long-term plan.
Meeting the Client
- Important components include informed consent, health screening, and CV risk factor analysis to identify at-risk individuals.
- Ability to predict exercise-related CV events is low due to high prevalence of CVD risk factors among adults and rarity of exercise-related sudden cardiac death and acute MI.
Interview
- Two main steps: general interview for subjective information and assessment/evaluation for objective measures.
- Used for the action plan (intervention exercise program).
Interview Environment
- Minimize interruptions, ensure quiet and secure environment, and use limited distractions.
- Use language that is understandable and appropriate, and start with general/open questions that become more specific.
- Ask for clarification when needed, and be mindful of non-verbal communication.
Reason for Referral
- Usually self-explanatory, but may require education to bridge the gap between the nature of the referral and the client's interpretation.
- Critical for a good working relationship with the client.
Demographics
- Age, sex, and ethnicity are related to risk of cardiovascular conditions and/or co-morbidities.
- Age is an independent predictor of survival in almost all cardiopulmonary conditions.
- Sex may affect exercise compliance and disease management, and ethnicity differences are often related to differences in SES and access to care.
History of Present Illness
- Record and convey primary information related to the condition that led to the referral.
- Include chief complaint, summary of manifestations, and information pertaining to date of onset, chronicity of symptoms, types of symptoms, exacerbating or alleviating factors, major interventions, and current disease status.
Medications and Allergies
- A current medication list is essential, considering how they align with the client's current and previous medical history.
- Ask about allergies, including nka (no known allergies).
This quiz assesses knowledge of medications used to treat chronic heart failure, including β-blockers and vasodilators, and their administration details.
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