L10 Morphology of chromosomes and Karyotyping

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What is the main method used to identify chromosomes?

Their shape

Their size

Banding patterns produced by specific stains (correct)

Organizing them into a karyotype

Which type of chromosome has the centromere placed at or near the middle?

Telocentric chromosome

Acrocentric chromosome

Submetacentric chromosome

Metacentric chromosome (correct)

Which chromosome arm is designated as 'q'?

The short arm

The centromere

The long arm (correct)

The secondary constriction

What is the defining characteristic of acrocentric chromosomes?

The chromosome has a secondary constriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of submetacentric chromosomes?

The centromere is placed closer to one end of the chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of centromeres in eukaryotic chromosomes?

To segregate the chromatids during meiosis and mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of arranging chromosomes in pairs of decreasing length called?

Karyotyping Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of telomeres in eukaryotic chromosomes?

To provide terminal stability and ensure the survival of the chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of G-banding in cytogenetics?

To identify each chromosome by its pattern of alternating light and dark bands Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin in chromosomes?

Euchromatin contains more active genes and replicates in the early S phase, while heterochromatin contains fewer active genes and replicates later. Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagram that represents the morphological features of a species' chromosomes called?

Idiotype Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the secondary constriction in chromosomes?

Contains loci for ribosomal RNA genes Signup and view all the answers

Which group of human chromosomes includes the largest metacentric chromosomes?

Group A: 1-3 Signup and view all the answers

What type of chromatin remains permanently in a heterochromatic stage?

Constitutive heterochromatin Signup and view all the answers

How are chromosomes classified based on staining characteristics?

By regions that stain differently with various chemicals Signup and view all the answers

Which group of human chromosomes consists of smaller, metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes?

Group E: 16-18 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of facultative heterochromatin?

Reverts to the euchromatic stage selectively during development Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chromosomes?

To carry genetic information Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of cell division are chromosomes most easily observed?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chromosome number within an individual's cells?

It is constant for each cell in the body Signup and view all the answers

How do chromosomes appear during interphase?

Longest and thinnest Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about chromosome number is true?

It is constant for all members of a species Signup and view all the answers

At which stage of cell division are chromosomes the smallest?

Anaphase Signup and view all the answers

L10 Morphology of chromosomes and Karyotyping

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Questions and Answers

What is the main method used to identify chromosomes?

Which type of chromosome has the centromere placed at or near the middle?

Which chromosome arm is designated as 'q'?

What is the defining characteristic of acrocentric chromosomes?

What is the defining characteristic of submetacentric chromosomes?

What is the primary function of centromeres in eukaryotic chromosomes?

What is the process of arranging chromosomes in pairs of decreasing length called?

What is the main purpose of telomeres in eukaryotic chromosomes?

What is the purpose of G-banding in cytogenetics?

What is the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin in chromosomes?

What is the diagram that represents the morphological features of a species' chromosomes called?

What is the function of the secondary constriction in chromosomes?

Which group of human chromosomes includes the largest metacentric chromosomes?

What type of chromatin remains permanently in a heterochromatic stage?

How are chromosomes classified based on staining characteristics?

Which group of human chromosomes consists of smaller, metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes?

What is the function of facultative heterochromatin?

What is the primary function of chromosomes?

During which stage of cell division are chromosomes most easily observed?

What is the characteristic of chromosome number within an individual's cells?

How do chromosomes appear during interphase?

Which of the following statements about chromosome number is true?

At which stage of cell division are chromosomes the smallest?

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