L2 MCQ Chromosome Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best defines ploidy?

  • The number of possible alleles for autosomal genes
  • The number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell (correct)
  • The number of chromosomes in a cell
  • The number of DNA copies in a cell

What changes when the chromosome number changes in a cell?

  • The amount of DNA (correct)
  • The types of genetic content
  • The number of possible alleles for autosomal genes
  • The number of complete sets of chromosomes

What is the ploidy of a normal human zygote?

  • n=1
  • n=3
  • n=2 (correct)
  • n=4

What is the ploidy of Penny's oocyte?

<p>n=1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of Leonard's sperm?

<p>n=1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of a daughter cell after meiosis I?

<p>n=1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many copies of Penny's mtDNA are present in the zygote?

<p>2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of Leonard's sister chromatids after DNA replication?

<p>n=2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many homologous chromosomes are present in each cell after meiosis I?

<p>2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of a normal human baby?

<p>n=2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During meiosis II, how many cells are produced and how many copies of each autosome are present in each cell?

<p>4 cells with 1 copy of each autosome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of the cells after meiosis I?

<p>2n, 4c (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does recombination occur during meiosis?

<p>Meiosis I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do the sex chromosomes undergo crossing over during meiosis?

<p>Yes, in females only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many possible chromosome combinations are created during gametogenesis?

<p>223 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a change in chromosome number that arises from errors in mitosis and meiosis and is clinically evident?

<p>Aneuploidy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a normal diploid chromosome complement of 46 chromosomes?

<p>Euploidy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for three copies of a chromosome?

<p>Trisomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for one copy of a chromosome?

<p>Monosomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of a girl with Patau Syndrome?

<p>3n (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to visualize the location of a specific nucleotide sequence and determine its presence on a chromosome?

<p>Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Multiplex FISH (M-FISH)?

<p>To detect small chromosome rearrangements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two categories of structural chromosome abnormalities?

<p>Balanced and Unbalanced (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of structural chromosome abnormality involves the deletion of a part of a chromosome?

<p>Deletion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a large deletion on a chromosome that is visible under a light microscope?

<p>Conventional cytogenetics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of structural chromosome abnormality is characterized by no gain or loss of genetic content?

<p>Balanced (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a change in chromosome structure caused by chromosome breakage and subsequent abnormal realignment?

<p>Structural Chromosome Abnormalities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are structural chromosome abnormalities heritable only if they occur in the germ line?

<p>Yes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a deletion on chromosome 5p, which is associated with Cri-du-chat Syndrome?

<p>del(5p) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often do large deletions (>5 Mb) occur on chromosomes?

<p>Rarely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method used to study chromosomes?

<p>DNA sequencing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chromatin is more condensed and less transcriptionally active?

<p>Heterochromatin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cytogenetics?

<p>To identify chromosomal abnormalities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resolution limitation of conventional cytogenetics?

<p>Detects gross chromosomal changes (&gt;5 Mb) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN)?

<p>To name chromosomes based on their banding patterns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'p' in ISCN stand for?

<p>Petit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'q' in ISCN stand for?

<p>Queue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a karyogram?

<p>To identify chromosomal abnormalities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the regions of a chromosome counting out from the centromere?

<p>Bands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the side-by-side arrangement of homologous chromosomes in a karyogram?

<p>Karyotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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