20 Questions
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
What is the function of the centrosome in animal cells?
Microtubule organizing center
What is the purpose of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?
Cell commits to division or exits from cell cycle
What are the two basic things that cells must accomplish during the cell cycle?
Cell growth and cell division
Which phase of the cell cycle corresponds to the division activity?
M phase
What is the main function of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle?
Regulation of cell cycle
What is the term used to describe the alternating 'growth' and 'division' activities of the cell?
Interphase
What is the term used to describe the duplication of the centrosome?
Duplication of cellular components
What is the main function of the G1 phase in the cell cycle?
Cell growth
What is the term used to describe the phase of the cell cycle where all chromosomes are duplicated?
S phase
During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids separate and move toward the opposite spindle poles?
Anaphase
What is the function of centrioles in cell division?
To organize the spindle
Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope?
Prometaphase
What is the function of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) in the cell cycle?
To control the passage of mammalian cells through the cell cycle
Which cyclin-Cdk complex is responsible for the activation of mitosis?
Cyclin B-Cdk1
What is the role of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) in cell cycle regulation?
To inhibit the activity of Cdks
Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?
Interphase
What is the function of the cleavage furrow in cytokinesis?
To separate daughter cells
What is the role of histones in mitosis?
To condense chromosomes
What is the function of DNA topoisomerase II in mitosis?
To separate chromatids
Study Notes
Cell Cycle Phases
- DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.
- The G1 checkpoint is a crucial phase in the cell cycle that ensures the cell is ready to enter the S phase, and it's where the cell checks for any DNA damage or other issues.
- The two basic things that cells must accomplish during the cell cycle are growth (increasing in size) and division (splitting into two daughter cells).
Mitosis Phases
- The phase of the cell cycle that corresponds to the division activity is Mitosis.
- During the Anaphase phase of mitosis, the chromatids separate and move toward the opposite spindle poles.
- The breakdown of the nuclear envelope occurs during the Prophase phase of mitosis.
Cell Division Structures
- The centrosome is responsible for the duplication of the centrioles, and it plays a crucial role in the formation of the spindle fibers during cell division.
- The function of centrioles in cell division is to form the spindle fibers, which are essential for the separation of chromosomes during mitosis.
Cell Cycle Regulation
- The main function of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle is to trigger the progression of the cell cycle by phosphorylating and activating other proteins.
- The cyclin-Cdk complex that is responsible for the activation of mitosis is the cyclin B-Cdk1 complex.
- Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) play a crucial role in cell cycle regulation by inhibiting the activity of CDKs, thereby preventing the cell from entering the next phase of the cell cycle.
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
- The cleavage furrow is a structure that forms in the cell membrane during cytokinesis, and its function is to divide the cell into two daughter cells.
- Histones play a crucial role in mitosis by compacting the DNA into chromosomes, making it easier to separate and move during cell division.
- DNA topoisomerase II is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in mitosis by relieving the tension that builds up in the chromosomes as they condense and separate during cell division.
Test your knowledge on the cell cycle and its main events, phases, regulation, replication, and checkpoints. This quiz will cover topics such as cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), chromosome replication, DNA replication, centrosome duplication, and more. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the cell cycle!
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