Chromosomal DNA and Chromatin Packaging Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Explain the composition of a chromosome and the role of chromatin in DNA packaging.

Chromosomes are composed of chromatin, a combination of nuclear DNA and proteins. Chromatin helps in efficient DNA packaging while still allowing for DNA replication and transcription to occur.

What are the differences between the packaging of DNA in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes?

Prokaryotic genomes mostly consist of single circular chromosomes, while eukaryotic genomes consist of one or two sets of linear chromosomes confined to the nucleus.

Why is DNA never found 'naked' within a cell?

DNA is always associated with proteins, from small virus genomes to the large genomes of complex organisms. These proteins play a role in the regulation of gene expression and repression.

What is the association of bacterial DNA and eukaryotic DNA with respect to proteins?

<p>Bacterial DNA is associated with polyamines, while eukaryotic DNA associates with histones to form chromatin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is efficient DNA packaging important within a cell?

<p>Efficient DNA packaging is important as the cell must handle amounts of DNA that are many times longer than the cells they are in, while still allowing for DNA replication and transcription to occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is chromatin?

Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is the building block of chromosomes, enabling efficient packaging of DNA while allowing for DNA replication and transcription.

How does the packaging of DNA differ in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic genomes are typically single circular chromosomes, while eukaryotic genomes are made up of one or two sets of linear chromosomes enclosed within the nucleus.

Why is DNA never found 'naked' within a cell?

DNA is always found associated with proteins, never existing freely in a cell.

How does bacterial DNA differ from eukaryotic DNA in its association with proteins?

Bacterial DNA associates with polyamines, while eukaryotic DNA interacts with histones to form chromatin.

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Why is efficient DNA packaging important?

Efficient DNA packaging is crucial because a cell needs to organize a significant amount of DNA within a limited space while still enabling replication and transcription.

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